2020 Petrinja earthquake

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

2020 Petrinja earthquake
Potres u Petrinji 2020.
2020 Petrinja earthquake is located in Croatia
2020 Petrinja earthquake
UTC time2020-12-29 11:19:54
ISC event621237334
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local date29 December 2020
Local time12:19 p.m. CET (UTC+1)
Duration26 seconds
Magnitude6.4 Mw[1]
6.2 ML[2]
Depth10 km (6.2 mi)
Epicentre45°24′01″N 16°13′07″E / 45.4002°N 16.2187°E / 45.4002; 16.2187[3][4]
FaultPokupsko Fault
TypeStrike-slip
Areas affected
Total damage5–5.5 billion euros
Max. intensityMMI IX (Violent)
Peak acceleration0.4 g
Foreshocks3 with a ML4.0 or greater
Largest: Mw5.2 at 05:28 UTC, 28 December 2020
AftershocksNumerous
Largest: Mw4.9 at 17:01 UTC, 6 January 2021
Casualties7 dead, 26 injured
Citations[1][2][3][4]

At 12:19 PM CET (11:19 UTC) on 29 December 2020, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 Mw (6.2 ML) hit central Croatia, with an epicenter located roughly 3 km (1.9 mi) west-southwest of Petrinja.[1] The maximum felt intensity was estimated at VIII (Heavily damaging) to IX (Destructive) on the European macroseismic scale.[2] Before this event there were three foreshocks, the strongest of which had a magnitude of 5.2 Mw on the day before. The earthquake was followed by numerous aftershocks, the strongest of which had a magnitude of 4.9 Mw. The adversely affected areas were mostly in the Sisak-Moslavina County and other nearby Croatian counties, as well as some of the nearby areas of Bosnia and Slovenia.[citation needed]

Seven people were confirmed dead, while 26 others were injured, with six having serious injuries. Initial reports show many buildings destroyed in Petrinja.[5] The mayor of Petrinja, Darinko Dumbović, said that half of the town has been destroyed.[6][7][8][9]

The first multidisciplinary scientific paper on Petrinja 2020 earthquake was published in Remote Sensing journal in March 2021.[10][non-primary source needed]

Tectonic setting[edit]

The epicenter is located in a hilly area just south of the Kupa-Sava alluvial plain, with the Zrinska gora mountain and the rest of the Dinaric Alps to the south.

The Pokuplje seismic area follows the Kupa river valley from Karlovac to Sisak. This area has been affected by several historical earthquakes, the best known being the major event in 1909 with the epicenter near Pokupsko, with aftershocks that continued into 1910. It had a maximum felt intensity of VIII on the MCS scale. This seismicity has been associated with reactivation of northwest–southeast trending normal faults that form the southwestern boundary of the Pannonian Basin.[11][12]

The last earthquake on the territory of Croatia that had a magnitude of 6.0 ML was in Ston in 1996. In 1969, the fault system which extends from Jastrebarsko over this area towards Banja Luka had a 6.6 ML earthquake which hit the latter city, and that one was also preceded by significant foreshocks one day earlier. In 1880, a 6.3 ML struck north-east of Zagreb. In March 2020, a 5.5 ML earthquake struck the city of Zagreb.[13]

Earthquake[edit]

External videos
video icon Start of earthquake during live TV in Croatia, Tancredi Palmeri on Twitter, N1 Croatia cut. Recorded in Zagreb, 51 km (32 mi) from epicenter.

The earthquake had a magnitude of 6.4 Mw  and a depth of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) according to Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS)[1] and European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC),[14] while the Seismological Survey of Croatia recorded 6.2 ML. The maximum felt intensity was VIII (heavily damaging) to IX (destructive) on the European macroseismic scale (EMS)[2] and IX (Violent) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MMI).

