Ulmus 'Hamburg'
| Ulmus 'Hamburg' | |
|---|---|
| Genus | Ulmus |
| Cultivar | 'Hamburg' |
| Origin | US |
The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus 'Hamburg' was originally raised by the Plumfield Nurseries, Fremont, Nebraska, circa 1932, after its discovery by Mr. Lloyd Moffet in a bed of Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila seedlings from Tekamah.[1] It was later marketed by Interstate Nurseries, Hamburg, Iowa, from 1948, as 'Interstate's New Hamburg Hybrid Elm'. Green stated that it was originally said be a hybrid of Ulmus pumila (female parent) and Ulmus americana,[2] but the Hamburg Nurseries of Iowa made no such claim for it in their catalogues from 1948 onwards.[3][4][5] It is now considered more likely that Ulmus rubra was the male parent, as it was also known as 'Hybrid Chinese Elm',[2] and therefore probably synonymous with Plumfield Nurseries' 'Hybrid elm' of the same date, a known crossing of U. pumila and U. rubra,[6][7] – and so, perhaps, also synonymous with Ulmus × intermedia 'Fremont', an elm of the same parentage found a little later in Plumfield Nurseries.
An U. pumila × U. rubra parentage would, by present classification, make the cultivar Ulmus × intermedia 'Hamburg' .
A similar erroneously conjectured crossing with U. americana occurred at Plumfield Nurseries in the 1930s, with their so-called "Wheatley hybrid elm" (apparently not the European 'Wheatley'), briefly marketed in 1934: "Our variety, an attractive round-headed rapid growing tree, with medium sized glossy leaves; originally imported from Holland and hybridized with American white elm, Ulmus americana ".[8]
Description
[edit]'Hamburg' has been described as a hardy, very rapid grower, with much stronger branching than the Siberian Elm.[9][10] Hamburg Nurseries described it as "a shapely tree with large, dark green leaves".[5] Leaves 3 to 4.5 inches long, 1.5 to 2 inches wide.[11]
Pests and diseases
[edit]'Hamburg' had not (by 1995) been widely tested for resistance to Dutch elm disease.[9]
Cultivation
[edit]Largely confined to the United States, several were introduced to the UK. A tree in Exeter University Botanic Gardens, Exeter, Devon, however, at one time listed as 'Hamburg Hybrid' (TROBI Champion, 17 m high, 55 cm d.b.h.), has since been found to be Ulmus laevis. 'Hamburg' is not known to have been introduced to Australasia.
Notable trees
[edit]Two well-grown specimens, planted in 1953 and therefore among the earliest specimens sourced from the Hamburg Nurseries, stand (2022) in Arnold Arboretum, Massachusetts, USA.[11]
Synonymy
[edit]- 'Hamburg Hybrid Elm': Interstate Nurseries, Hamburg, Iowa, Catalogue, Spring 1949.
- 'Hybrid Chinese Elm': Plumfield Nurseries, Fremont, Nebraska.[7]
Accessions
[edit]- North America
- Arnold Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 520–53, 666–50.
References
[edit]- ^ 'Interstate's New Hamburg Hybrid Elm'; Inter-State Nurseries, Hamburg, Iowa : spring 1950 catalogue; p.34
- ^ a b Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
- ^ 'Interstate's New Hamburg Hybrid Elm'; Inter-State Nurseries spring 1948 catalogue; p.34
- ^ 1949 Photograph of young 'Hamburg': 'Interstate's New Hamburg Hybrid Elm'; Inter-State Nurseries, Hamburg, Iowa : spring 1949 catalogue; p.34
- ^ a b Inter-State Nurseries, Hamburg, Iowa : spring 1950 catalogue; p.34
- ^ Plumfield Nurseries, Fremont, Nebraska, 1942 catalogue, p.20
- ^ a b Plumfield Nurseries, Fremont, Nebraska, 1943 catalogue, p.22
- ^ L.A. Moffet, manager, Plumfield Nurseries, Fremont, Nebraska: Wholesale trade list for nurserymen, florists and dealers: February 10, 1934; p12
- ^ a b Santamour, Frank S.; Bentz, Susan E. (May 1995). "Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America". Journal of Arboriculture. 21 (3): 122–131. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- ^ Ulmus 'Hamburg' in Handbuch der Ulmengewächse, www.ulmen-handbuch.de [1]
- ^ a b U. rubra x U. pumila ('Hamburg'); ulmen-handbuch.de