List of French peerages

Heraldic depiction of a duke's coronet, with blue bonnet of a peer
Coronet and mantle of a duke and peer of France, shown here with the collars of the Ordres du roi

For an explanation of the French peerage, see the article Peerage of France. Note that peerages and titles were distinct, and the date given for the extinction of the peerage is not necessarily the same as that of the extinction of the title. For more on noble titles and distinctions, see French nobility.

The "old peerages"

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The dates of the creation of the twelve peerages are obscure.

Title Documentary
identification
Notes
Duke of Reims 1216 held by the Archbishop of Reims
Duke of Laon ? held by the Bishop of Laon
Duke of Langres 1216 held by the Bishop of Langres
Count of Beauvais 1216 held by the Bishop of Beauvais
Count of Châlons 1216 held by the Bishop of Châlons
Count of Noyon 1216 held by the Bishop of Noyon
Duke of Normandy 1202 forfeit 1203
Duke of Aquitaine (Guyenne) 1202 forfeit 1203
Duke of Burgundy 1216 merged 1361
Count of Flanders 1224 ceded to the Holy Roman Empire 1531
Count of Champagne 1216 merged 1314
Count of Toulouse ? merged 1271

The "new peerages" (1259–1789)

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House of Capet

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Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes
Reign of Saint Louis IX (8 November 1226 - 25 August 1270)
Duke of Guyenne 1259 Plantagenet (House of Anjou) forfeit 1369 also forfeit 1294–1303 and 1347–1360; legitimate male line extinguished in 1499
Reign of Philip III (25 August 1270 - 5 October 1285)
none
Reign of Philip IV (5 October 1285 - 29 November 1314)
Count of Anjou 1297 Royal family merged 1328 for Charles, brother of King Philip IV
Count of Artois 1297 Artois (Royal family) ceded to the Holy Roman Empire 1530  
Reigns of Louis X (29 November 1314 - 5 June 1316) & John I (15–20 November 1316)
Count of Poitou 1314 Royal family merged 1316 for Philip, brother of King Louis X
Count of La Marche 1316 Royal family extinct 1321 for Charles, brother of King Philip V
Count of Évreux 1316 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404  
Reign of Philip V (20 November 1316 - 3 January 1322)
Count of Angoulême 1317 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404  
Count of La Marche 1321 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527  
Reign of Charles IV (3 January 1322 - 1 February 1328)
Count of Étampes 1327 Évreux (Royal family) given away 1381  
Duke of Bourbon 1327 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527  

