Standard Eight

Standard Eight
Standard 8hp Saloon of 1946
Overview
Manufacturer	Standard-Triumph
Production	1938–1959
Chronology
Predecessor	none
Successor	Triumph Herald

The Standard Eight is a small car produced by the British Standard Motor Company from 1938 to 1959.

The car was originally launched in 1938 as the Flying Eight. After the Second World War the Flying range of Standards was dropped but an updated car called the 8 hp was re-introduced in 1945. In 1953 a completely new car, the Standard Eight was launched sharing virtually nothing with its predecessor. In 1959 the car was dropped to be replaced by the Triumph Herald, as the Standard brand was being phased out.

Standard Flying Eight
1939 Standard Flying Eight Saloon
Overview
Production	1938–1941
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door saloon tourer drophead coupé
Powertrain
Engine	1021 cc I4[1]
Transmission	3-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	83 in (2,100 mm)[2]
Length	139 in (3,500 mm)[2]
Width	56 in (1,400 mm)[2]

The Flying Eight was the smallest member of the Standard Flying family. It was launched by the Standard Motor Co Ltd late September 1938, prior to the 1938 Motor Show at Earls Court in October of that year.^[3] Apart from the power unit, it was a brand new design,^[4] and marked Standard's first entry into the smallest 8 hp market.^[5][6]

The chassis frame was all new, with box section longitudinals, and independent front suspension (ifs) by a transverse leaf spring. It was the first British 8 hp family car to feature ifs.^[7] At the same time, an updated Flying Ten and a Flying Twelve were introduced, incorporating the same chassis features.^[8] The engine was a development of the previous Flying Nine/Ten,^[9] but now with a counterbalanced crankshaft^{[citation needed]} and an aluminium cylinder head.^[10] The bore was reduced to 57 mm in order to get into the 8 hp class, while the stroke remained at 100 mm. At 1,021 cc swept volume, maximum power was quoted to 31 bhp at 4,000 rpm.^[7] A 3-speed gearbox was used,^[7] as well as Bendix mechanical brakes operated by cables.

Two versions were available from the launch of the model: A two-door all-steel saloon, and a 2/4-seat open tourer. The former body was built for Standard by Fisher & Ludlow at a newly erected plant at Tile Hill, Coventry.^[4] The open tourer bodies were built by Carbodies at Holyhead Road, Coventry,^[11] and these cars were probably also assembled there. These tourers featured cut-down door tops,^[11] and a fold-flat windscreen.

Around the turn of the year 1938/39 a drophead coupe became available. This body was built for Standard by Mulliners of Birmingham, who were already building drophead bodies for the Standard Flying Twelve. The initiative for this version probably came from Mulliner's and not from Standard themselves, as it appeared 4–5 months after the original saloon and tourer versions.^[12]

The prewar production ledger has not survived. The saloon and tourer prototypes (DDU 514 and −516 respectively) were both registered on 15 February 1938. However, series production of the saloons at Standard's Canley plant seems to have commenced early September 1938, and it seems probable that 23,069 home market (RHD) saloons had been assembled by the end of August 1939 (end of company's 1938/39 financial year). The number of home market open tourers seem to be 1,500 (two batches of 1,000 and 500 respectively). Assembly of these seem to have begun in early November 1938, and continued uninterrupted until about July 1939. Number of drophead coupes were certainly less than 1,000 – only one proper batch of 500 has been identified. 550 left hand drive (LHD) completely knocked down (CKD) sets were supplied to Denmark for assembly by their importers, Bohnstedt-Petersen AS in Copenhagen. 500 of these were saloons, 50 were open tourers. CKD sets were also supplied to Australia, and assembled there by Mortlocks of Perth. For open tourers they used locally built bodies by Richards. The number of Flying Eights assembled in Australia is unknown. Production at Standard's Canley plant continued into the early weeks of 1940. The highest chassis number now known is 33433, a saloon first registered on 11.7.1940. The Glass Guide quotes 34,601 as the final pre-war (saloon?) chassis number.^[13]

Performance

The saloon was road tested by The Autocar magazine in their issue of 30 September 1938, and the drophead in the issue of 26 May 1939. Both recorded top speeds very close to 62 mph (100 km/h), and standing start 0–50 mph acceleration figures of 26.2 sec and 25.3 sec respectively – the drophead being 57 lb (26 kg) lighter than the saloon.^[14]

Prices

The tourer was priced at £125, the saloon at £129, the saloon de luxe at £139,^[11] and the drophead at £159.

