List of triplanes

Fokker Dr.I triplane replica

This is a list of aircraft types having triplane wings.

Type Country Date Role Status Notes
Albatros Dr.I Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Based on the Albatros D.V biplane.
Albatros Dr.II Germany 1918 Fighter Prototype Based on the Albatros D.X biplane.
American Flea USA c. 1939 Private Homebuilt Triplane variant of the Mignet Pou du Ciel. Lower wing plane is all-moving ailerons.
Armstrong Whitworth F.K.5 United Kingdom 1915 Fighter Prototype Never flown. Middle wing longer span than the others.
Armstrong Whitworth F.K.6 United Kingdom 1916 Fighter Prototype Middle wing longer span than the others.
Astoux-Vedrines France c. 1916 Experimental Prototype Wing incidence could be varied in flight. [1]
Austin Osprey United Kingdom 1918 Fighter Prototype
Aviatik 30.24 Austria-Hungary 1917 Fighter Prototype Based on the Aviatik (Berg) D.I biplane.
Avro 547 United Kingdom 1920 Transport Prototype 2 built. Based on the Avro 504, with a third wing added.
Battaille Triplane Belgium 1911 Prototype Designed by César Battaille [nl]. Several short flights or hops.
Bell Oionus I Canada 1910 Experimental Prototype Triplane variant of Bell's octahedral wing. Flown once.
Berliner Helicopter No.5 USA 1923 Experimental Prototype In 1923, the Helicopter incorporated triplane wings to allow for gliding in case of an engine failure.
Besson H-3 France 1921 Private [2] or Besson MB.12[3]
Besson H-5 France 1922 Transport flying boat Prototype
Besson H-6 France 1921 Patrol Mailplane. Lower wing the largest and top wing the smallest.
Besson LB France 1919 Patrol Flying boat
Besson HB.2 France
Besson MB-10 France
Besson MB-11 France
Besson Hydravion école France 1919 Flying boat, exhibited at the 1919 Paris Aero Show.
Blackburn Triplane United Kingdom 1917 Fighter Prototype Pusher propeller and boom-mounted empennage to allow an upwards-firing 2-pounder recoilless gun.
Boeing GA-1 USA 1920 Attack Production Heavily armoured twin. 10 ordered, not operational.
Bousson-Borgnis triplane France 1908 Bomber Canard. Failed to fly.
Bristol Braemar United Kingdom 1918 Bomber Prototype Mk II flown in 1919.
Bristol Pullman United Kingdom 1920 Transport Prototype The Bristol Pullman 14-seat transport variant flew in 1920.
Bristol Tramp United Kingdom 1921 Transport Prototype 2 built, never flown.
Caproni Ca.4 Italy 1914 Bomber Production Military designation of a line of bombers which would also see airliner variants. Types include the Ca.40,41,42,43,48,51,52,58,59.
Caproni Ca.40 Italy 1914 Bomber Prototype 3 built.
Caproni Ca.41 Italy 1918 Bomber Production Re-engined Ca.40.
Caproni Ca.42 Italy 1918 Bomber Production Re-engined Ca.41.
Caproni Ca.43 Italy 1918 Bomber Prototype Floatplane variant of the Ca.4.
Caproni Ca.48 Italy 1919 Transport Converted from surplus Ca.42.
Caproni Ca.49 Italy 1919 Transport Project Seaplane.[4]
Caproni Ca.51 Italy Bomber Ca.42 variant with biplane tail and tail gun.
Caproni Ca.52 Italy 1918 Bomber Production Ca.42 built for the RNAS. Six built.
Caproni Ca 53 Italy 1917 Bomber Prototype 1 completed, never flown. Preserved in the Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics.[5]
Caproni Ca.54 Italy 1919 Transport Conversion of the Caproni Ca 53.[4]
Caproni Ca.55 Italy 1920 Transport Seaplane derived from the Caproni Ca 54.[4]
Caproni Ca.58 Italy Transport Ca.48 re-engined with Fiat A.14 or Isotta Fraschini V.6.
Caproni Ca.59 Italy Transport Project Designation of Ca.58 intended for customers outside Italy.
Caproni Ca.60 Italy 1921 Transport Prototype The "Noviplano" was a triple tandem triplane which crashed on its maiden flight.
Caproni-Pensuti triplane Italy 1920 Private
Catron & Fisk CF-10 USA c. 1925 Transport
Curtiss 18-T USA 1918 Fighter Production Known variously as the "Wasp" and the "Kirkham".
Curtiss Autoplane USA 1917 Private Prototype Flying car. Flew only short hops.
Curtiss BT USA 1917 Utility Prototype Seaplane, referred to as the "Flying lifeboat" or "Baby T".
Curtiss Model FL USA 1917 Prototype Flying boat comprising Model F hull with Model L wings.
Curtiss GS-1 USA 1918 Fighter Prototype Floatplane.
Curtiss Model L USA 1916 Trainer Production Landplane and floatplane variants.
Curtiss Model S USA 1917 Fighter Production S-4 and S-5 were floatplanes.
Curtiss Model T USA 1916 Patrol Prototype Flying boat. Known as the "Wanamaker"
Curtiss-Judson Triplane USA 1917 Utility flying boat Operational Flying boat. Slightly enlarged triplane version of the standard Curtiss F-Boat.[6]
Curiss-Cox racer USA 1921 Private Operational Also called the "Cactus kitten", a one-off triplane conversion of Cox's "Texas wildcat".
Dorand 1908 triplane France 1908 Prototype Military triplane.
Dufaux triplane Switzerland 1908 Experimental Prototype Tandem triplane with biplane tail and tiltrotor. Failed to fly.
Dunne-Huntington Triplane UK 1910 or 1911 Experimental Prototype Not strictly a triplane but a three-surface aircraft, having a pair of tandem wings with a third set above and between them, but referred to as a "triplane" by its designer, J. W. Dunne.
DFW T.34 II Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Ellehammer triplane Denmark 1907 Experimental Prototype First powered triplane to fly.
Euler Dreidecker Type 1 Germany 1916 Trainer Prototype
Euler Dreidecker Type 2 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Later modified as a biplane.