The location and depth of this event show that it was an intraplate earthquake that occurred as a result of shallow strike-slip faulting within the Eurasian Plate. The calculated focal mechanism for the event indicates that rupture occurred on a nearly vertical fault striking either to the southeast or southwest.[1]

The Croatian Seismological Survey estimated the earthquake's epicentre at 45°24′0.72″N 16°13′7.32″E / 45.4002000°N 16.2187000°E / 45.4002000; 16.2187000 (45.4002, 16.2187),[3][4] located near the village of Strašnik, within the town of Petrinja.[15]

The earthquake was felt throughout northern Croatia, as well as in large parts of Slovenia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Hungary, Slovakia, and Italy, as well as in some parts of Montenegro, Germany, and the Czech Republic.[14][better source needed]

Modified Mercalli intensities in selected locations[16]
MMI Locations
MMI IX (Violent) Cepeliš
MMI VIII (Severe) Petrinja, Sisak, Budaševo
MMI VII (Very strong) Orešje, Pokupsko, Zaprešić
MMI VI (Strong) Zagreb
MMI V (Moderate) Varaždin, Banja Luka
MMI IV (Light) Munich
MMI III (Weak) Rome, Belgrade, Budapest, Vienna

Foreshocks[edit]

Three foreshocks had hit the same area the day before, estimated by the CSS at magnitudes 5.0, 4.7 and 4.1 respectively.[17]

Foreshocks of Mw  4.0 or greater
Date Time (UTC) M MMI Depth Ref.
28 December 05:28 5.2 VI 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [18]
28 December 06:49 4.7 VI 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [19]

Aftershocks[edit]

There were 16 aftershocks ML 3.0 or greater recorded within six hours of the main tremor according to CSS.[3]

Aftershocks of Mw  3.0 or greater (those registered by the USGS)
Date Time (UTC) M MMI Depth Ref.
29 December 12:34 4.4 VI 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [20]
30 December 05:15 4.8 V 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [21]
30 December 05:26 4.7 IV 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [22]
31 December 08:15 3.7 V 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [23]
2 January 18:00 3.4 III 9.3 km (5.8 mi) [24]
4 January 06:49 4.4 III 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [25]
5 January 06:11 3.3 II 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [26]
6 January 17:01 4.9 V 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [27]
7 January 11:06 4.0 III 9.9 km (6.2 mi) [28]
9 January 21:29 4.8 VI 8.7 km (5.4 mi) [29]
10 January 23:28 3.8 IV 9.6 km (6.0 mi) [30]
15 January 12:01 4.4 II 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [31]
24 February 09:58 3.9 IV 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [32]
3 March 04:37 4.2 III 10.9 km (6.8 mi) [33]
6 April 08:54 4.6 III 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [34]
1 August 23:27 4.1 IV 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [35]
16 August 23:58 4.6 V 10.0 km (6.2 mi) [36]

Damage[edit]

The town of Petrinja was the worst affected, with many buildings collapsed and a major power outage.[5] Damage and power outages were also reported in Dvor, Glina, Gvozd, Hrvatska Kostajnica, Kutina, Sisak, Sunja, Topusko, Velika Gorica, and Zagreb, as well as the neighbouring countries Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia.[37][38]

The total damage was estimated by World Bank consultants in cooperation with the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Regional Development and EU Funds. The total damage is estimated at 5 billion euros and may eventually increase to 5.5 billion euros.[39]

Sisak-Moslavina County[edit]

In Petrinja, the town closest to the epicenter, almost all houses were damaged.[40] The whole town centre was heavily damaged.[41] One elementary school was damaged.[42] Roofs of the town hall and the Church of Saint Lawrence were destroyed.[43] The entire village of Brest Pokupski near Petrinja was heavily damaged.[41]

The city of Sisak, located roughly 20 km (12 mi) northeast of the epicenter, suffered major damage to its hospital, as well as its city hall. Despite the damage, the hospital was not shut down.[44][45] Most damage was inflicted on old buildings in the center of the town. It is estimated that between 700 and 1,000 houses were damaged in Sisak and nearby villages.[40]

In the village of Strašnik where the epicenter was located, as well as in the nearby village of Sibić, almost all houses were damaged. Part of the villages' populations were evacuated and tents with food and water were set up.[40]

Majske Poljane is the village that suffered the most damage from the earthquake; all buildings were damaged and many collapsed. It is also the place with the largest number of deaths, out of seven total fatalities five were in Majske Poljane.[46]

In Žažina, one church collapsed, injuring three and killing one other person.[47]

