Award
The Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences is awarded once a year by the Inamori Foundation . The Prize is one of three Kyoto Prize categories; the others are the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology and the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy . The first Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences was awarded to Claude Elwood Shannon , the “Establishment of Mathematical Foundation of Information Theory”.[ 1] Nobel Prize .[ 2]
The Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences is awarded on a rotating basis to researchers in the following four fields:
Source: Kyoto Prize
Biological sciences [ edit ] Mathematical sciences [ edit ] Year Laureate Country 1985 Claude Elwood Shannon United States 1916–2001 Establishment of Mathematical Foundation of Information Theory[ 14] 1989 Izrail Moiseevich Gelfand Soviet Union 1913–2009 Outstanding Contribution to Many Fields of Mathematical Sciences, Especially Pioneering Studies in Functional Analysis[ 15] 1994 André Weil France 1906–1998 Broad Contribution to the Modern Mathematics, Especially through the Foundational Works in Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory[ 16] 1998 Kiyoshi Itō Japan 1915–2008 Fundamental Contribution to the Stochastic Analysis, through His Invention of Stochastic Differential Equations, Which Have Been Applied in Various Sciences[ 17] 2002 Mikhail Gromov France born 1943 Contributions through dramatic developments in a range of mathematical fields by introducing the innovative method of a metric structure for families of various geometrical objects[ 18] 2006 Hirotsugu Akaike Japan 1927–2009 Major contribution to statistical science and modeling with the development of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)[ 19] 2010 László Lovász Hungary born 1948 Outstanding Contributions to Mathematical Sciences Based on Discrete Optimization Algorithms[ 20] 2014 Edward Witten United States born 1951 Outstanding Contributions to the Development of Mathematical Sciences through the Exploration of Superstring Theory[ 21] 2018 Masaki Kashiwara Japan born 1947 Outstanding Contributions to a Broad Spectrum of Modern Mathematics: Advancement of D-module Theory from Its Foundation[ 22] 2023 Elliott H. Lieb United States born 1932 Pioneering Mathematical Research in Physics, Chemistry, and Quantum Information Science Based on Many-Body Physics[ 23]
[ edit ] Year Laureate Country 1987 Jan Hendrik Oort Netherlands 1900–1992 Outstanding Contribution to Astronomy by the Elucidation of Structure and Dynamics of the Galaxy[ 24] 1991 Edward Norton Lorenz United States 1917–2008 Outstanding Contribution to Earth Science and Mathematical Science by the Development of Theoretical Basis of Numerical Study in Meteorology and the Discovery of Deterministic Chaos[ 25] 1995 Chūshirō Hayashi Japan 1920–2010 Outstanding Contribution to Astrophysics through the Theoretical Studies of the Stellar Formation and Evolution and the Formation of Solar System[ 26] 1999 Walter Heinrich Munk United States 1917–2019 Outstanding Contribution to the Earth Science by the Elucidation of Dynamical Mechanism of Ocean and Its Waves[ 27] 2003 Eugene Newman Parker United States 1927–2022 Contributions to Astrophysics through the Elucidation of the Solar Wind and Cosmical Magnetohydrodynamic Phenomena[ 28] 2007 Hiroo Kanamori Japan born 1936 Elucidation of Physical Processes of Earthquakes and Its Application to Hazard Mitigation[ 29] 2011 Rashid Alievich Sunyaev born 1943 Proposal of the Theory of Fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation to Explore the Expanding Universe, and Outstanding Contribution to High-Energy Astronomy[ 30] 2015 Michel Mayor Switzerland born 1942 Outstanding Contributions in Evolving a New Vision of the Universe through the Discovery of Extrasolar Planet[ 31] 2019 James E. Gunn United States born 1938 Outstanding Contributions to the Elucidation of Cosmic History Based on a Large-Scale Wide-Field Observation.[ 32] 2024 Paul F. Hoffman Canada born 1941 Proving Snowball Earth Accelerating Life Evolution and Plate Tectonics Dating Back to the First Half of Earth's History.
Year Laureate Country 1992 Yasutomi Nishizuka Japan 1932–2004 Elucidation of Intracellular Signal Transduction System through the Discovery and Functional Analysis of the Protein Kinase C[ 33] 1996 Mario Renato Capecchi United States born 1937 Production of Knockout Mice through the Development of Gene Targeting Technique and Outstanding Contribution to Elucidation of Gene Function[ 34] 2000 Walter Jakob Gehring Switzerland born 1939 Discovery of Conserved Developmental Mechanisms[ 35] 2004 Alfred G. Knudson United States 1922–2016 Seminal contribution to the establishment of the theory of the tumor suppressor gene in the mechanism of human carcinogenesis[ 36] 2008 Anthony James Pawson 1952–2013 Proposing and Proving the Concept of Adapter Molecules in the Signal Transduction[ 37] 2012 Yoshinori Ohsumi Japan born 1945 Outstanding Contribution to Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms and Physiological Significance of Autophagy, a Cellular Adaptive System to Environment[ 38] 2016 Tasuku Honjo Japan born 1942 Discovery of the Mechanism Responsible for the Functional Diversification of Antibodies, Immunoregulatory Molecules and Clinical Applications of PD-1[ 39] 2020 No award because of COVID-19 pandemic 2021 Robert G. Roeder United States born 1942 Discovery of the Principle of Gene Transcription Mechanisms in Eukaryotes[ 40]
Year Laureate Country 1988 Avram Noam Chomsky United States born 1928 Creation of the Theory of Generative Grammar and Substantial Contribution to the Formation and Development of Cognitive Science[ 41]
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