Eutrephoceras

Eutrephoceras
Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Miocene
Fossil in Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Subclass: Nautiloidea
Order: Nautilida
Family: Nautilidae
Genus: †Eutrephoceras
Hyatt, 1894
Type species
Nautilus dekayi
Morton 1834
Species

See text

Eutrephoceras dorbignyanum
Eutrephoceras dekayi from the Coon Creek Formation

Eutrephoceras is an extinct genus of nautilus from the Late Jurassic to the Miocene (around 161 to 5 million years ago). They are characterized by a highly rounded involute shell with slightly sinuous suture patterns.

Description

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Eutrephoceras typically possess nearly globular conchs (shells). The whorls are reniform (kidney-shaped) in cross section and broadly rounded on the sides and lower edge.[1] On the upper edge it is only slightly curved. The surface of the shell is usually smooth, but can sometimes be sculptured. The suture patterns are slightly sinuous, though it can be more or less straight in some species. The umbilicus is small and barely noticeable, sometimes hidden altogether. The septa are averagely convex towards the tip. The siphuncle is small and circular in cross section. It can vary in position considerably and its placement is important in identifying different species under the genus, but it is never marginal.[2]

Puncture marks made by teeth on several Late Cretaceous-aged Eutrephoceras fossils (such as E. campbelli, of the Trent River Formation in Vancouver) are cited as evidence of mosasaur predation on this genus.[3]

Distribution

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Eutrephoceras can be found in Late Jurassic to Miocene formations confirmed in many places in the earth, and many species are valid.[2]

Taxonomy

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Eutrephoceras is classified under the family Nautilidae, which includes the only extant nautiloids of the genera Allonautilus and Nautilus. They are part of the superfamily Nautilaceae, the only superfamily of nautiloids to survive past the Triassic.[4] Eutrephoceras are sometimes separated into the monogeneric family Eutrephoceratidae as first proposed by A.K. Miller in 1951,[5] but most authors include it under Nautilidae.[2]

Species under Eutrephoceras include the following. This list is incomplete.[6]

References

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  1. ^ Neal L. Larson; Steven D. Jorgensen; Robert A. Farrar; Peter L. Larson (1997). Ammonites and the Other Cephalopods of the Pierre Seaway. Geoscience Press, Inc. p. 96. ISBN 0-945005-34-2.
  2. ^ a b c Marcela Cichowolski; Alfredo Ambrosio; Andrea Concheyro (2005). "Nautilids from the Upper Cretaceous of the James Ross Basin, Antarctic Peninsula". Antarctic Science. 17 (2): 267–280. Bibcode:2005AntSc..17..267C. doi:10.1017/S0954102005002671. hdl:11336/96152. S2CID 128767860.
  3. ^ Ludvigsen, Rolf & Beard, Graham. 1997. West Coast Fossils: A Guide to the Ancient Life of Vancouver Island. pg. 117
  4. ^ B. Kummel (1964). "Nautiloidea-Nautilida". In C. Teichert; R.C. Moore (eds.). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part K. ISBN 0-8137-3011-2.
  5. ^ Neil H. Landman; Ralph O. Johnson; Lucy E. Edwards (2004). "Cephalopods from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval on the Atlantic Coastal Plain with a description of the highest ammonite zones in North America. Part 2. Northeastern Monmouth County, New Jersey". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (287): 1–107.
  6. ^ "Eutrephoceras Hyatt 1894". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
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Data related to Eutrephoceras at Wikispecies Media related to Eutrephoceras at Wikimedia Commons

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