Cover collapse sinkholes have started appearing since the earthquake near the villages of Mečenčani and Borojevići. As of March 2021, there were over 90 of them, some endangering homes. The largest hole was 12 metres (39 ft) deep and 25 m (82 ft) in diameter. While this area lies on karstic bedrock covered by a layer of proluvial soil and is ordinarily prone to occasional sinkholes, the quantity, size and location of the sinkholes has prompted the authorities to consider evacuating the villages. According to the geophysicists, the earthquake likely disrupted the underground water currents, accelerating the natural karstification.[48][49] State company Hrvatske vode began remedying the sinkholes, but as of December 2021, new sinkholes were still appearing.[50][51]

Zagreb County and City of Zagreb[edit]

In Pokupsko, which is roughly 20 km (12 mi) northwest of the epicenter, many buildings were damaged including a school, a kindergarten and an 18th-century church.[52]

In the town of Zaprešić, which is roughly 60 km (37 mi) north-northwest of the epicenter, four residential buildings sustained damage, forcing more than 80 families to leave the town.[53]

The city of Zagreb, which is roughly 50 km (31 mi) to the north of the epicenter, was affected with some building damage, power outages, and many residents taking to the streets in distress.[54]

Bosnia and Herzegovina[edit]

Buildings were damaged in multiple towns across northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Una-Sana Canton and northern Republika Srpska, which are roughly between 30 km (19 mi) and 90 km (56 mi) southwest, south, and southeast of the epicenter. Towns which were damaged include Velika Kladuša, Bihać, Cazin, Kozarska Dubica, and Kostajnica, which suffered the most damage from the earthquake. In Kostajnica, a state of emergency was declared, the earthquake caused six conflagrations, and many buildings were damaged, including the town hall, which was declared out of function.[55]

Slovenia[edit]

Buildings were damaged in several areas and towns, mostly near the Slovenia–Croatia border. People reported damage to facades, roofs, and chimneys from the southeastern towns of Krško and Brežice and the old town of Kostanjevica na Krki, which lie roughly 70 km (43 mi) northwest of the epicenter. The Krško Nuclear Plant automatically shut down and was later systematically reviewed, with no damage reported. In northeastern Slovenia, roughly 125 km (78 mi) north-northwest of the epicenter, there were power and telecommunication outages in the area of its central town of Maribor, the municipal building in nearby Ptuj was damaged, and there was damage to the church in Sveta Trojica. In Ljubljana, the capital, a session of Parliament had to be stopped, and the interior of the Parliament building incurred minor damage. No injuries were recorded in the country.[56]

Hungary[edit]

The quake was also felt strongly in many parts of Hungary.[57] However, there was only limited damage recorded. In an old house in Egervár, small cracks appeared and plaster fell.[57] In counties such as Baranya, Zala, Somogy and Tolna, damage consisted of fallen plaster, cracked walls and ceilings, broken windows and, toppled chimneys.[58] Damage in the country is said to have exceeded 100 million forints.[58]

Austria[edit]

The quake was felt throughout Austria.[59] Like in Hungary, limited damage was also observed, mostly in the form of cracks on walls and plaster.[59] In Austria, the quake was felt with a maximum intensity of IV (Largely observed) to V (Strong) on the European macroseismic scale.[59]

Italy[edit]

Like with other countries, damage in Italy was limited, but in Trieste, near the border with Slovenia and Croatia, some buildings cracked.[60]

Casualties[edit]

Church in Žažina after the earthquake

A 13-year-old girl died and at least 20 others were injured in Petrinja. The town's mayor was quoted stating that half of the town was destroyed.[61][62][63][8] A 20-year-old man and his father were killed when their house collapsed in Majske Poljane near Glina. Three other people were later found dead in the same village.[64][38] Majske Poljane was the hardest hit of all the settlements affected by the earthquake. One person was later found dead in Žažina after the local church collapsed.[37]

On 3 January 2021, a volunteer rescue worker fell to his death from a building while he was repairing damage from the earthquake.[65] Another worker died on 20 January, after a wall collapsed onto him while he was repairing a house in Sisak.[66]

International reactions[edit]