House of Valois

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Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes
Reign of Philip VI (1 February 1328 - 22 August 1350)
Count of Beaumont-le-Roger 1328 Artois (Royal family) forfeit 1331  
Count of Maine 1331 Royal family merged 1350 for John, son of King Philip VI
Duke of Normandy 1332 Royal family merged 1350 for John, son of King Philip VI
Duke of Orléans 1344 Royal family extinct 1376 for Philip, son of King Philip VI
Count of Valois 1344 Royal family extinct 1376 for Philip, son of King Philip VI
Count of Nevers 1347 Royal family, Flanders extinct 1383 for Marguerite, daughter of King Philip V
Reign of John II (22 August 1350 - 8 April 1364)
Count of Mantes 1353 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404  
Count of Beaumont-le-Roger 1354 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404  
Duke of Normandy 1355 Royal family merged 1364 for Charles, son of King John II
Duke of Anjou 1356 Royal family extinct 1481 for Louis, son of King John II
Count of Poitou 1357 Royal family exchanged 1360 for John, son of King John II
Count of Mâcon 1359 Royal family exchanged 1360 for John, son of King John II
Count of Maine 1360 Royal family extinct 1481 for Louis, son of King John II
Duke of Berry 1360 Royal family extinct 1417 for John, son of King John II
Duke of Auvergne 1360 Royal family extinct 1521 for Jean, son of King John II
Duke of Touraine 1360 Royal family exchanged 1363 for Philip, son of King John II
Duke of Burgundy 1363 Royal family extinct 1477 for Philip, son of King John II
Reign of Charles V (8 April 1364 - 16 September 1380)
Count of Poitou 1369 Royal family extinct 1417 for John, son of King John II
Baron of Montpellier 1371 Évreux (Royal family) forfeit 1382  
Reign of Charles VI (16 September 1380 - 21 October 1422)
Duke of Touraine 1386 Royal family exchanged 1392 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Duke of Orléans 1392 Royal family merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Count of Valois 1392 Royal family elevated to a dukedom 1406 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Duke of Guyenne after 1392 Royal family extinct 1400 for Charles, son of King Charles VI
Count of Périgord 1399 Orléans (Royal family) sold 1397 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Duke of Guyenne after 1400 Royal family extinct 1415 for Louis, son of King Charles VI
Duke of Touraine 1401 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI
Duke of Alençon 1404 Alençon (Royal family) extinct 1525 forfeit 1458–1461, 1474–1476 and 1482–1483
Count of Soissons 1404 Orléans (Royal family) merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Baron of Coucy 1404 Orléans (Royal family) merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Duke of Nemours 1404 Évreux (Royal family) extinct 1503  
Castellan of Châtillon 1404 ?? ??  
Count of Rethel 1405 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1415  
Duke of Valois 1406 Royal family merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI
Count of Mortagne 1407 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI
Count of Mortain 1407 Évreux (Royal family) forfeit 1408  
Castellan of Evry-le-Châtel 1408 ?? ??  
Castellan of Jouy-le-Châtel 1408 ?? ??  
Count of Mortain 1414 Royal family extinct 1415 for Louis, son of King Charles VI
Duke of Berry 1416 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI
Duke of Touraine 1416 Royal family merged 1422 for Charles, son of King Charles VI
Duke of Berry 1417 Royal family merged 1422 for Charles, son of King Charles VI
Reign of Charles VII (21 October 1422 - 22 July 1461)
Duke of Touraine 1423 Douglas extinct 1440  
Count of Évreux 1427 Stewart exchanged after 1428  
Count of Saintonge 1428 Stewart For Sale  
Duke of Normandy 1436 Royal family extinct 1436 for Philip, son of King Charles VII
Duke of Guyenne 1436 Royal family extinct 1436 for Philip, son of King Charles VII
Count of Foix 1458 Foix, Albret, Bourbon merged 1589  
Count of Eu 1458 Artois (Royal family), Bourgogne, Cleves, Lorraine-Guise, Orléans, Bourbon extinct 1775  
Count of Nevers 1459 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1464  
Reign of Louis XI (22 July 1461 - 30 August 1483)
Duke of Berry 1461 Royal family exchanged 1465 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI
Count of Nevers 1464 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1491  
