Acrostichum
| Leather ferns | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Acrostichum aureum, showing sori | |
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| A. aureum growing in Indonesia | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Family: | Pteridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Parkerioideae |
| Genus: | Acrostichum L. |
| Type species | |
| Acrostichum aureum | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Acrostichum is a fern genus in the Parkerioideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae.[1] It was one of the original pteridophyte genera delineated by Linnaeus. It was originally drawn very broadly, including all ferns that had sori apparently "acrostichoid", or distributed in a uniform mass across the back of the frond, rather than organized in discrete sori.[2] This led Linnaeus to include such species as Asplenium platyneuron in the genus, because the specimen he received had sori so crowded that it appeared acrostichoid.
Since Acrostichum aureum is regarded as the type for the genus, it is now narrowly circumscribed only to the natural genus of three species, that are allied to the genus Ceratopteris. They are collectively known as the leather ferns or leather swamp ferns, genus members commonly being found in swamps. The species of Acrostichum are massive ferns, with fronds up to 12 feet (3.7 meters) tall, that depend on a semi-aquatic existence. They do not withstand prolonged immersion, but require wet roots. The species Acrostichum aureum is known to have a high saltwater tolerance, growing in mangroves.
Species
[edit]Phylogeny of Acrostichum.
| Nitta et al. 2022[3] and Fern Tree of life[4] | |||||||||||||||
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Other species:
- Acrostichum preaureum fossil plant.
References
[edit]- ^ PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
- ^ Coulter, John (1917). The Botanical Gazette (volume LXIV). University of Chicago Press. p. 347. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
- ^ Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 909768. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.909768. PMC 9449725. PMID 36092417.
- ^ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.4.0 [GenBank release 253]. 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- World species list for Acrostichum: https://web.archive.org/web/20090921113828/http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/acrostichum.htm
- C. Michael Hogan. 2010. Fern. Encyclopedia of Earth. National council for Science and the Environment. Washington, DC
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