Countries that offered help to Croatia after the earthquake

Countries[edit]

International organizations[edit]

Aftermath[edit]

The earthquake prompted a preventive shutdown of the Krško Nuclear Power Plant in Slovenia, roughly 100 km (62 mi) away.[87][88] The Paks Nuclear Power Plant in Hungary, roughly 300 km (190 mi) away, also felt the earthquake, but did not cease electricity production.[89]

On 30 December, restrictions on entering and leaving the country were lifted for humanitarian purposes and for earthquake victims.[90] The e-pass system due to COVID-19 which was in place since late December was also cancelled for the same reasons.[91] The tolls on the A11 motorway connecting the region to Zagreb were temporarily lifted. Travel on the motorway remained free as of April 2021.[92]

Croatia declared 2 January 2021 a national day of mourning in honor of the victims of this earthquake.[93]

Year after state authorities in Croatia were still failing to significantly advance reconstruction of numerous towns and villages and humanitarians like Branka Bakšić Mitić, who is also vice-mayor of Glina, keeps informing media of terrible living conditions and despair of people of living in the area.[94]

On 11 January 2023, Prime Minister of Croatia Andrej Plenković announced that he will dismiss Ivan Paladina, Minister of Construction, Spatial Planning and State Property and Gordan Hanžek, Director of the Central State Office for Reconstruction and Housing, citing the need to greatly accelerate the reconstruction process.[95]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e ANSS. "Petrinja 2020 : M 6.4 - 3 km WSW of Petrinja, Croatia". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d Seismological Survey of Croatia, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (29 December 2020). "Razoran potres kod Petrinje" [Destructive earthquake near Petrinja] (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b c d "Obavijesti o potresima kod Petrinje" [Information on earthquakes near Petrinja] (in Croatian). Seismological Survey of Croatia, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb. 29 December 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  4. ^ a b c "Potresi kod Petrinje u razdoblju od 28.12.2020. u 06:28 do 31.12.2020. u 17:00" [Earthquakes near Petrinja in the period between 2020-12-28 06:28 and 2020-12-31 17:00] (in Croatian). Seismological Survey of Croatia, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Snažan potres magnitude 6,2 pogodio Petrinju, prizori su dramatični, jako se tresao i Zagreb". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  6. ^ "Croatia earthquake: Seven dead as rescuers search rubble for survivors". BBC. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  7. ^ "Second earthquake in two days strikes central Croatia, killing seven and damaging buildings". Reuters.
  8. ^ a b "Iz minute u minutu: Snažan zemljotres pogodio Petrinju, najmanje 20 povrijeđenih, poginulo jedno dijete!". BHRT (in Bosnian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  9. ^ "At least 7 dead after magnitude 6.3 earthquake strikes Croatia". NBC News. 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  10. ^ Markušić, Snježana; Stanko, Davor; Penava, Davorin; Ivančić, Ines; Bjelotomić Oršulić, Olga; Korbar, Tvrtko; Sarhosis, Vasilis (2021). "Destructive M6.2 Petrinja Earthquake (Croatia) in 2020—Preliminary Multidisciplinary Research". Remote Sensing. 13 (6): 1095. Bibcode:2021RemS...13.1095M. doi:10.3390/rs13061095.
  11. ^ Markušić, Snježana (January 2008). "Seismicity of Croatia". In Husebye, Eystein S. (ed.). Earthquake Monitoring and Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Balkan Countries. NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences. Vol. 81. p. 87. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6815-7_5. ISBN 978-1-4020-6813-3.
  12. ^ Herak, Davorka; Herak, Marijan; Tomljenović, Bruno (2009). "Seismicity and earthquake focal mechanisms in North-Western Croatia" (PDF). Tectonophysics. 465 (1–4): 215. Bibcode:2009Tectp.465..212H. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.12.005.
