Gaudencio Rosales

His Eminence Gaudencio Borbón Rosales D.D.
Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Manila
Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales, circa 2006
Province	Manila (Emeritus)
See	Manila (Emeritus)
Appointed	September 15, 2003
Installed	November 21, 2003
Term ended	December 12, 2011
Predecessor	Jaime Sin
Successor	Luis Antonio Tagle
Other post(s)	Cardinal-Priest of Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina
Previous post(s)	Auxiliary Bishop of Manila (1974–1984) Bishop of Malaybalay (1984–1992) Archbishop of Lipa (1993–2003)
Orders
Ordination	March 23, 1958 by Alejandro Olalia
Consecration	October 28, 1974 by Bruno Torpigliani
Created cardinal	March 24, 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	(1932-08-10) August 10, 1932 (age 92) Batangas, Philippine Islands
Nationality	Filipino
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Profession	Priesthood/Roman Catholic Cardinal-Priest
Alma mater	San Jose Seminary
Motto	Si mortuum fuerit, fructum affert ('If it dies, it bears fruit.', John 12:24)
Coat of arms

Styles of Gaudencio B. Cardinal Rosales
Reference style	His Eminence
Spoken style	Your Eminence
Informal style	Cardinal
See	Manila (Emeritus)

Gaudencio Borbón Rosales (born August 10, 1932^[1]) is a Filipino Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Manila, from 2003 to 2011. He was made a cardinal in 2006.

He was the fourth native Filipino to hold the post. During his last year as archbishop, he was concurrently named apostolic administrator of the Diocese of Pasig from December 21, 2010 to June 23, 2011, a post he accepted after the resignation of Pasig's first bishop, Francisco San Diego. He is also the longest-lived Filipino cardinal, surpassing Cardinal Jose Tomas Sanchez.

Rosales was born in the then-town of Batangas, Batangas. Rosales' grandfathers were Julián Rosales, a former mayor of the town of Batangas and Pablo Borbón, a former provincial governor of Batangas. Rosales' father, Dr. Godofredo Dilay Rosales, was one of the first Filipino physicians to acquire his medical school and residency training exclusively in the United States of America, after which he returned home to practice in Batangas City. Rosales' mother, Remedios Mayo Borbón, was a first cousin of the nationalist Claro M. Recto. He is the third of seven siblings, the others being Rosie, Guillermo (deceased), Gabriel, Tessie, Gilbert and Mary Grace.

He attended his elementary education at Batangas Elementary School and St. Bridget's Grade School and his secondary education at Batangas High School. As a boy, he wanted already to become a priest. He studied theology at the San José Seminary and had as classmates two other future bishops: Bishop Severino Pelayo, later Military Ordinary of the Philippines, and Bishop Benjamin Almoneda, later Bishop of Daet. On March 23, 1958, he was ordained priest by Lipa Bishop Alejandro Olalia and then assigned to teach for 12 years at St. Francis Minor Seminary, the seminary of the Diocese of Lipa. In 1970, he was given his first parish assignment, the St. Vincent Ferrer Parish in the obscure Barangay Banay-banay in Lipa. In 1972, he was assigned as parish priest of the Immaculate Conception Parish in Batangas City.^[2]

In 1974, Rosales was named auxiliary bishop of Manila, the first Batangueño to be named such. Bishop Rosales received his crosier from the Vicar General of Lipa Venerable Alfredo María Obviar (later Bishop of Lucena) and has used it ever since. He took care of the ecclesiastical district of East Antipolo in Rizal, as well as San Juan, Mandaluyong, and Grace Park in Caloocan. Rosales was consecrated bishop of the titular see of Oescus in a ceremony on October 28, 1974, and in 1980 was appointed rector of the archdiocesan major seminary, San Carlos Seminary. On June 9, 1982, he was named coadjutor bishop of Malaybalay in Bukidnon and was later canonically installed as its second bishop on September 14, 1984, after the resignation of Bishop Francisco F. Claver.

When Archbishop Mariano Gaviola of Lipa retired, Rosales was appointed his successor on December 30, 1992, bringing the latter back to the diocese where he began his ministry. With the announced retirement of Cardinal Jaime Sin, Rosales was named archbishop of Manila by Pope John Paul II on September 15, 2003. He was installed on November 21, 2003.

Rosales's elevation to the College of Cardinals was announced on February 22, 2006. Archbishop Antonio Franco, the Apostolic Nuncio, personally made the announcement at Manila Cathedral during a Mass for the 40th anniversary of the Focolare Movement.

