Cloud Dancer

Cloud Dancer
1980 theatrical poster for the US
Directed by	Barry Brown
Written by	Barry Brown William Goodhart Daniel Tamkus
Produced by	Barry Brown Dick Reed Scott M. Siegler Melvin Simon
Starring	David Carradine Jennifer O'Neill Joseph Bottoms
Cinematography	Travers Hill
Edited by	Marshall M. Borden Allan Holzman
Music by	Fred Karlin
Production company	Modern Film Effects
Distributed by	Blossom Pictures
Release date	January 1, 1980 (1980-01-01) (US)
Running time	104 min.
Country	United States
Language	English

Cloud Dancer is a 1980 aviation drama film directed by Barry Brown. The film stars David Carradine, Jennifer O'Neill and Joseph Bottoms. Cloud Dancer follows a competition aerobatics pilot throughout his show season.^[1]

Brad Randolph is the world champion aerobatics pilot but now, in his early 40s, he faces many challenges to maintain his position. He begins to have nosebleeds during his competitions, is diagnosed with hypertension, and the doctor recommends he not expose himself to strong G-forces anymore.

Intertwined with Brad's professional struggles is his relationship with photojournalist Helen St. Clair, who suddenly reappears after a year. He makes clear to her his intention of not getting married due to his dangerous profession and above all, of not having children, without explaining why. Helen is wary of telling him that while she was away she gave birth to his son. Brad's problems are compounded by the presence of a young competitor, Tom Loomis, whom Brad himself had encouraged to try aerobatics and quit drug smuggling.

So, Brad faces difficult decisions. There are some vicious drug dealers using a fighter airplane to ground down drug-smuggling planes to take their cargo, will he do something about it? Will he continue to compete despite his failing health and the death of a colleague due to G-LOC, something he risks himself? And, what will happen with Helen?

Director Barry Brown met aerobatic pilot Tom Poberezny in England, during the 1970 FAI World Aerobatic Championships, where he had the idea for the plot. It took several years for him to get financing and resolve the technical problems of filming with cameras that could withstand more than 3 g for actual competition-level maneuvers.

The film had a budget reported as of $3.5 million dollars, crediting the cooperation of organizations like the Experimental Aircraft Association, Piper Aircraft, Goodyear, and Narco Avionics.^[a]

Director Barry Brown, who also produced the film, co-wrote the story, and designed the aerial sequences, is a pilot and aeronautic engineer. Therefore, he wanted to ensure a film on aerobatic flying was authentic. Cloud Dancer's stunts were performed in real airplanes by real pilots, without the use of models or the still rare CGI. Two Pitts biplanes were specially built by Aerotek-Pitts in Afton, Wyoming, to include lightweight built-in cameras, able to resist up to 12 g, invented by Brown. The camera mounts were built into the primary structure of the airplanes: a tripod mount on the top wing, another on the handhold of the top wing of the S-2, wing mounts, side fuselage mounts, a tail mount, and one between the cockpits of the S-2 for close-ups of the rear seat occupant. These airplanes alone flew 160 hours for the filming. The shooting of the movie was in April 1978.

The technical advisor and chief pilot for Cloud Dancer was the former world champion aerobatic pilot, Tom Poberezny, who appears in the film as himself; together with Charlie Hillard, also named in the film, they made most of the flying for the film. The third member of the "Red Devils" Aerobatic Team, Gene Soucy, is also named in the film. Crowd scenes were shot at actual air shows in the Phoenix area, specifically, the ones at Falcon Field ("First Annual Arizona Festival of Flight," April 2), Chandler (April 5), and Deer Valley ("Festival of Flight," April 8–9).^[3] The film counted with the appearance of famed air show announcer Sonny Everett as himself.

The movie also had the participation of pilots Leo Loudenslager, and Jimmy Leeward, this one piloting his own Mustang P-51. The film is dedicated to pilot Walt Tubb, who cameoed as a chief judge, and died a few months after the filming (coincidentally while performing the same maneuver he did in the movie that causes the death of one of the characters) and to another twelve "fallen airmen whose example made Cloud Dancer possible."