Euler Dreidecker Type 3 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Later modified as a biplane.
Euler Dreidecker Type 4 Germany 1918 Fighter Prototype
Euler Dreidecker Type 5 Germany 1918 Fighter Prototype Triplane variant of the Euler Vierdecker quadruplane.
Faccioli Triplane Italy 1909 Experimental Prototype Crashed after a short hop.[7]
Farman Voisin France 1908 Experimental Prototype Original Voisin machine modified to a triplane.
Felixstowe Fury United Kingdom 1918 Long-range flying boat Prototype Flying boat. Also known as the Porte Super-Baby
Fokker Dr.1 Germany 1917 Fighter Production Braced variant of the V.4, first flown as the V.5
Fokker V.4 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Cantilever wings.
Fokker V.6 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Fokker V.8 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Tandem design, having a triplane fore wing, biplane rear wing and monoplane tail stabiliser.
Friedrichshafen FF.60 Germany 1918 Experimental Prototype Floatplane
Goupy No.1 France 1908 Experimental Prototype
Grade triplane Germany 1908 Experimental Prototype Hans Grade. first German-built aeroplane to fly
Groos triplane France 1909 Experimental Prototype Alfred Groos' second design was a triplane which failed to fly.[8]
Hansa-Brandenburg CC Triplane Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Seaplane. One-off triplane variant of production biplane.
Hansa-Brandenburg L.16 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Hansa-Brandenburg W.17 Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Seaplane. Cantilever bottom wing.
Labourdette-Halbronn H.T.1 France 1918 Bomber Prototype 1 flown. Twin-hulled flying boat.[9]
Labourdette-Halbronn H.T.2 France 1919 Bomber Prototype 2 flown. Development of the H.T.1 [9]
Levy-Besson Alerte France 1917 Patrol Production Flying boat. Centre wing longer than the others. 100 built, used for patrol and ASW bombing rather than the "Alerte" role.[10]
Levy-Besson 450-hp France 1918 Flying boat [11]
Levy-Besson 300-hp France c. 1918 Flying boat. Under construction in 1918 [11]
Levy-Besson 500-hp France c. 1918 Flying boat never completed?[11]
Levy-Besson High Seas France c. 1919 Production Flying boat. Production batch of 100 was cancelled after some had been completed.[12] Top and centre wings of equal span, bottom wing shorter.[13]
Levy Besson HB.2 France 1919
LFG Roland D.IV Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Also known as the Dr. I.
Lloyd 40.15 Austria-Hungary 1917 Fighter Prototype
Lohner Typ A Austria-Hungary 1917 Fighter Prototype Later redesignated the 111.04.
Mitsubishi 1MT Japan 1922 Bomber Production Navy Type 10.
Morane-Saulnier TRK France 1915 Bomber Prototype 1 built.
Naval Aircraft Factory Giant Boat USA 1919 Patrol Prototype Flying boat. Never completed.
Nieuport 10 Triplane France 1915 Fighter Prototype Extreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport 17 Triplane France 1916 Fighter Prototype Extreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport 17bis Triplane France 1917 Fighter Prototype Extreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport London UK 1920 Bomber Prototype Planned night bomber
Oeffag Type CF Austria-Hungary 1918 Fighter Prototype
Parnall Possum UK 1923 Experimental Prototype Research into centrally-mounted engine.
Pfalz Dr-Typ Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Based on the Pfalz D.III biplane.
Pfalz Dr.I Germany 1918 Fighter Prototype Pre-series batch of 10 delivered.
Pfalz Dr.II Germany 1918 Fighter Prototype
Richter triplane Germany 1923 Private Prototype Hang-glider. One of several types flown by Hans Richter having varying numbers of planes.
Rodjestveisky triplane Russia 1911 Experimental Prototype
Roe I Triplane United Kingdom 1909 Experimental Prototype Has been described as a tandem triplane due to its relatively large triplane aft plane.[14]
Roe II Triplane United Kingdom 1910 Experimental Prototype 2 built.
Roe III Triplane United Kingdom 1910 Private Production Small number sold.
Roe IV Triplane United Kingdom 1910 Experimental Prototype
Sablatnig SF.4Dr Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype Floatplane. Redesigned triplane variant of the SF.4 biplane.
Schukowski KOMTA [de] Soviet Union 1922 Bomber
Schütte-Lanz Dr.I Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Siemens-Schuckert Dr.I Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Siemens-Schuckert DDr.I Germany 1917 Fighter Prototype
Sopwith Cobham United Kingdom 1919 Bomber Prototype 3 flown
Sopwith Hispano-Suiza Triplane United Kingdom 1916 Fighter Prototype 2 flown.
Sopwith L.R.T.Tr. United Kingdom 1916 Fighter Prototype Combined escort fighter and airship interceptor.
Sopwith Rhino United Kingdom 1917 Bomber Prototype 2 flown
Sopwith Snark United Kingdom 1919 Fighter Prototype 3 flown
Sopwith Triplane United Kingdom 1916 Fighter Production First military triplane in service.
Stringfellow triplane United Kingdom 1868 Experimental Project John Stringfellow showed his design at the world's first aeronautical exhibition, at the Crystal Palace, London.
Tarrant Tabor United Kingdom 1919 Bomber Prototype Crashed on its maiden flight.
Voisin Triplane France 1916 Bomber Prototype 3 flown
Witteman-Lewis XNBL-1 USA 1923 Bomber Prototype Also known as "Barling Bomber". Same designer as Tabor.
W.K.F. 80.05 Austria-Hungary 1917 Fighter Prototype

