Police Complaints Authority (India)

Police Complaints Authority (PCA) is a body that adjudicates allegations of improper or shoddy investigations, refusal to file FIRs, custodial torture[1] and high-handedness against the police.[2][3] But its recommendations are high authorities and recognised governmental authority upon the state government for action against errant police personnel.[4][5] Seventeen States have established the PCAs through State Police Acts, while ten states have done this through executive orders with a long-term goal of the PCAs is changing the policing culture and making it thoroughly professional.[6]

History

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The Police Complaints Authority were to be established at the state and district levels following the judgement by the 2006 Supreme Court of India, in the Prakash Singh and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors. AIR 2006 SCC 1 Case,[7] in response to the huge volume of complaints against the police and the endemic lack of accountability.[8][9]

State Police Complaints Authority

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State Police Complaints Authority makes recommendations to government for taking disciplinary action against erring police officers.[10]

Elected members of PCA will be seated at their respective posts by Thursday 29 August in their respective District Council hall. Programs have been fixed by Aayog Commissions of India and posts will be given in presence of District Higher Officials.

Assam Police Accountability Commissioner

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Main article: [[:Assam Police]]

BP Katakey is the Chairperson of this Assam Police Accountability Commission. In 2018, there were 288 public complaints on various counts against police personnel from across Assam including 143 of alleged police inaction or negligence.[11]

Chandigarh Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Chandigarh Police

In February 2020, inspector Baljeet Singh, former SHO of Mauli Jagran station was appointed as the in-charge of the Police Complaints Authority (PCA) in Chandigarh.[12][13][14][15] There is also UT vigilance department in Chandigarh.[16]

Delhi Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Delhi Police

In February 2019, PCA is working under the chairmanship of Justice P S Teji (retd) and other members are Nutan Guha Biswas, IAS (retd), P Kamraj, IPS (retd) and Tinu Bajwa. Official e-mail for complaints is pca.delhi@nic.in/ and website is pca.delhigovt.nic.in.[17][18]

Haryana Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Haryana Police

Up to 2019, 681 complaints received by the authority with staff strength of three persons.[19][20]

Jammu and Kashmir Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Jammu and Kashmir Police

Ministry of Home Affairs may like to have one Police Complaints Authority for the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir and Union Territory of Ladakh keeping in view various aspects including single police force for both the UTs.[21]

Karnataka Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Karnataka Police

Justice C R Kumaraswamy was appointed of chairperson of the Karnataka Police Complaints Authority.[22] Public need to submit the complaint by contacting on phone number 08262 230403 or by mailing to dpcackm@karnataka.gov.in in case of complaints against deputy superintendent of police and police personnel of lower ranks and contacting on phone number 080 22386063 and visiting www.karnataka.gov.in/spca for complaints against the superintendent and officials of higher ranks.[23]

Kerala Police complaints authority

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Main article: Kerala Police

In December 2018, Kerala Legislative Assembly, to overcome a 2017 HC verdict that the orders passed by the KPA chairperson or members without the quorum are invalid, passed the Kerala Police (Amendment) Bill 2018 enabling the PCA chairperson or one or more members, both in the state and district bodies, to dispose of petitions.[24] Kerala Police complaints Authority's chairman is Justice V K Mohanan and it has no investigation wing to conduct probe into the complaints.[25] The post of the Chief Investigation Officer (CIO) was sanctioned to investigate custodial violence in 2016, but no progress has been made. Despite three government notifications being published for the recruitment of a Chief Investigation Officer (CIO) of the State Police Complaints Authority (SPCA) in Kerala, the CIO has not been recruited so far, pointing to bureaucratic rigmarole and lack of clarity from the state Home Department in conducting recruitment to a position notified as far back in 2016. Among the three published notifications, the second and third notifications were published when the first and second notifications were prevailing, pointing to a disarray in the Home Department.[26]

Maharashtra State Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Maharashtra Police

Up till February 2020, authority received 1490 complaints against the police.[27] In 2014, Government Resolution was issued to establish the State PCA.[28] In March 2020, Bombay High Court Justice (retd) Shrihari P Davare was appointed the new chairperson of the Maharashtra State Police Complaints Authority whereas Ashish Paswan elected as Directorate of special security Maharashtra in 2022.

Punjab Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Punjab Police (India)

In October 2019, Government cleared appointments to be made to the State Police Complaints Authority and Divisional Police Complaints Authorities under 'The Punjab Police Act, 2007,' approving the Punjab Police (Appointment of Chairperson and Members of Complaints Authorities), Rules, 2019.[29] In January 2020, retired IAS officer[30] (instead of retired judge[31]) NS Kalsi was appointed as chairman of Police Complaints Authority (PCA) for three years[32][33] from 8 applicants.[34] As per Punjab state human rights commission records, from 1997 to August 2018, 54 per cent (1.44 lakh) of the total 2.63 lakh human rights violations complaints received by it were against police officials which included complaints of abuse of power, false implication in any case and unlawful detention.[35]

Tamil Nadu Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Tamil Nadu Police

In Tamil Nadu, a Government Order was issued on 14 November 2019 for the constitution of the State level as well as district level police complaints authorities in accordance with Chapter IV of the Tamil Nadu Police (Reforms) Act of 2013.[36][37]

