Jasagh
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A jasagh (Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ засаг, or засаг ноён; Chinese: 札薩克; lit. 'power,' 'authority') was the head of a Mongol banner or khoshun during the Qing dynasty and the Bogd Khanate.[1] The position was held by hereditary succession by certain Mongol princes, most of whom were descendants of Genghis Khan. The princes who did not serve as Jasagh were known as sula (сул - empty vacant free, loose) or hohi taiji (хохь тайж).
List of jasaghs
[edit]The list only include major jasaghs under Prince title.
Inner jasaghs
[edit]Aohan Tribes
[edit]Leaders of Aohan league held a title of the Prince of the Second Rank. Only the last jasagh was promoted to the Prince of the First Rank.
| Date | Jasagh | Clan | Background |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1644 | Sodnom Dügüreng (索諾木杜棱/索诺木杜棱; d. 1644) | Borjigin | Husband of Nurhaci's third daughter (Mangguji) |
| 1644-1668 | Majike (玛济克; d. 1647) | Son of Sodnom Dugureng | |
| 1668-1674 | Buda(布达) | Brother of Majike | |
| 1674-1689 | Samupile (萨木丕勒) | Buda's son | |
| 1689-1690 | Amin Dalai (阿敏达赉) | Samupile's son | |
| 1690-1691 | Ese Mongke (额色蒙克) | Son of Amin Dalai | |
| 1691-1704 | Dashendazha'er (达什达札尔) | Younger brother of Ese Mongke | |
| 1704-1705 | Waleda (瓦勒达) | Son of Dashendazha'er | |
| 1705-1748 | Elezhai (鄂勒斋) | Brother of Waleda | |
| 1748-1779 | Lashen Labudan (喇什剌布但 | Son of Elezhai | |
| 1779-1805 | Qimote Luwa (齐默特噜瓦) | Son of Lashen Labudan | |
| 1805-1843 | Gansabala (甘萨巴拉) | Son of Qimote Luwa | |
| 1843-1870 | Buyan Delegelie Gulukeqi (布彦徳格勒哷固鲁克齐) | Son of Gansabula | |
| 1870-1906 | Chakeda'erzhabu (察克达尔札布 | Adopted son of Buyan Delegelie Gulukeji | |
| 1906-1933 | Tsering Duanlubu (色凌端鲁布) | Eldest son of Chakeda'erzhabu |
Ordos Tribes
[edit]Harqin Tribes
[edit]| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| NN | |||
Khorchin Tribes
[edit]Jasagh of the Khorchin banner held a title of Prince Bodlogtoi of the First Rank. Some jasaghs made a huge contribution to the Qing Dynasty by settling a military merit. Leaders of Khorchin league also became prince consorts by the tradition of diplomatic marriages between Khorchin Mongols and Manchus
| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1636-1643 | Donggor (栋果儿尔) | Borjigin | |
| 1643-1664 | Zhangjilun | Father: Donggor | |
| 1664-1684 | Budali | Father: Zhangjilun | |
| 1684-1685 | Zhaga'er | Father: Budali | |
| 1685-1710 | Daibu | Father: Zhaga'er | |
| 1710-1716 | Alabdan | Father: Daibu | |
| 1716- 1738 | Luobozang Lashen | Brother:Alabdan | |
| 1738-1782 | Chimed Dorji | Father:Luobuzang Lashen Spouse: Princess Duanrou of the Second Rank, Yunlu's eldest daughter by lady Gorolo | |
| 1782-1783 | Baljur | Brother: Chimed Dorji | |
| 1783-1825 | Sodnamudorji | Father: Baljur Spouse: Princess Zhuangjing of the Second Rank, Jiaqing Emperor's 3rd daughter by Imperial Noble Consort Heyu | |
| 1825-1865 | Sengge Rinchen | Father: Buhegeliger Adopted father: Sodnamudorji | |
| 1865-1891 | Buyannemekü | Father: Sengge Rinchen Spouse: Princess of the Third Rank, Zaiyuan's first daughter by primary consort (Nara) | |
| 1891-1917 | Amurlingkui | Father: Narsu Grandfather: Buyannemekü |
Another title held by the jasagh of the Khorchin banner was Prince Darhan of the First Rank. The lineage was more prestigious than previous one. Most holders of the title were prince consorts and relatives of Qing Dynasty most prominent imperial consorts.
| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1652-1665 | Manzhuxili | Borjigin | Father: Jaisang Mother: Boli Sister: Harjol |
| 1665-1669 | Heta (和塔) | Father: Manzhuxili | |
| 1671-1710 | Bandi | Father: Heta Spouse: Gurun Princess Duanmin, second daughter of Jidu | |
| 1710-1752 | Luobozanggunbu | Father: Bandi Mother: Gurun Princess Duanmin Spouse: Princess of the Third Rank, fifth daughter | |
| 1752-1755 | Septeng Baljur | Father:Luobozanggunbu Spouse: Princess Hejing of the First Rank, third daughter of Qianlong Emperor | |
| 1755-1773 | Tsewang Norbu | Brother: Septeng Baljur Spouse: Princess of the Fourth Rank, sixth daughter of Yunlu | |
| 1773-1798 | Wangjal Dorji | Father: Tsewang Norbu | |
| 1798-1808 | Dancengwangbu | Father: Wangjal Dorji | |
| 1808-1838 | Buyanwen Durhu | Father: Dancengwangbu | |
| 1838-1874 | Sodnam Pengsuke | Father: Buyanwen Durhu | |
| 1874-1884 | Kunbu Wangjile | Father: Sodnam Pengsuke | |
| 1884-1947 | Namjilseleng | Father: Kunbu Wangjile |
Prince Zhuoliketu of the First Rank was one of the titles reserved for jasaghs of the Khorchin league
| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1636-1665 | Wukeshan | Borjigin | Father : Jaisang Sister: Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, |
| 1665-1667 | Birtakhar | Father: Wukeshan Spouse: Princess Yongmu of the First Rank (Yatu) | |
| 1667-1682 | Eqir | Father: Birtakhar Spouse: Dodo's eighth daughter | |
| 1682-1688 | Duleba | Father: Wukeshan | |
| 1688-1725 | Batema | Father: Duleba | |
| 1725-1737 | Alatan Gehur | Father:Batema | |
| 1727-1761 | Zhamubale Zhamusu | Father:Alatan Gehur | |
| 1761-1795 | Gongge Labdan | Father:Zhamubale Zhamusu | |
| 1795-1804 | Lhawang | Father:Gongge Labdan | |
| 1804-1826 | Garsangdlonglob | Father: Lhawang | |
| 1826-1861 | Batu | Father: Garsangdlonglob | |
| 1861-1891 | Jikdeng Wangkur | Father: Batu | |
| 1891-1894 | Danselit Wangjur | Father:Jikdeng Wangkur | |
| 1894-1906 | Erdem Bilektu | Father: Danselit Wangjur | |
| 1906-1919 | Tsewang Duanlub | Father: Erdem Bilektu | |
| 1919-1954 | Hexiyeletu Morgen | Father: Tsewang Duanlub |
Outer jasaghs
[edit]Khalkha Tribes
[edit]Leaders of the Khalkha league held a title of the Prince of the First Rank. The title of Prince Darhan of the First Rank was demoted to the Prince of the Third Rank and subsequently recovered.
| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1653-1669 | Batar | ||
Sayin Noyan league
[edit]Sayin Noyan was a part of Khalkha valley. Jasagh of Sayin Noyan league held a title of Prince of the First Rank. Jasaghs of Sayin Noyan were treated like leaders of Khalkha league.
| Year | Jasagh | Clan | Family background |
|---|---|---|---|
| NN | |||
Oriat Tribes
[edit]Altishahr
[edit]Altishahr (Turki Muslim major area in Xinjiang), which also the same Jasagh rulers, two of six had “Wang”(king) title.
- Kumul Khanate- Muslim banner, held a title of Prince of the First Rank.
- Turpan- Muslim banner, held a title of Prince of the Second Rank.
References
[edit]- ^ "Jasagh Lama – Columbia tibetan studies". 2018-11-09. Retrieved 2024-01-04.