Athymhormia

Athymhormia
Athymhormia
Specialty	Neurology, Psychiatry
Symptoms	Loss or reduction of desire and interest toward previous motivations, loss of drive and the desire for satisfaction, curiosity, the loss of tastes and preferences, and flat affect.

Athymhormia is a disorder of motivation, one of that class of neuro-psychiatric conditions marked by abnormalities or deficiencies in motivation. It is a disorder of diminished motivation. Symptoms include the loss or reduction of desire and interest toward previous motivations, loss of drive and the desire for satisfaction, curiosity, the loss of tastes and preferences, and flat affect. In athymhormia, however, these phenomena are not accompanied by the characterizing features of depression nor by any notable abnormality in intellectual or cognitive function.^[1]^[2]

Origin of diagnostic category

The diagnostic category was coined in 1922 by the French psychiatrists Dide and Guiraud, originally in reference to the behavior identified in some patients with schizophrenia.^[3]

The cause of this condition has been hypothesized to derive from abnormalities in the limbic frontal cortex, the striatum, globus pallidus, and dorso-medial thalamic nucleus. In the context of the theory of those who propose the existence of a distinct neural pathway for mood and interest, or the "hormothymic" system, athymhormia may be a disorder of this system.^[4]

^ Carota, Antonio; Staub, Fabienne; Bogousslavsky, Julien (2002). "Emotions, behaviours and mood changes in stroke". Current Opinion in Neurology. 15 (1). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 57–69. doi:10.1097/00019052-200202000-00010. ISSN 1350-7540.
^ Bogousslavsky, J. (2003). "William Feinberg Lecture 2002". Stroke. 34 (4). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 1046–1050. doi:10.1161/01.str.0000061887.33505.b9. ISSN 0039-2499.
^ Habib, Michel (2004). "Athymhormia and Disorders of Motivation in Basal Ganglia Disease". The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 16 (4). American Psychiatric Association Publishing: 509–524. doi:10.1176/jnp.16.4.509. ISSN 0895-0172.
^ Habib, M.; Poncet, M. (1988). "[Loss of vitality, of interest and of the affect (athymhormia syndrome) in lacunar lesions of the corpus striatum]". Revue Neurologique. 144 (10): 571–577. ISSN 0035-3787. PMID 3194605.