• 
  1939 Standard Flying Eight Drop-Head Coupé
• 
  1939 Standard Flying Eight Open Tourer

Standard 8 hp
Standard 8hp Tourer of 1947
Overview
Also called	Standard 4/8A
Production	1945–1948 53,099 made[15]
Assembly	United Kingdom Australia[16]
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door saloon tourer drophead coupé estate car
Powertrain
Engine	1009 cc I4[17]
Transmission	Four-speed manual[18]
Dimensions
Wheelbase	83 in (2,108 mm)[2]
Length	139 in (3,531 mm)[2]
Width	56 in (1,422 mm)[2]

The 8 hp model, now without the Flying name, was rapidly re-introduced after the Second World War with the first models appearing within ten days of VE day. It is sometimes referred to as the Standard 4/8A.^[19] The only major update from the pre-war model involved the fitting of a 4-speed gearbox. The cylinder bore was reduced to 56.7 mm, giving 1,009 cc swept volume while dropping the tax horsepower rating from 8.06 to 7.98 as the rules for rounding off numbers had been changed.^[19] Maximum power was now quoted to 28 bhp at 4,000 rpm. The absence of bonnet louvres on the 8 hp model provided visual differentiation from the pre-war Flying Eight. The pre-war tourer body by Carbodies was dropped, being replaced by a new tourer body in the form of a simplified drophead coupe, with cut-down door tops, detachable sidescreens and a fixed windscreen frame.^[17] Estate cars were produced in 1948 only and were not on general sale.^[17]

The car was pitched by Standard against the Austin 8 and Morris Eight rivals and was priced at £314.

After this version of the 8 was phased out, Standard-Triumph's next small car was the Triumph Mayflower. It was only after this model had failed to meet its sales targets that a new Standard Eight was launched.

• 
  Standard 8 Saloon 1947/48

Standard Eight
Overview
Also called	Vanguard Cadet[20]
Production	1953–1959 136,317 made[15]
Designer	Vic Hammond
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door saloon
Powertrain
Engine	803 cc SC OHV I4
Transmission	Four-speed manual optional overdrive
Dimensions
Wheelbase	84 in (2,134 mm)[21]
Length	144 in (3,658 mm)[21]
Width	60 in (1,524 mm)[21]

The 1953 Eight was a completely new car with unit construction and the new Standard SC overhead valve engine. It was offered only as a 4-door saloon. The new overhead valve engine of 803 cc produced slightly less power than the outgoing larger side-valve unit with 26 bhp at 4500 rpm but this was increased to 30 bhp at 5000 rpm in 1957. The 4-speed gearbox, with synchromesh on the top three ratios, was available with optional overdrive from March 1957. Girling hydraulic drum brakes were fitted.

To keep prices down, the car at launch was very basic with sliding windows, single windscreen wiper and no external boot lid. Access to the boot was by folding down the rear seat, which had the backrest divided in two (an innovation copied in saloons from late 1980s onward to extend their boot-space into the passenger-compartment). The 1954 De luxe got wind up windows and the Gold Star model of 1957 an opening boot lid. From mid-1955 all the Eights finally got wind up windows. At launch the car cost £481 including taxes on the home market.^[22]

An example tested by The Motor magazine in 1953 had a top speed of 61 mph (98 km/h) and could accelerate from 0–50 mph (80 km/h) in 26.5 seconds. A fuel consumption of 43 miles per imperial gallon (6.6 L/100 km; 36 mpg_‑US) was recorded.^[22]

The Standard Ten of 1954 shared the bodyshell and running gear and would outlast the Eight by continuing until 1961.

The Eight was replaced in 1959 by the Triumph Herald, which used a slightly enlarged version of the same engine.

A Standard 4/8A Tourer is driven by the main characters in the 1951 film, The Man from Planet X.^[23]

• Culshaw, David; Horrobin, Peter (2013) [1974]. The Complete Catalogue of British Cars 1895 – 1975 (e-book ed.). Poundbury, Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. ISBN 978-1-845845-83-4.
• Davis, Pedr (1986). The Macquarie Dictionary of Motoring.
• Robson, G. (2006). A-Z of British Cars 1945–1980. Herridge Books. ISBN 0-9541063-9-3.
• Robson, Graham (May 2011). The Book of the Standard Motor Company. Poundbury, Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. ISBN 978-1-845843-43-4. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
• Sedgwick, Michael; Gillies, Mark (1993). A-Z of Cars of the 1930s. Haymarket Publishing. p. 186.
• Sedgwick, Michael; Gillies, Mark (1994). A-Z of Cars 1945–1970. Haymarket Publishing.
• Walker, Nick (2011). A-Z of British Coachbuilders 1919 – 1960 (revised ed.). Bay View Books. ISBN 978-0-9549981-6-5.

• Allen, Michael (1985). British Family Cars of the Fifties. Haynes Publishing. ISBN 0-85429-471-6.

• Standard Motor Club
• Vanguard Phase III Owners club
• Standard Flying Eight Tourer Site

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