Pope Benedict XVI created Rosales cardinal-priest of Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina in the consistory of March 24, 2006. Rosales joined 14 others, two of them Asians, as the newest members of the College of Cardinals. Pope Benedict told the new cardinals, "I want to sum up the meaning of this new call that you have received in the word which I placed at the heart of my first Encyclical: caritas. This matches well the color of your cardinal's robes. May the scarlet that you now wear always express the caritas Christi, inspiring you to a passionate love for Christ, for his Church and for all humanity." A little later, Benedict added, "I am counting on you, dear Brother Cardinals, to ensure that the principle of love will spread far and wide, and will give new life to the Church at every level of her hierarchy, in every group of the faithful, in every religious institute, in every spiritual, apostolic or humanitarian initiative."^{[citation needed]}

On February 3, 2007, Rosales was appointed for a five-year term on the 15-member Council of Cardinals for the Study of Organizational and Economic Concerns of the Apostolic See. In 2008, Cardinal Rosales offered his resignation from the governance of the archdiocese, as required under canon law on reaching the age of 75, but Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re communicated that the Holy See had not accepted it.^[3] In the same year also, Cardinal Rosales invited Pope Benedict XVI to visit the Philippines, being the third largest Catholic nation in the world; however, the pope declined due to heavy schedule.^[4]

Four months after his 79th birthday, Rosales resigned as Archbishop of Manila and he was succeeded by the then-Bishop of Imus, Luis Antonio Tagle upon the latter's installation on December 12, 2011. On August 10, 2012, along with the celebration of his 80th birthday, he lost his eligibility to vote on any future conclaves and thus, did not participate in the 2013 conclave that elected Pope Francis.

On August 10, 2024 with the celebration of his 92nd birthday, he became the longest living Filipino Cardinal surpassing José Tomás Sánchez. On October 28, Rosales celebrated his 50th episcopal anniversary at the Saint Francis de Sales Major Seminary (Marawoy, Lipa City, Batangas) – Major (College) Seminary of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa, as Asia’s third oldest cardinal. The oldest is Cardinal Michael Michai Kitbunchu followed by Cardinal Joseph Zen/^[5]

Archbishop Rosales expressed support for charter change but condemned politicians pushing their personal agenda in amending the constitution. When the state of national emergency was proclaimed, he would ask Filipinos to pray for peace and unity in the country and expressed hopes that the government will not abuse and curtail the rights of the people.

In 2007, Cardinal Rosales argued against the National Statistics Office (NSO) requirement that all solemnizing officers/priests undergo training before conducting wedding ceremonies. He said: "We understand the concern of the National Statistics Office (NSO) because we also know of abuses done by the so-called ministers of the Gospel (not priests), but they should not be like that to us, as if we know nothing."^[6]

In 2008, Rosales clashed with Ang Ladlad founder Danton Remoto on the subject of allowing gays to participate, in drag, in the Flores de Mayo celebration.^[7] Rosales threatened parishes that permit cross-dressing homosexuals to play Saint Helena or female saints in the Santacruzan or Flores de Mayo procession with official punishment and removal from Mass.^[8]

The guidelines that Rosales wrote for implementing the 2007 motu proprio Summorum Pontificum were reported to have been criticized by Darío Castrillón Hoyos, President of the Ecclesia Dei Commission, as too restrictive.^[9] Rosales denied that he had forbidden use of the "Traditional Latin Mass" in his archdiocese, saying he had only opposed celebration by priests of the dissident Society of St. Pius X.^[10]

On September 16, 2010, Cardinal Rosales issued a pastoral letter expressing the Catholic Church’s condemnation of abortion and recalling the excommunication imposed by the Church on those who procure it or help others to do so. "A deliberately procured abortion is a moral evil and the Catholic Church attaches the canonical penalty of excommunication on those who procure it and on those who help obtain abortion", the pastoral letter read.^[11]

Below is the list of auxiliary bishops who served during Rosales' term as Archbishop of Manila. The auxiliary bishops are also Vicars-General of the archdiocese.

• Socrates Villegas (2003–2004) (later installed as Bishop of Balanga)
• Bernardino Cortez (2004–2011)
• Broderick Soncuaco Pabillo (2006–2011)

Aside from the auxiliary bishops, the following priests served as vicars-general of Manila during Rosales' time.

• Josefino Ramirez (2003–2010)
• Francisco Tantoco (2004–2011)

Wikiquote has quotations related to Gaudencio Borbon Rosales.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gaudencio Rosales.

• "Rosales Card. Gaudencio Borbon". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
• Cardinal Rosales Concurrently Named Apostolic Administrator of the Suffragan Diocese of Pasig^[usurped]
• Vatican Cardinal Bio
• Welcome to Archdiocese of Manila Official Website
• Biography at Salvador Miranda's "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church" website Archived January 22, 2018, at archive.today
• Catholic-Hierarchy – Gaudencio Borbón Cardinal Rosales
• catholic pages
• Rosales Webpage
• Asia News