  13. ^ Rudež, Tanja (29 December 2020). "'Danas se treslo 60 puta jače od jučer: Ovo nije isto kao ZG potres, u Petrinji se ponovila Banja Luka'" [‘Today it shook 60 times stronger than yesterday: This is not the same as the Zagreb earthquake, the Banja Luka earthquake happened in Petrinja’] (in Croatian). Jutarnji List. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  14. ^ a b "Earthquake, Magnitude 6.4 - CROATIA - 2020 December 29, 11:19:54 UTC". EMSC-CSEM. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  15. ^ Prerad, Danijel (29 December 2020). "Naš reporter uživo se javio iz okolice Petrinje: Srušene kuće, ljudi uplašeni, stalno trese". Večernji list. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  16. ^ "PAGER". USGS. 16 February 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  17. ^ Rogulj, Danijel (28 December 2020). "5.2 Magnitude Earthquake Rocks Central Croatia (& Update on Aftershocks)". Total-croatia-news.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  18. ^ "M 5.2 - 8 km W of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  19. ^ "M 4.7 - 4 km SSE of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  20. ^ "M 4.4 - 9 km WNW of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  21. ^ "M 4.8 - 9 km WNW of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  22. ^ "M 4.7 - 6 km SSW of Lekenik, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  23. ^ "M 3.7 - 7 km SSW of Lekenik, Croatia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  24. ^ "M 3.4 - 3 km W of Petrinja, Croatia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  25. ^ "M 4.4 - 5 km W of Petrinja, Croatia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  26. ^ "M 3.3 - 1 km WNW of Petrinja, Croatia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  27. ^ "M 4.9 - 6 km WSW of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  28. ^ "M 4.0 - 5 km NW of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  29. ^ "M 4.8 - 2 km SSE of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  30. ^ "M 3.8 - 7 km WNW of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 31 March 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  31. ^ "M 4.4 - 8 km ESE of Lasinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  32. ^ "M 3.9 - 3 km W of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  33. ^ "M 4.2 - 12 km NNW of Glina, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  34. ^ "M 4.6 - 15 km NW of Dobrljin, Bosnia and Herzegovina". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
  35. ^ "M 4.1 - 7 km N of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  36. ^ "M 4.6 - 1 km W of Petrinja, Croatia". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  37. ^ a b "Hrvatska se non-stop trese: Traže preživjele pod ruševinama u Petrinji i Glini" [Croatia shakes non-stop: Survivors being searched for under the ruins in Petrinja and Glina]. Index.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  38. ^ a b "Deseci ozlijeđenih, druga žrtva potresa je mladić kod Gline. Na više lokacija tragaju za ljudima". 24 sata (Croatia). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  39. ^ "Jutarnji list - Procijenjena je šteta nastala u potresu na Baniji, upola je manja od one u Zagrebu". www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). 13 March 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  40. ^ a b c "U ponedjeljak navečer slabiji potres kod Velike Gorice, u Sisku i okolici oštećeno između 700 i 1000 kuća". www.vecernji.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  41. ^ a b "Jutarnji list - Jutarnji u mjestu kod samog epicentra potresa: 'Gotovo da nema kuće koja nije stradala...'". www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). 28 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  42. ^ "Oštećena je osnovna škola u Petrinji, ravnatelj: Samo sam ja u školi. Sad čekamo procjenu" (in Croatian). 24sata. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  43. ^ "'Nije dobro. Okolica Petrinje teško je stradala, tamo je loše'" (in Croatian). 24sata. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  44. ^ "Velike štete i u Sisku, bolnica je teško stradala, gradonačelnica se slomila: 'Potreseni smo'" [Great damage also in Sisak, hospital badly damaged, mayor breaks down: 'We are shaken']. Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  45. ^ "M6.4 Earthquake Hits Croatia - Dec. 29, 2020 potres u Petrinji - YouTube". www.youtube.com.
