This list of metro systems includes electrified rapid transit train systems worldwide. In some parts of the world, metro systems are referred to as metro rails , subways , undergrounds , tubes , U-Bahn , or by various acronyms such as MRT or MTR . As of 31 December 2023,[update] 200 cities in 62 countries have a metro system.
The London Underground first opened as an underground railway in 1863 and its first electrified underground line opened in 1890,[1] making it the world's oldest metro system.[2] The Beijing Subway is the world's longest metro network at 815.2 kilometres (507 mi) and the Shanghai Metro has the highest annual ridership at 2.83 billion trips.[3] The New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations with 472.[4] [5] As of 2023,[update] the country with the most metro systems is China, with 46 in operation.
Considerations [ edit ] The International Association of Public Transport (L'Union Internationale des Transports Publics, or UITP) defines metro systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic".[6] [7] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail are essentially synonymous with the term "metro".[8] [9] [10] Heavy rail systems are also specifically defined as an "electric railway".[8] [9]
The dividing line between the metro and other modes of public transport , such as light rail [8] [9] and commuter rail ,[8] [9] is not always clear. The UITP only makes distinctions between "metros" and "light rail",[6] the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) distinguish all three modes.[8] [9] A common way to distinguish metro from the light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings , a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way , with no access for pedestrians and other traffic.
In contrast to commuter rail or light rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequencies and substantially higher passenger volume capacities. Most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres , or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead line .
The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use "metro" as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded "light rail" that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data.
Certain transit networks may match the service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are sometimes known as S-Bahn , suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included in this list. Neither are funicular systems, or people movers , such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.
This list counts metros separately when multiple metros in one city or metropolitan area have separate owners or operating companies. This list expressly does not aim at representing the size and scope of the total rapid transit network of a certain city or metropolitan area. The data in this list should not be used to infer the size of a city's, region's, or country's urban rail transit systems, or to establish a ranking.
Countries shown in green have at least one operational metro system. Countries shown in yellow have at least one metro system under construction. City Primary city served by the metro system. Country Sovereign state in which the metro system is located. Name The most common English name of the metro system (including a link to the article for that system). Year opened Map of all the world's metro systems The year the metro system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (most notably electrification) is the one listed. Year of last expansion The last time the system length or number of stations in the metro system was expanded. Stations The number of stations in the metro network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one. System length The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers or miles. Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track , single carriageway or dual carriageway . Ridership The number of unique journeys on the metro system every year. There is a major discrepancy between the ridership figures: some metro systems count transferring between lines as multiple journeys, but others do not. This list is sortable. Click on the icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order. Note: This list may not be fully representative, as yearly ridership numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic are shown for some systems, while others have numbers from previous years.
