2007 Guatemala City sinkhole
14°39′1.40″N 90°29′25″W / 14.6503889°N 90.49028°W The 2007 Guatemala City sinkhole is a 100-metre (330 ft) deep sinkhole which formed in Guatemala City in 2007, due to sewage pipe ruptures. Its collapse caused the deaths of five people, and the evacuation of over a thousand.
Formation
[edit]The sinkhole was created by fluid from a sewer eroding uncemented volcanic ash, limestone, and other pyroclastic deposits underlying Guatemala City.[1][2] The hazards around the pipe have since then been mitigated, by improved handling of the city's wastewater and runoff,[3] and plans to develop on the site have been proposed. However, critics believe municipal authorities have neglected needed maintenance on the city's aging sewerage system, and have speculated that more piping failures are likely to develop unless action is taken.[4]
Several rainstorms also contributed to the sinkhole's collapse, as stormwater percolated into the ground, further dissolving the rocks beneath Guatemala City. Citizens of Guatemala City near the sinkhole also reported hearing rumblings a few weeks before its collapse. The INSIVUMEH (Guatemala's seismology institute) had placed a seismic meter there before the disaster; a robotic camera system was supposed to enter the cavity, but the disaster occurred first.[5][6]
Collapse
[edit]On 23 February 2007, the sinkhole collapsed, forming a very large, deep circular hole with vertical walls and killing five people. Its location was in a poor neighbourhood in northeastern Guatemala City, at the intersection of 24 Avenida and 6 Calle.[7] This hole, which is classified by geologists as a "piping pseudokarst" feature, was 100 m (330 feet) deep.[1][2] As a result, one thousand people were evacuated from the area.[8] Police established a 460-metre (500-yard) no-go zone around the sinkhole.[5] The hole was later filled in with soil cement made from cement, limestone, and water known locally as lodocreto. $2.7 million was spent by the Guatemalan government in order to fill the sinkhole and to redirect sewage pipes around the area.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Waltham, T. (2008). "Sinkhole hazard case histories in karst terrains". Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology. 41 (3): 291–300. doi:10.1144/1470-9236/07-211. S2CID 128585380.
- ^ a b Halliday, W. R. (2007). "Pseudokarst in the 21st century" (PDF). Journal of Cave and Karst Studies. 69 (1): 103–113.
- ^ Reilly, Michael (4 June 2010). "Don't Call The Guatemala Sinkhole a Sinkhole". Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ^ Diaz-Duran, Constantino (1 June 2010). "Sinkhole in Guatemala City Might Not Be the Last". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
- ^ a b Chamberlain, Ted (26 February 2007). "Photo in the News: Giant Sinkhole Swallows Guatemala Homes". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 4 June 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
- ^ "Third body pulled from giant sinkhole". NBC News. NBC. 24 February 2007. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
- ^ "Site of 2007 Guatemala City Sinkhole". 1 June 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
- ^ Miller, David L. (4 July 2009). "Massive Guatemala Sinkhole Kills 2 Teens". CBS News. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
- ^ Palmer, Brian (4 June 2010). "How To Fix a Giant Sinkhole". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 16 September 2013.