  46. ^ "Dogradonačelnica Gline: Majske Poljane najteže stradale; još vade ljude iz ruševina, gotovo sve kuće su pogođene". direktno.hr (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Archived from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  47. ^ "VIDEO Tijelo muškarca pronađeno usred javljanja uživo, tragičan kraj potrage u ruševinama crkve". Dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  48. ^ Simičević, Vedrana (5 July 2021). "The Croatian village where the land became 'Swiss cheese'". BBC. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  49. ^ Bačić, Mario; Kovačević, Meho Saša; Librić, Lovorka; Žužul, Petra (22–24 March 2021). "Sinkholes induced by the Petrinja M6.2 earthquake and guidelines for their remediation" (PDF). 1st Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering 1CroCEE 2021: 341–351. doi:10.5592/CO/1CroCEE.2021.237. ISBN 9789538168475. S2CID 236758582. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  50. ^ "Sanacija vrtača na Banovini bliži se kraju" [Sinkhole remediation in Banovina is close to completion]. N1 (in Croatian). 6 November 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  51. ^ "Godinu dana nakon potresa i dalje se otvaraju ogromne vrtače na Baniji" [A year after the earthquake, new sinkholes are still opening up in Banija]. N1 (in Croatian). 29 December 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  52. ^ "Epicentar potresa u Pokupskom. Načelnik: Ljudi su istrčali van, u strahu su. Bio je jači nego onaj zagrebački". www.vecernji.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  53. ^ "Potres je oštetio i Zaprešić; Turk: 81 obitelj je iseljena, a šteta se mjeri u stotinama milijuna kuna". 3 January 2021.
  54. ^ "Oštećenja diljem Zagreba, potpuni kaos na cestama, nema dojava o stradalim ljudima" [Damage throughout Zagreb, total chaos on the streets, no reports of casualties]. Jutarnji list (in Croatian). HINA. 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  55. ^ "Teške posledice zemljotresa u Bosni i Hercegovini". N1 Srbija (in Serbian (Latin script)). Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  56. ^ "Poškodbe na fasadah, strehah in dimnikih, kosi ometa padali tudi v predsedniški palači" [Damage to Facades, Roofs, and Chimneys, Plaster Parts Also Fell Off the Presidential Palace] (in Slovenian). MMC RTV Slovenija. 29 December 2020.
  57. ^ a b "6,4-es erősségű földrengés volt Zágrábtól délre, Magyarországon is érezni lehetett" [There was a magnitude 6.4 earthquake south of Zagreb, and it was also felt in Hungary] (in Hungarian). Index.hu. 29 December 2020.
  58. ^ a b "A horvát földrengés Magyarországon is százmilliós kárt okozott" [The Croatian earthquake also caused damage of hundreds of millions in Hungary] (in Hungarian). Portfolio.hu. 31 December 2020.
  59. ^ a b c "Erdbeben im Dezember 2020" [December 2020 earthquake] (in German). Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics. 4 January 2021.
  60. ^ "Terremoto in Croazia, piccoli danni anche ad edifici di Trieste". triestecafe.it (in Italian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  61. ^ "Hrvaško zjutraj streslo več novih potresov, manj silovitih kot v torek" (in Slovenian).
  62. ^ ""Many injured" as strong earthquake strikes Croatia, Slovenia shuts power nuclear plant as precaution". Reuters. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  63. ^ "Croatia earthquake: Rescue efforts under way in Petrinja". BBC. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  64. ^ "Pet žrtava potresa: Preminulo je još četvero ljudi kraj Gline!" [Five victims during earthquake: four dead in Glina]. Večernji list (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  65. ^ Hrnčić, Fabijan (3 January 2021). "Preminuo volonter u Petrinji: Sumnja se da je pao s krova..." (in Croatian). 24sata. HINA. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  66. ^ M. V. (20 January 2020). "Urušio se zid: U Sisku poginuo muškarac (34) dok je sanirao štetu od potresa". Dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  67. ^ "Shqipëria i jep 250 mijë euro ndihmë Kroacisë pas tërmetit tragjik". Euronews Albania (in Albanian). 30 December 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  68. ^ Edi Rama [@ediramaal] (30 December 2020). "Just signed the Government of Albania decree to donate 250k EURO to brotherly Croatia to help the rebirth of Petrinja after the devastating #earthquake! #Croatia is an example of resilience and a role model for us in its amazing transformation in a proud EU country 🇦🇱🤝🇭🇷" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  69. ^ "Regija uz Hrvatsku: Brojne zemlje ponudile pomoć". Balkan Plus (in Bosnian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  70. ^ "България помага на Хърватия със 100 000 евро". vesti.bg (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  71. ^ @Ulkoministerio (31 December 2020). "FM @Haavisto My thoughts are with everyone affected by the series of devastating earthquakes in Croatia. We stand i…" (Tweet). Retrieved 31 December 2020 – via Twitter.
