Europium(III) phosphide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names Phosphanylidyneeuropium, Europium phosphide[1] | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.044.780 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| |
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| Properties | |
| EuP | |
| Molar mass | 182.94 |
| Appearance | Dark crystals |
| Density | g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,200 °C (3,990 °F; 2,470 K) |
| Insoluble | |
| Structure | |
| Cubic | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions | Europium nitride Europium arsenide |
Other cations | Samarium phosphide Gadolinium phosphide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Europium phosphide is an inorganic compound of europium and phosphorus with the chemical formula EuP.[2][3][4] Other phosphides are also known.[5]
Preparation
[edit]Heating powdered europium and red phosphorus in an inert atmosphere or vacuum:[citation needed]
- 4 Eu + P4 → 4 EuP
Passing phosphine through a solution of europium in liquid ammonia:[6]
- Eu + 2PH3 → Eu(PH2)2 + H2
Eu(PH2)2 is formed, which then decomposes to europium(III) phosphide and phosphine:[6][7]
- 2Eu(PH2)2 → 2EuP + 2PH3 + H2
Properties
[edit]Europium(III) phosphide forms dark crystals which are stable in air and do not dissolve in water. Like sodium chloride, it crystallizes cubically in the space group Fm3m with cell parameter a = 575.5 nm with four formula units per unit cell.[8] Europium(III) phosphide tends to form europium(II) oxide (EuO) in air,[9] and pure EuP shows Van Vleck paramagnetism. The vapor pressure of EuP is 133-266.6 Pa at 1273 K.[10]
Europium(III) phosphide actively reacts with nitric acid.[citation needed]
Uses
[edit]The compound is a semiconductor used in high power, high frequency applications and in laser diodes.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ "Europium phosphide". European Chemical Agency. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ a b "Europium Phosphide". American Elements. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ Pankratz, L. B. (1995). Bulletin 696. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 279.
- ^ Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory. Cumulative Supplement to the Initial Inventory: User Guide and Indices. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1980. p. 172. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ Mironov, K.E.; Brygalina, G.P.; Vikorskii, V. N. (1974). "Magnetism of Europium phosphides". Proceedings of the Rare Earth Research Conference. Plenum Press. p. 105. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ a b Pytlewski, L. L.; Howell, J. K. (1 January 1967). "Preparation of Europium and ytterbium phosphides in liquid ammonia". Chemical Communications (24): 1280. doi:10.1039/C19670001280. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ J.K. Howell, L.L. Pytlewski (August 1970). "Thermal decomposition of europium and ytterbium dihydrogen phosphides". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 6 (8): 681–686. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(70)80144-1.
- ^ Giacomo Bruzzone, Assunta Ferro Ruggiero, Giorgio L. Olcese (1964). "Sul comportamento di ittrio, europio e itterbio nei composti MX con i metalloidi del V e VI gruppo": 66–69.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ K. E. Mironov, G. P. Brygalina, V. N. Ikorskii (1974). "Magnetism of europium phosphides": 105–114.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ S. P. Gordienko, K. E. Mironov (1983). "Stability of europium monophosphide during heating in vacuum and its thermodynamic properties" (24): 131–133.
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