Duke of Normandy 1465 Royal family exchanged 1469 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI
Count of Mortain 1465 Royal family extinct 1474 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI
Duke of Guyenne 1469 Royal family extinct 1474 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI
Count of Villefranche 1480 Aragon extinct ???  
Reign of Charles VIII (30 August 1483 - 7 April 1498)
none
Reign of Louis XII (7 April 1498 - 1 January 1515)
Duke of Valois 1498 Angoulême (Royal family) merged 1515  
Count of Nevers 1505 Cleves elevated to a dukedom 1538  
Countess of Soissons 1505 Royal family merged 1515 for Claude, daughter of King Louis XII
Baronness of Coucy 1505 Royal family merged 1515 for Claude, daughter of King Louis XII
Duke of Nemours 1507 Foix extinct 1512  
Reign of Francis I (1 January 1515 - 31 March 1547)
Duke of Vendôme 1515 Bourbon (Royal family) merged 1589  
Duchess of Angoulême 1515 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I
Duchess of Anjou 1515 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I
Duke of Châtellerault 1515 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527  
Duchess of Valois 1516 Orléans (Royal family) extinct 1520  
Duchess of Berry 1517 Orléans (Royal family) extinct 1549  
Duke of Nemours 1524 Savoy extinct 1652 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I. Transferred to the grantee's brother in 1528
Duchess of Bourbon 1527 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I
Duchess of Châtellerault 1527 Savoy given away 1530  
Duke of Guise 1528 Lorraine extinct 1675  
Duchess of Auvergne 1528 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I
Duchess of Châtellerault 1530 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I
Duke of Nevers 1539 Albret, Cleves, Gonzaga sold 1659  
Duke of Montpensier 1539 Bourbon (Royal family) extinct 1608  
Duke of Orléans 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Duke of Angoulême 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Duke of Châtellerault 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Count of Clermont 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Count of La Marche 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Duke of Bourbon 1544 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I
Reign of Henry II (31 March 1547 - 10 July 1559)
Duke of Aumale 1547 Lorraine-Guise extinct 1631  
Duchess of Berry 1550 Royal family extinct 1574 for Marguerite, sister of King Henry II
Duke of Montmorency 1551 Montmorency forfeit 1632  
Duke of Albret 1556 Albret, Bourbon merged 1589 for Jeanne d'Albret, suo jure queen of Navarre
Reign of Francis II (10 July 1559 - 5 December 1560)
None
Reign of Charles IX (5 December 1560 - 30 May 1574)
Duke of Anjou 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Bourbon 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX
Count of Forez 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Alençon 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Château-Thierry 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Count of Perche 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Count of Meulan 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Count of Mantes 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Penthièvre 1569 Luxembourg, Lorraine, Bourbon-Vendôme extinct 1687  
Duke of Auvergne 1569 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Évreux 1569 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Count of Dreux 1569 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX
Duke of Mercœur 1569 Lorraine extinct 1712  
Duke of Uzès 1572 Crussol abolished 1790  
Duke of Mayenne 1573 Lorraine-Guise, Gonzaga sold 1654  
Reign of Henry III (30 May 1574 - 2 August 1589)
Duke of Saint-Fargeau 1574 Bourbon-Montpensier (Royal family) extinct 1693  
Duke of Anjou 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III
Duke of Touraine 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III
Duke of Berry 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III
Duke of Joyeuse 1581 Joyeuse, Lorraine-Guise extinct 1675  
Duke of Piney 1581 Luxembourg, Albert, Clermont, MontmorencyLuxembourg abolished 1790 also known as Duke of Luxembourg
Duke of Elbeuf 1581 Lorraine abolished 1790  
Duke of Retz 1581 Gondi extinct 1634  
Duke of Epernon 1581 La Valette extinct 1661  
Duke of Rethel 1581 Gonzaga sold 1658  
Duke of Hallwin 1588 Hallwin extinct 1611(?)  
Duke of Montbazon 1588 Rohan extinct 1593  
Duke of Ventadour 1589 Lévis extinct 1717  