  72. ^ "Greek Officials Express Solidarity With Croatia After Strong Earthquake". Greek City Times. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  73. ^ "Orbán Viktor levélben ajánlotta fel Magyarország segítségét; jelentést kért a magyar hatóságoktól". kormany.hu (Magyarország Kormánya = Govt. of Hungary (in Hungarian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  74. ^ "Terremoto in Croazia: Conte, "Italia pronta a fornire tutta l'assistenza e l'aiuto necessario"". agensir.it (in Italian). 29 December 2020.
  75. ^ "Pasgoditjet tronditin Kroacinë". Bota Sot (in Albanian). Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  76. ^ a b c "Jutarnji list - Cijela regija uz Hrvatsku, javili se Vučić, Đukanović, Janša i Pahor; Zaev: 'Naša vlada šalje novac'". www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  77. ^ "Abazović: Vlada Crne Gore će pomoći Hrvatskoj u saniranju štete". CdM (in Montenegrin).
  78. ^ "Echipele de căutare-salvare ale DSU, pregătite să intervină în Croaţia". Mediafax (in Romanian). 29 December 2020.
  79. ^ "România, pregătită să acorde ajutor Croaţiei, în urma cutremurului. Raed Arafat a cerut ca echipele de Căutare-Salvare RO-USAR să fie pregătite pentru a interveni". B1 TV (in Romanian). 29 December 2020.
  80. ^ "România trimite ajutoare umanitare în Croația de peste 640.000 de lei". Digi24 (in Romanian). 30 December 2020.
  81. ^ a b "Novi jak zemljotres u Hrvatskoj, osetio se i u Srbiji". BBC News na srpskom (in Serbian (Latin script)). 28 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  82. ^ "Srbija donira milion evra Hrvatskoj za sanaciju štete od zemljotresa". Vlada Republike Srbije. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  83. ^ "Veleposlanik Hrvatske na rubu suza na skupu solidarnosti u Beogradu, pogledajte video". www.index.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  84. ^ Serbia, RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of. "Педесет хиљада евра за обнову подручја у Хрватској погођеном земљотресом". www.rts.rs (in Serbian (Cyrillic script)). Retrieved 12 January 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  85. ^ Altas, Mumin (29 December 2020). "Turkish president condoles with quake-hit Croatia". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  86. ^ "Croatia and Slovenia legends turn out in force for Petrinja | Inside UEFA". UEFA. 14 March 2021. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  87. ^ Agence France-Presse (29 December 2020). "Slovenia Nuclear Plant Shut After 6.2 Magnitude Earthquake In Neighbouring Croatia". NDTV.
  88. ^ "Poškodbe na fasadah, strehah in dimnikih, kosi ometa padali tudi v predsedniški palači". RTVSLO.si.
  89. ^ "Strong Earthquake Strikes Central Croatia". The New York Times. 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  90. ^ "Zbog potresa ukinuta i neka ograničenja za prelazak državne granice, doznajte na koga se to sve odnosi" [Some restrictions on international travel lifted due to earthquake, find out who is affected]. Dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). Nova TV. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  91. ^ Thomas, Mark (29 December 2020). "Covid-19 inter-county lockdown suspended to assist with earthquake recovery". The Dubrovnik Times. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  92. ^ Ćurić, Ivana (25 March 2021). "I u travnju bez naplate cestarine na A11" [Travanj also without tolls on A11]. VG Danas (in Croatian). Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  93. ^ "U Hrvatskoj Dan žalosti, gore svijeće na mjestu gdje je poginula 13-godišnja Laura" [Day of mourning in Croatia, candles lit where the 13 year old Laura perished] (in Croatian). Index.hr. HINA. 2 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  94. ^ "Jutarnji list - Dogradonačelnica Gline: 'Ljudi nam umiru u kontejnerima, obnove nema, očajni su...'". www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). 28 December 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  95. ^ "Potvrđeni novi ministri, smijenjen i Hanžek, Plenković: 'Dobio sam podršku za sve!'". www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2020_Petrinja_earthquake&oldid=1196612597"