References

[edit]
Citations
  1. ^ Davilla 1997, p. 46.
  2. ^ "Besson canard". www.aviafrance.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
  3. ^ "Besson mb12". www.aviafrance.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
  4. ^ a b c Mulder, R.; (2009), The civilian transport aircraft of Caproni (1918-1939) Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  5. ^ "Caproni Ca.53" (in Italian). Museo dell'Aeronautica Gianni Caproni. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  6. ^ Johnson, E. R. (2009); American Flying Boats and Amphibious Aircraft: An Illustrated History, Page 304.
  7. ^ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 68.
  8. ^ Bretagne Aviation
  9. ^ a b Davilla 1997, p. 287.
  10. ^ Davilla 1997, p. 301.
  11. ^ a b c Davilla 1997, p. 302.
  12. ^ Davilla 1997, p. 303.
  13. ^ Murphy, J.; Military Aircraft, Origins to 1918: An Illustrated History of Their Impact (2005), ABC-CLIO Ltd, Page 192.
  14. ^ "A. V. Goes Back" Flight, 2 July 1954, p.2
Bibliography
  • Angelucci, E.; Matricardi, P. (1977). World Aircraft - Origins-World War 1. London: Sampson Low.
  • Davilla, James (1997). French aircraft of the first World War. Flying Machines Press.
  • Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994). The complete book of fighters. Salamander. ISBN 978-0-8317-3939-3.
  • Jane, F.T. All the World's Aircraft 1913 (1913). London: Sampson Low, facsimile reprint David & Charles, 1969.
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