1977–78 Australian region cyclone season

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1977–78 Australian region cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed6 November 1977
Last system dissipated11 April 1978
Strongest storm
NameAlby
 • Maximum winds205 km/h (125 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure930 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Tropical lows9
Tropical cyclones9
Severe tropical cyclones4
Total fatalities>5
Total damage$45 million (1978 USD)
Related articles
Australian region tropical cyclone seasons
1975–76, 1976–77, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80

The 1977–78 Australian region cyclone season was a below average tropical cyclone season.

Systems

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Tropical Cyclone Tom

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Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration6 November – 11 November
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Cyclone Sam–Celimene

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Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration13 December – 14 December (exited basin)
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
1003 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Cyclone Trudy

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Category 4 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration10 January – 20 January
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
954 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Cyclone Vern

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Category 3 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration27 January – 3 February
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
964 hPa (mbar)

Cyclone Vern formed on 27 January from one of several low pressure centres within a trough that extended from the Cocos Islands eastward across northern Australia to Queensland. Over the period of a couple days, the strong northwesterly monsoonal flow to the north of the trough interacted with the strengthening easterly winds of a high-pressure area moving into the Great Australian Bight. As a result, one of the lows rapidly deepening into a tropical cyclone off the Kimberley coast. After initially moving tracking westward out to sea, the storm executed an anticyclonic loop and proceeded to move eastward. Then, early on 31 January, while located about 250 km (155 mi) northwest of Broome, Vern took a sharp turn toward the southeast then south. It continued in that general direction until it made landfall near Anna Plains at about 03:00 GMT, 1 February, with winds of about 145 km/h (90 mph). Inland, the system tracked southwestward then to the south again, causing flooding and minor damage, before dissipating on 3 February over the Pilbara.[1]

Tropical Cyclone Gwen

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Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration25 February – 27 February
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
987 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Cyclone Winnie

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Category 4 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration16 March – 29 March
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min);
945 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Cyclone Alby

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Category 5 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
Duration27 March – 5 April
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
930 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Alby

On 27 March, a tropical depression developed in the eastern Indian Ocean between Indonesia and Australia. It drifted to the southwest, and slowly strengthened into a tropical storm on 29 March. Alby continued slowly southwestward, and attained cyclone status on 30 March. The rate of intensification, which was slower earlier in its life, became more steady towards strengthening, and reached the equivalent of Category 3 status on 1 April. Tropical Cyclone Alby turned more to the south, and quickly reached a peak of 135 mph (217 km/h) later on 1 April. After maintaining its strength for 30 hours, Alby weakened as it turned to the southeast. Its forward momentum increased over the southeast Indian Ocean, and Alby was only an 85 mph (137 km/h) cyclone as it passed off the southwest coast of Australia on 4 April. It continued rapidly to the southeast, and became extra-tropical on 5 April while south of the continent.

On 4 April, Tropical Cyclone Alby passed close to the southwest corner of Western Australia, killing five people and causing widespread but mostly minor damage to the southwest. The damage bill was estimated to be $39 million (2003 dollars). A man was blown from the roof of a shed and a woman was killed by a falling pine tree. Another man was killed when a tree fell on the bulldozer he was operating and two men drowned when their dinghy overturned at Albany. Storm surge and destructive waves caused coastal inundation and erosion from Perth to Busselton, damaging the Busselton Jetty and Fremantle Harbour. Fires fanned by the strong winds burned an estimated 1,140 km2 (440 sq mi) of forest and farming land.

Tropical Cyclone Brenda

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Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration5 April – 14 April
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Cyclone Hal

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Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
Duration6 April – 11 April (exited basin)
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

See also

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  • Atlantic hurricane seasons: 1977, 1978
  • Eastern Pacific hurricane seasons: 1977, 1978
  • Western Pacific typhoon seasons: 1977, 1978
  • North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1977, 1978

References

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  1. ^ Tropical Cyclone Vern 27/01/1978 to 03/02/1978 (PDF) (Report). Melbourne, Victoria: Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
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