House of Bourbon

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Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes
Reign of Henry IV (2 August 1589 - 14 May 1610 )
Duke of Montbazon 1595 Rohan abolished 1790  
Duke of Thouars 1599 La Trémoille abolished 1790  
Duke of Beaufort 1597 Estrées, Bourbon sold 1688 for the mistress of King Henry IV
Duke of Vendôme 1598 Bourbon extinct 1712 for Cesar, illegitimate son of King Henry IV
Duke of Biron 1598 Gontaut forfeit 1602  
Duke of Aiguillon 1600 Lorraine-Mayenne extinct 1621  
Duke of Rohan 1603 Rohan extinct 1638 for Henri, Duke of Rohan
Duke of Sully 1606 Béthune abolished 1790  
Duke of Fronsac 1608 Orléans-Longueville extinct 1631  
Duchess of Montpensier 1608 Bourbon (Royal family), Orléans extinct 1693  
Duke of Damville 1610 Montmorency forfeit 1632  
Reign of Louis XIII (14 May 1610 - 14 May 1643)
Duke of Hallwin 1611 Hallwin extinct 1620  
Duke of Châteauroux 1616 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) left the possession of this family by 1710  
Duke of Luynes 1619 Albert abolished 1790  
Duke of Lesdiguières 1620 Bonne, Créquy extinct 1711  
Duke of Bellegarde 1620 Saint-Lary extinct 1646  
Duke of Brissac 1620 Cossé abolished 1790  
Duke of Hallwin 1621 Hallwin, Schomberg extinct 1656  
Duke of Candale 1621 La Valette extinct 1639 peerage created for life with no territorial attachment
Duke of Chaulnes 1621 Albert extinct 1698  
Duke of Orléans 1626 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII
Duke of Chartres 1626 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII
Duke of Chevreuse 1627 Lorraine-Guise sold 1655  
Duke of Valois 1630 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII
Duke of Richelieu 1631 Plessis, Vignerot abolished 1790  
Duke of La Valette 1631 La Valette extinct 1661  
Duke of La Rochefoucauld 1631 La Rochefoucauld abolished 1790  
Duke of Montmorency 1633 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790 renamed Duke of Enghien in 1689
Duke of Retz 1634 Gondi extinct 1676  
Duke of Fronsac 1634 Plessis, Maillé-Brézé, Bourbon-Condé, Vignerot abolished 1790  
Duke of Aiguillon 1634 L'Age extinct 1635  
Duke of Saint-Simon 1635 Rouvroy extinct 1755  
Duke of La Force 1637 Caumont extinct 1755  
Duke of Aiguillon 1638 Vignerot, Plessis abolished 1790  
Duke of Albret 1641 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) given away 1651  
Duke of Valentinois 1642 Grimaldi extinct 1731  
Reign of Louis XIV (14 May 1643 - 1 September 1715)
Duke of Rohan 1648 RohanChabot abolished 1790 for Anne de Rohan-Chabot and her husband François, Prince of Soubise
Duke of Albret 1665 La Tour d'Auvergne abolished 1790  
Duke of Château-Thierry 1665 La Tour d'Auvergne abolished 1790  
Duke of Bourbon 1661 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790  
Duke of Orléans 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV
Duke of Chartres 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV
Duke of Valois 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV
Duke of Randan 1661 La Rochefoucauld-Randan, Foix de Candale extinct 1714  
Duke of Verneuil 1663 Bourbon extinct 1682 for Henry, illegitimate son of King Henry IV
Duke of Estrées 1663 Estrées de Lauzières extinct 1737  
Duke of Gramont 1663 Gramont abolished 1790  
Duke of La Meilleraye 1663 La Porte-Mazarin extinct 1738  
Duke of Rethel 1663 La Porte-Mazarin extinct 1738  
Duke of Villeroy 1663 Neufville abolished 1794  
Duke of Mortemart 1663 Rochechouart abolished 1790  
Duke of Poix 1663 Créquy extinct 1687  
Duke of Saint-Aignan 1663 Beauvilliers abolished 1790  
Duke of La Rocheguyon 1663 Plessis-Liancourt extinct 1674  
Duke of Tresmes 1663 Potier abolished 1790  
Duke of Noailles 1663 Noailles abolished 1790  
Duke of Coislin 1663 Cambout extinct 1732  
Duc de Choiseul 1665 Choiseul extinct 1705  
Duke of Aumont 1665 Aumont abolished 1790  
Duke of La Ferté-Senneterre 1666 Saint-Nectaire extinct 1703  