The cast was subjected to actual flying conditions, so their reactions are authentic. The scene in which Brad Randolph takes Helen St. Clair for her first aerobatic ride was the first time actress Jennifer O'Neill had that experience. It is reported that actor Joseph Bottoms became so fascinated with flying that he gained his pilot's license, and went solo during production in a Decathlon. As for David Carradine, he learned to taxi a Pitts, and during the many acrobatic maneuvers in which he flew in the back seat of the airplane to film his acting and facial distortions, he endured severe airsickness. It is also reported he became a proficient pilot.^[b]

It took two years of editions and re-editions for Cloud Dancer to find distribution.^{[1][5][6][7]: 63–64}

The aircraft featured in Cloud Dancer included a single-seat S-1S and a two-seat S-2A Pitts Specials as the airplanes piloted by the leading characters through most of the movie. The three Pitts Specials of the "Red Devils" Aerobatic Team are seen on the ground. Also, a Mustang P-51 is the fighter plane that appears in pursuit of a Piper PA-28R-201T Turbo Arrow III in a climactic scene. Other aircraft included were Christen Eagle, and Piper PA-350 Navajo.

Airplanes seen in the background are: Stearman PT-17 Kaydet, Cessna 140, Cessna 172M, Raytheon A 36 Bonanza, Lake LA-4 Buccaneer. Also, there can be seen a Ford Trimotor 5-AT, two Boeing B-17, and the Douglas A-4F Skyhawk of the Blue Angels, the United States Navy's aerobatic team.^[5][7]

Emmy Award winner composer Fred Karlin provided the film score plus three original songs: Sainted Angel, Cloud Dancer, and It's So Easy, the first two with lyrics by Academy Award and Grammy Award winner Norman Gimbel. The songs were performed by Gene Cotton, in duet with Mary MacGregor in It's So Easy.

Singer-songwriter Hoyt Axton, who played the role of Brad's mechanic, wrote and sang You Taught Me How to Cry, and Talkin' Lady Mechanic Blues, the second one co-written with guitar maker and musician S.L. Mossman, who cameoed in the film as Mechanic Nº2. Mark Dawson contributed his song The Heart You Break (May Be Your Own).^[c]

David Carradine wrote and sang Man.

Cloud Dancer was first released on January 1, 1980, but had its worldwide premiere in Milwaukee on May 29, 1980.

Reviews and critiques of the movie address its weak and formulaic plot, while praising the cinematography and realistic depiction of the aerobatics discipline.

Leonard Maltin in his Movie Guide gave the film two and a half stars of four, and wrote: "Uneven tale of aerobatic-obsessed Carradine and his relationship with O'Neill. Nice–if too many–flying sequences, hokey melodramatics."^[10]: 264

The TV Guide review says: "Although Carradine's quietly anti-heroic ways are intriguing, the filmmakers' main interest is in the never-ending aerial sequences, which are indeed beautiful to watch but fail to advance the plot or embellish the emotional tension with meaning."^[11]

Andy Webb from The Movie Scene gave the film three of five stars, and wrote: "(...) "Cloud Dancer" has some of the most spectacular flying cinematography that you end up forgiving it many of its inadequacies because when we are in a plane it blows you away."^[12]

Aviation historian Stephen Pendo wrote: "Although the film featured a number of the world's best aerobatic pilots, including Charlie Hillard and Tom Poberezny, a substantial budget, numerous flying sequences, and planes that included a P-51 and a Pitts S-1, the picture was so bad that it never went into wide distribution. Here is a classic example of how good stunt flying cannot save an otherwise poor film."^[13]: 58

Justin B. "Jack" Cox, editor-in-chief of Sport Aviation magazine, wrote: "Movie-goers will, of course, instantly recognize the plot. You saw it a hundred times in the glory days of the Old Westerns… the aging sheriff with a reputation as a fast gun, fighting to keep his job from a sharp young deputy as he battles both the bad guys and his girl who wants him to turn in his badge and accept the job as foreman at the Bar X. Cloud Dancer has its hero strapping on a Pitts instead of a six gun… should be great stuff for those of us who grew up (and old) with John Wayne."^[1]

Cloud Dancer is well regarded among aviators.^[d]

Pilot and aviation researcher Simon D. Beck wrote: "A muddled script with a weak narrative is made up for by excellent, innovative aerobatic sequences with a good variety of light aircraft types that capture the art of flying better than most films in this genre."^[7]

Executive editor of Flying Magazine Berl Bechner wrote: "There is a movie about to be released that has mediocre acting, a disjointed plot and some of the worst dialogue that you might ever find in a movie theater.
See it anyway.
Cloud Dancer contains flying sequences that are among the most dramatic and exciting you'll ever see on film."^[6]

This film continues to inspire people to pursue careers in aerobatics, like Michael Goulian^[15] and Elias Corey,^[16] and is listed by the specialized public among the films that best depict aviation.^[17]

Cloud Dancer was released in VHS tape in 1991 by Starmaker/Anchor Bay, and in Betamax by Prism Entertainment.

• Cloud Dancer at IMDb
• Cloud Dancer at the TCM Movie Database