Telangana Police Complaints Authority

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Main article: Telangana State Police

In February 2020, Telangana High Court bench directed the state government to frame rules and regulations pertaining to the constitution of SSC and PCA by 6 March.[38][39]

Criticism

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Police Complaints Authorities are currently considered lame-duck institutions[40] that lacks bite[41] with the diluted provisions of the Authority.[42] It is often criticised for delay in justice.[43] Recent updates 2023 - Mass.Manoj Kumawat based from pune had recently been appointed as Police Complaints Authority for District Level Post. Chairperson has sent his application to Ministry Of Home Affairs to conduct the further process of appointment to the State Govt. Police Complaints Authority.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Probe team at Nedumkandam". The Hindu. 4 July 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  2. ^ "Police Complaints Authority to Be Constituted to Deal with Custodial Violence Charges". The Wire. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  3. ^ "A law alone will not serve as a panacea against torture by police in India". The Indian Express. 18 October 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  4. ^ "Why states need an independent, effective Police Complaints Authority". Hindustan Times. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Maharashtra Police Complaints Authority gets new chairperson, other members yet to be appointed". The Indian Express. 5 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  6. ^ MATHEW, V. VENKATESAN & SHIVANGI (9 August 2019). "Police reforms still largely only on paper". Frontline. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  7. ^ "Prakash Singh Vs Union of India Judgement Copy" (PDF). Article 51A.
  8. ^ Police Complaints Authorities in India - A Rapid Study (PDF) (Thesis). Retrieved 19 November 2015.
  9. ^ "The Laws That Could Ensure Police Accountability and How They've Been Ignored". The Wire. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  10. ^ "SPCA recommends action against two IPS officers based in Mumbai". The Indian Express. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  11. ^ "288 Public complaints against Assam Police in 2018". The Sentinel. 2 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  12. ^ "Graft-tainted inspector is police watchdog chief in Chandigarh". Hindustan Times. 28 February 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  13. ^ Pioneer, The. "In Brief". The Pioneer. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  14. ^ Service, Tribune News. "Will furnish documents on Feb 24, cops assure PCA". The Tribune. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  15. ^ "Chandigarh: 'PCA is not against police dept, it is for enquiry into allegations concerning serious misconduct'". The Indian Express. 4 December 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  16. ^ "Chandigarh: PCA writes to UT, slams police for not producing record before it". The Indian Express. 22 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  17. ^ Legal, India (26 February 2019). "Much-awaited Police Complaints Authority starts functioning in national capital". India Legal. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  18. ^ "Justice (Retd) Teji appointed chairman of Police Complaints Authority". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 26 February 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  19. ^ Saini, Manvir (December 2019). "Haryana Police complaints body running headless: Govt auditor". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  20. ^ Service, Tribune News. "Govt fast-tracks appointments to police complaints authority". The Tribune. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  21. ^ Excelsior, Daily (15 September 2019). "MHA likely to establish Police Complaints Authority in J&K UT". Daily Excelsior. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  22. ^ Reddy, Y. Maheswara. "Police watchdog makes way for mining-tainted minister Anand P Singh". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  23. ^ "Police Complaint Authority gets new office-bearers". Deccan Herald. 5 July 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  24. ^ "Now, Kerala Police Complaints Authority can conduct more sittings". The New Indian Express. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  25. ^ "Police complaints authority to get independent probe officer". The New Indian Express. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  26. ^ "No independent chief probe officer at police plaints authority yet". The New Indian Express. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
  27. ^ "Mumbai: A 'sleeper' police complaint cell". Free Press Journal. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  28. ^ "State fails to renew Police Complaint Authority contract". mid-day. 9 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  29. ^ "Punjab Cabinet paves way for appointments to various police complaint authorities". United News of India. 24 October 2019.
  30. ^ India, Times of (14 January 2020). "HC asks Punjab why it prefers bureaucrats". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  31. ^ "HC questions state govt on Police Complaints Authority". Hindustan Times. 13 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  32. ^ "Retired IAS officer NS Kalsi appointed police complaints authority chief". Hindustan Times. 23 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  33. ^ "NS Kalsi joins as Punjab Police Complaints Authority chief". The Indian Express. 24 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  34. ^ "Punjab: Former DGP, Secy among 8 applicants for chairperson post of state police complaints authority". The Indian Express. 9 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  35. ^ Verma, Sanjeev (26 September 2019). "13 years after Supreme Court order, Punjab to get Police Complaints Authority". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  36. ^ S, Mohamed Imranullah (4 December 2019). "'Police Complaints Authority constituted in TN'". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  37. ^ Staff Reporter (4 December 2018). "HC seeks status report on police complaints authority". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  38. ^ Vamshidhara, Vujjini (5 February 2020). "Telangana High Court grills govt on cop bodies". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  39. ^ "'Set up State Security panel in one month'". The New Indian Express. 31 December 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  40. ^ Kumar, N. Dilip (6 March 2020). "Power and responsibility". Millennium Post. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  41. ^ Staff Reporter (9 February 2019). "Karnataka State Police Complaints Authority lacks bite". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  42. ^ "No police reforms despite SC order". The Sunday Guardian Live. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  43. ^ Ganapatye, Shruti. "One year, 7 hearings: Police complaint authority draws flak for delay in justice". Mumbai Mirror. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
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