Duke of Montausier 1665 Saint-Maure extinct 1690  
Duchesse de La Vallière 1667 La Vallière, Bourbon given away 1698 for the mistress of King Louis XIV
Duke of Nemours 1672 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV
Duke of Saint-Cloud 1674 n/a abolished 1790 held by the Archbishop of Paris
Duke of Béthune-Charost 1690 Béthune abolished 1790  
Duke of Damville 1694 Bourbon sold 1719 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV
Duke of Montpensier 1695 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV
Duke of Aumale 1695 Bourbon sold 1773 for Louis-Auguste, legitimated son of King Louis XIV
Duke of Penthièvre 1697 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV
Duke of Châteauvillain 1703 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV
Duke of Guise 1704 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790  
Duke of Boufflers 1708 Boufflers extinct 1751  
Duke of Villars 1709 Brancas extinct 1777  
Duke of Harcourt 1709 Harcourt abolished 1790  
Duke of Alençon 1710 Royal family extinct 1714 for Charles, grandson of King Louis XIV
Duke of Angoulême 1710 Royal family extinct 1714 for Charles, grandson of King Louis XIV
Duke of Fitz-James 1710 Fitz-James abolished 1790  
Duke of Antin 1711 Pardaillan de Gondrin extinct 1757  
Duke of Rambouillet 1711 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV
Duke of Chaulnes 1711 Albert d'Ailly, Albert de Luynes abolished 1790  
Duke of Rohan-Rohan 1714 Rohan extinct 1787 for Hercule Meriadec de Rohan
Duke of Joyeuse 1714 Melun extinct 1724  
Duke of Hostun 1715 Hostun extinct 1755  
Reign of Louis XV (1 September 1715 - 10 May 1774)
Duke of Villars-Brancas 1716 Brancas abolished 1790  
Duke of Roannais 1716 Aubusson de La Feuillade extinct 1725  
Duke of Valentinois 1716 Goyon de Matignon, Grimaldi abolished 1790  
Duke of Nevers 1720 Mazarini-Mancini abolished 1790  
Duke of Biron 1723 Gontaut de Biron abolished 1793  
Duke of Lévis 1723 Lévis extinct 1734  
Duke of La Vallière 1723 La Baume Le Blanc extinct 1780  
Duke of Mercœur 1723 Bourbon-Conti (Royal family) sold 1770  
Duke of Châtillon 1736 Châtillon extinct 1762  
Duke of Fleury 1736 Rosset abolished 1790  
Duke of Gisors 1748 Fouquet extinct 1761  
Duke of Duras 1756 Durfort abolished 1790  
Duke of Stainville 1758 Choiseul extinct 1785  
Duke of La Vauguyon 1758 Quélen de Stuer de Caussade abolished 1790  
Duke of Praslin 1762 Choiseul abolished 1790  
Duke of Choiseul d'Amboise 1764 Choiseul extinct 1785  
Duchesse de Pompadour Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour, mistress of King Louis XVI
Duke of Anjou 1771 Royal family abolished 1790 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Angoulême 1773 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Auvergne 1773 Royal family exchanged 1778 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Mercœur 1773 Royal family exchanged 1778 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Alençon 1774 Royal family abolished 1790 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI
Reign of Louis XVI (10 May 1774 - 21 September 1792 + exec. 21 January 1793)
Duke of Clermont-Tonnerre 1775 Clermont-Tonnerre abolished 1790  
Duke of Berry 1776 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Châteauroux 1776 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI
Duke of Aumale 1776 Bourbon abolished 1790  
Duke of Gisors 1776 Bourbon abolished 1790  
Duke of Brunoy 1777 Royal family given away 1786 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI
Duchesse de Louvois 1777 Royal family abolished 1790 for Marie-Adélaïde and Sophie, daughters of King Louis XV (held jointly)
Duke of Aubigny 1777 Stuart, Lennox, Gordon abolished 1790  
Duke of Amboise 1787 Bourbon abolished 1790  
Duke of Choiseul 1787 Choiseul-Beaupré abolished 1790  
Duché de Coigny 1787 Franquetot abolished 1790 the last peerage created before the Revolution

Sources

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