Herbert McLean Evans

For other people named Herbert Evans, see Herbert Evans (disambiguation).
Herbert Evans
ForMemRS
Herbert McLean Evans in 1927
Born
Herbert McLean Evans

(1882-09-23)September 23, 1882
Modesto, California
DiedMarch 6, 1971(1971-03-06) (aged 88)
Berkeley, California
EducationJohns Hopkins University, UC Berkeley
Known forIsolating human growth hormone, discovery of vitamin E
Scientific career
FieldsAnatomy, embryology
InstitutionsJohns Hopkins University, UC Berkeley
Notable studentsMiriam Elizabeth Simpson

Herbert McLean Evans (September 23, 1882 – March 6, 1971) was an American anatomist and embryologist best known for co-discovering Vitamin E.[1][2][3][4]

Education

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He was born in Modesto, California. In 1908, he obtained his medical degree from Johns Hopkins University.

Career

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Evans became associate professor of anatomy at Johns Hopkins University. Evans moved back to California in 1915 and was made professor of anatomy at the University of California, Berkeley, and held that position until his death.

His medical research at Berkeley addressed problems relating to human nutrition, endocrinology, embryology, and histology. In 1918, his research into the number of human chromosomes led him to believe the number to be 48, when most people assumed the number to be much higher. It was only later discovered that the correct figure was 46. Evans had much greater success however with hormones extracted from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. He isolated Human Growth Hormone, which is essential for human growth and development. In 1922 along with Katharine Scott Bishop, during feeding experiments on rats, he co-discovered Vitamin E which is needed for human reproduction.[5] Evans became director of the Institute of Experimental Biology at Berkeley in 1931. With Gladys Anderson Emerson, he reported the isolation of the pure Vitamin E from wheat germ in 1937.[6][7] He also determined the formula C29H50O2.[8][9] Evans was also instrumental in developing reproductive systems research with Miriam Elizabeth Simpson and Choh Hao Li, by studying the oestrus cycle of rats.

Evans is also credited with developing Evans blue, a method which determines blood volume in humans and animals.

Evans took a strong interest in the history of science and was an active collector of rare books in the field. His collection was later acquired by the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin.

He died in Berkeley, California, aged 88.

Quotation

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  • "No single feature of man's past equals in importance his attempt to understand the forces of Nature and himself."

Bibliography

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  • Evans, H. McLean (1904) A New Cestraciont Spine from the Lower Triassic of Idaho. The University Press: Berkeley, California.
  • Evans, H. McLean and Scott, Katharine J. (1921) On the Differential Reaction to Vital Dyes Exhibited by the Two Groups of Connective-tissue Cells. Carnegie Institution of Washington.
  • Evans, H. McLean and Long, Joseph A. (1922) The oestrous cycle in the rat and its associated phenomena. Univ. of California Press: Berkeley, California.
  • Evans, H. McLean and Cole, Harold H. (1931) An Introduction to the Study of the Oestrous Cycle in the Dog. University of California Press: Berkeley, California.
  • Evans, H. McLean and Swezy, Olive (1931) Ovogenesis and the Normal Follicular Cycle in Adult Mammalia. University of California Press: Berkeley, California.
  • Evans, H. McLean and Becks, Hermann (1953) Atlas of the Skeletal Development of the Rat (Long-Evans strain): normal and hypophysectomized. American Institute of Dental Medicine: San Francisco.
  • Evans, H. McLean, ed. (1959) Men and Moments in the History of Science. University of Washington Press: Seattle. ISBN 0-8371-2458-1

References

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  1. ^ Mohammad, A.; Emerson, O. H.; Emerson, G. A.; Evans, H. M. (1939). "Multiple Nature of the Rat "filtrate Factor"--A Component of Vitamin B2". Science. 90 (2338): 377. Bibcode:1939Sci....90..377M. doi:10.1126/science.90.2338.377. PMID 17754630.
  2. ^ Emerson, O. H.; Emerson, G. A.; Evans, H. M. (1939). "The Occurrence of Gamma Tocopherol in Corn Embryo Oil". Science. 89 (2304): 183. Bibcode:1939Sci....89..183E. doi:10.1126/science.89.2304.183. PMID 17834212.
  3. ^ Evans, H. M.; Emerson, G. A.; Emerson, O. H. (1938). "The Chemistry of Vitamin E. Ii. Biological Assays of Various Synthetic Compounds". Science. 88 (2271): 38–39. Bibcode:1938Sci....88...38E. doi:10.1126/science.88.2271.38. PMID 17780891.
  4. ^ Emerson, O. H.; Emerson, G. A.; Evans, H. M. (1936). "The Isolation from Cottonseed Oil of an Alcohol Resembling Alpha Tocopherol from Wheat Germ Oil". Science. 83 (2157): 421. Bibcode:1936Sci....83..421E. doi:10.1126/science.83.2157.421. PMID 17740452.
  5. ^ Evans, H. M.; Bishop, K. S. (1922). "On the Existence of a Hitherto Unrecognized Dietary Factor Essential for Reproduction". Science. 56 (1458): 650–651. Bibcode:1922Sci....56..650E. doi:10.1126/science.56.1458.650. PMID 17838496. Archived from the original on 2022-10-27. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
  6. ^ Bowden, Mary Ellen; Crow, Amy Beth; Sullivan, Tracy (2003). Pharmaceutical achievers : the human face of pharmaceutical research. Philadelphia, PA: Chemical Heritage Press. pp. 35–37. ISBN 978-0-941901-30-7. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  7. ^ Elizabeth H. Oakes (2007), "Emerson, Gladys Anderson", Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Infobase, pp. 211–212, ISBN 978-1-4381-1882-6
  8. ^ Evans H. M.; Emerson O. H.; Emerson G. A. (February 1, 1936). "The isolation from wheat germ oil of an alcohol, a-tocopherol, having the properties of vitamin E". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 113 (1): 319–332. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)74918-1.
  9. ^ Evans, H. M.; Emerson, O. H.; Emerson, G. A. (2009). "THE ISOLATION FROM WHEAT GERM OIL OF AN ALCOHOL, α-TOCOPHEROL, HAVING THE PROPERTIES OF VITAMIN E". Nutrition Reviews. 32 (3): 80–82. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1974.tb06280.x. PMID 4593257.
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