Field marshal (Russian Empire)
Field marshal (General-feldmarshal, General-fel'dmarshal, General field marshal, or simply Fieldmarshal; Russian: Генерал-фельдмаршал) was, with the exception of Generalissimo, the highest military rank of the Russian Empire. It was a military rank of the 1st class in the Imperial Russian Army and equal to those of Chancellor and Active Privy Councillor, 1st class in civil service, and General Admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy.[1][2][3] After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the rank was abolished, alongside the Table of Ranks. In 1935 however, the Red Army introduced the equivalent rank of "Marshal of the Soviet Union" (Russian: Маршал Советского Союза) as the highest military rank of the Soviet Union, when ranks were restored under Stalin's rule.
Russian field marshals
[edit]The rank of field marshal was bestowed on the following 64 Imperial Russian Army officers:[4]
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Foreign field marshals
[edit]The rank of field marshal was also bestowed on several foreign citizens:
| Appointed | Portrait | Name | Lifespan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1700 |  |  Charles Eugène, Duc de Croy | 1651–1702 |
| 1762 |  |  Charles Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck | 1690–1774 |
| 1774 |  |  Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt | 1719–1790 |
| 1818[5] |  |  Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington | 1769–1852 |
| 1836 |  |  Josef Graf zu Radetzky von Radetz | 1766–1858 |
| 1837 |  | Archduke Johann of Austria | 1782–1859 |
| 1872 |  |  Helmuth Graf von Moltke | 1800–1891 |
| 1872 |  |  Archduke Albrecht of Austria | 1817–1895 |
| 1872 |  | Albert, Crown Prince of Saxony | 1828–1902 |
| 1872 |  | Prince Friedrich Karl Alexander of Prussia | 1801–1883 |
| 1872 |  | Prince Friedrich Karl Nikolaus of Prussia | 1828–1885 |
| 1872 | .jpg) | Prince Friedrich Heinrich Albrecht of Prussia | 1809–1872 |
| 1872 |  | Crown Prince Friedrich of Prussia | 1831–1888 |
| 1888[6] |  | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | 1859–1941 |
| 1910 | .jpg) |  King Nicholas I of Montenegro | 1841–1921 |
| 1912 |  |  King Carol I of Romania | 1839–1914 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Segrillo, Angelo (November 2016). "A First Complete Translation into English of Peter the Great's Original Table of Ranks: Observations on the Occurrence of a Black Hole in the Translation of Russian Historical Documents" (PDF). lea.vitis.uspnet.usp.br.
- ^ "Table of Ranks". Global Security. globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
- ^ "Peter the Great's Table of Ranks". The University of Virginia. faculty.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
- ^ (in Russian) Генерал-фельдмаршалы Российской империи
- ^ James William Edmund Doyle (1886). "Wellington". The Official Baronage of England: Showing the Succession, Dignities, and Offices of Every Peer from 1066 to 1885. Vol. 3. London: Longmans Green and Co. pp. 615–620.
- ^ Полное собрание законов Российской Империи. Собрание третье. Том VIII: 1888 год (Приказы № 4933–5685). Приказ №5356 от 14 июня 1888 года.