Table notes ^* Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year .
City Country/ region Name Service opened Last expanded Lines System length Annual ridership (millions) Algiers Algeria Algiers Metro 2011[11] 2018[12] 19 [12] 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi)[13] 45.3 (2019)[R 1] Buenos Aires Argentina Buenos Aires Underground 1913[Nb 1] 2019[16] 78 [Nb 2] [17] 7 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 74 (2020)[R 2] Yerevan Armenia Yerevan Metro 1981[18] 1996[19] 10 [18] 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi)[18] 23.3 (2022)[R 3] Sydney Australia Sydney Metro 2019[20] – 13 [20] 1 36 km (22 mi)[20] [21] 19.7 (2022)[R 4] [R 5] [R Nb 1] Vienna Austria Vienna U-Bahn 1978[22] [Nb 3] 2017[23] 98 [24] 5 83.3 km (51.8 mi)[22] 459.8 (2019)[R 6] Baku Azerbaijan Baku Metro 1967[25] 2022[26] 27 [25] 3 40.7 km (25.3 mi)[25] 202.5 (2022)[R 3] Dhaka Bangladesh Dhaka Metro Rail 2022[27] 2023 16 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi) n/a Minsk Belarus Minsk Metro 1984[28] 2020[28] 30 [29] 3 40.8 km (25.4 mi)[29] 225.9 (2022)[R 3] Brussels Belgium Brussels Metro 1976[30] 2009[Nb 4] 59 [30] [Nb 5] 4 [Nb 6] 39.9 km (24.8 mi)[31] 129.2 (2022)[R 7] Belo Horizonte Brazil Belo Horizonte Metro 1986[32] 2002[32] 19 [33] 1 28.1 km (17.5 mi)[34] 54.4 (2019)[R 8] Brasília Brazil Federal District Metro 2001[35] 2020[36] 27 [37] 2 42.4 km (26.3 mi)[37] [38] 39.1 (2022)[R 9] Fortaleza Brazil Fortaleza Metro [Nb 7] 2012[39] 2013[40] 20[41] 2 24.1 km (15.0 mi)[41] 8.9 (2022)[R 10] Porto Alegre Brazil Porto Alegre Metro 1985[42] 2014[42] 22[43] 1 43.8 km (27.2 mi)[43] 31.9 (2022)[R 11] Recife Brazil Recife Metro [Nb 8] 1985[44] 2009[44] 28[45] 3 39.5 km (24.5 mi)[45] 93.5 (2019)[R 12] Rio de Janeiro Brazil Rio de Janeiro Metro 1979[46] 2016[47] 41 [46] 3 58 km (36 mi)[47] 118.7 (2020)[R 13] Salvador Brazil Salvador Metro 2014[48] 2023[49] 20[50] 2 34 km (21 mi) 62 (2020)[R 14] São Paulo Brazil São Paulo Metro [Nb 9] 1974[51] 2021[52] 89 [52] 6 104.4 km (64.9 mi)[52] 1,196.5 (2023)[R 15] Sofia Bulgaria Sofia Metro 1998[53] 2021[54] 47[54] 4 52 km (32 mi)[54] 92.4 (2019)[R 16] Montreal Canada Montreal Metro 1966[55] 2007[55] 68 [56] 4 69.2 km (43.0 mi)[56] 245.5 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Réseau express métropolitain 2023[57] – 5 1 16.6 km (10.3 mi)[58] n/a Toronto Canada Toronto subway [59] 1954[60] 2017[60] 70 [61] 3 70.5 km (43.8 mi)[62] 235.7 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] [R Nb 3] Vancouver Canada SkyTrain 1985[63] 2016[64] 53 [64] 3 79.6 km (49.5 mi)[64] 116.6 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Santiago Chile Santiago Metro 1975[65] 2023[66] 126 [67] 7 149 km (93 mi)[68] 544.4 (2022)[R 18] Beijing China Beijing Subway [69] 1971[Nb 10] 2023[70] 381 [Nb 11] 27 815.9 km (507.0 mi)[70] [Nb 12] 2,292.7 (2020)[R 19] Changchun China Changchun Rail Transit 2017[Nb 13] 2023[71] 35[Nb 14] 2 43 km (27 mi)[Nb 15] 154.4 (2020)[R 19] Changsha China Changsha Metro 2014[72] 2023[73] 135 6 207.9 km (129.2 mi) 385.8 (2020)[R 19] Changzhou China Changzhou Metro 2019[74] 2021[75] 43 2 54 km (33.55 mi) 22.8 (2020)[R 19] Chengdu China Chengdu Metro 2010 2023[76] 291 [Nb 16] 13 561.7 km (349.0 mi)[77] 1,800 (2021)[R 20] Chongqing China Chongqing Rail Transit 2004 2023 256 [Nb 17] 11 523.7 km (325.4 mi)[78] 839.8 (2020)[R 19] Dalian China Dalian Metro [79] 2003 2023[80] 100 6 237.7 km (147.7 mi) 125.2 (2020)[R 19] Dongguan China Dongguan Rail Transit 2016[81] – 15 1 37.7 km (23.4 mi) 35.1 (2020)[R 19] Foshan China Foshan Metro [Nb 18] 2010 2022[82] 61 3 112.7 km (70.0 mi) n/a[R Nb 4] Fuzhou China Fuzhou Metro 2016[83] 2023[84] 90 5 143.5 km (89.2 mi) 94.8 (2020)[R 19] Guangzhou China Guangzhou Metro [Nb 19] 1997 2023[85] 265 [Nb 20] 16 648.8 km (403.1 mi)[85] 2,415.6 (2020)[R 19] Guiyang China Guiyang Metro 2017[86] 2023[87] 82 3 118.73 km (73.78 mi)[87] 37 (2020)[R 19] Hangzhou China Hangzhou Metro [88] 2012 2022[89] 254 [Nb 21] 13 516.2 km (320.8 mi)[90] 582.4 (2020)[R 19] Harbin China Harbin Metro 2013[91] 2023[92] 66 3 83.8 km (52.1 mi) 51.3 (2020)[R 19] Hefei China Hefei Metro 2016[93] 2023[94] 154 5 202 km (126 mi) 195.1 (2020)[R 19] Hohhot China Hohhot Metro 2019[95] 2020[96] 43[95] 2 49 km (30 mi)[95] 21.3 (2020)[R 19] Hong Kong China Hong Kong MTR 1979[Nb 22] 2022 99 [97] 10 174.7 km (108.6 mi)[98] 1,616.3 (2021)[R 21] [R 22] [R Nb 5] Jinan China Jinan Metro 2019[99] 2021[100] [101] 41[99] [102] 3 84.3 km (52.4 mi)[99] [102] 8.7 (2020)[R 19] Jinhua China Jinhua Rail Transit 2022[103] 2023 32 2 118.5 km (73.6 mi) n/a Kunming China Kunming Metro 2012 2022[104] 103 6 164.3 km (102.1 mi) 159.3 (2020)[R 19] Lanzhou China Lanzhou Metro 2019[105] 2023 27[105] 2 35 km (22 mi)[105] 52.5 (2020)[R 19] Luoyang China Luoyang Subway 2021[101] [106] 2021 33[101] [106] 2 43.6 km (27.1 mi)[101] n/a Macau China Macau Light Rapid Transit 2019 2023 12 1 12.5 km (7.8 mi) Unknown Nanchang China Nanchang Metro 2015 2021[107] 94 4 128.3 km (79.7 mi) 135.9 (2020)[R 19] Nanjing China Nanjing Metro [108] 2005 2023[109] 206 [110] 13 505.9 km (314.4 mi)[111] 801.3 (2020)[R 19] Nanning China Nanning Metro [112] 2016 2021[113] 93 5 128.2 km (79.7 mi) 208.4 (2020)[R 19] Nantong China Nantong Rail Transit 2022[114] 2023 43 2 60 km (37 mi) n/a Ningbo China Ningbo Rail Transit [115] 2014 2022[116] 116 5 185.3 km (115.1 mi) 159.9 (2020)[R 19] Qingdao China Qingdao Metro 2015[117] 2023[118] 150 7 311.5 km (193.6 mi) 139.1 (2020)[R 19] Shanghai China Shanghai Metro 1993[119] 2021[120] 403 [Nb 23] 18 796 km (495 mi)[120] [Nb 24] 2,834.7 (2020)[R 19] Shaoxing China Shaoxing Metro 2021[121] 2023 35 2 57.8 km (35.9 mi)[121] n/a Shenyang China Shenyang Metro 2010 2023[122] 111 5 163.7 km (101.7 mi) 316.3 (2020)[R 19] Shenzhen China Shenzhen Metro 2004 2023[123] 307 [Nb 25] 16 555.4 km (345.1 mi) 2,178 (2021) Shijiazhuang China Shijiazhuang Metro 2017 2021[124] 60[124] 3 76.5 km (47.5 mi)[124] 71.7 (2020)[R 19] Suzhou China Suzhou Rail Transit 2012 2023[125] 181 6 249.5 km (155.0 mi)[125] 308.6 (2020)[R 19] Taiyuan China Taiyuan Metro 2020 – 23 1 23.7 km (14.7 mi)[126] 0.88 (6 days in 2020) Taizhou China Taizhou Rail Transit 2022[127] – 15 1 52.4 km (32.6 mi)[128] n/a Tianjin China Tianjin Metro 1984 2023[129] 192 10 301 km (187 mi) 338.8 (2020)[R 19] Ürümqi China Ürümqi Metro 2018 2019[130] 21 1 27.6 km (17.1 mi) 19.1 (2020)[R 19] Wenzhou China Wenzhou Rail Transit 2019[131] 2023 36 2 116.5 km (72.4 mi)[132] 7 (2020)[R 19] Wuhan China Wuhan Metro 2004 2023[133] 262 [Nb 26] 12 486.3 km (302.2 mi)[133] 1,012.7 (2021)[R 23] Wuhu China Wuhu Rail Transit 2021 2021 36 2 46.2 km (28.7 mi) n/a Wuxi China Wuxi Metro 2014[134] 2024[135] 89 5 145.2 km (90.2 mi) 87.2 (2020)[R 19] Xiamen China Xiamen Metro 2017[136] 2023[137] 70 3 98.4 km (61.1 mi) 114 (2020)[R 19] Xi'an China Xi'an Metro 2011 2023[138] 191 9 311 km (193 mi) 731 (2020)[R 19] Xuzhou China Xuzhou Metro 2019[139] 2021[140] 51 3 64.4 km (40.0 mi) 20.9 (2020)[R 19] Zhengzhou China Zhengzhou Metro 2013[141] 2023[142] 187 11 344.2 km (213.9 mi) 341 (2020)[R 19] Medellín Colombia Medellín Metro 1995[143] 2012[Nb 27] 27[143] 2 31.3 km (19.4 mi)[143] 215.2 (2022)[R 24] Prague Czech Republic Prague Metro 1974[144] 2015[Nb 28] 58 [145] 3 65.4 km (40.6 mi)[146] 251.4 (2020)[R 25] Copenhagen Denmark Copenhagen Metro 2002[147] 2020[147] 39 [148] 4 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[148] 107 (2022)[R 26] Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Santo Domingo Metro 2009 2018[149] 33 [149] [150] [151] 2 31 km (19 mi)[150] [151] 49.6 (2020)[R 27] Quito Ecuador Quito Metro 2023 – 15 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi) n/a Cairo Egypt Cairo Metro [152] 1987 2024[153] 80 [152] 3 99.7 km (62.0 mi)[152] 1,314 (2015)[R 28] [R Nb 6] Helsinki Finland Helsinki Metro 1982[154] 2022[Nb 29] [155] 30 [156] 2 43 km (27 mi)[157] 79.0 (2023)[R 29] Lille France Lille Metro 1983[158] 2000[158] 60[159] 2 45 km (28 mi)[159] 109.44 (2022)[R 30] Lyon France Lyon Metro 1978[160] 2023 42 [161] 4 34.4 km (21.4 mi)[161] 208.21 (2023)[R 30] Marseille France Marseille Metro 1977 2019 29 [162] 2 22.7 km (14.1 mi)[162] 67.28 (2022)[R 30] Paris France Paris Métro 1900[163] 2022[164] 308 [165] 16 226.9 km (141.0 mi)[166] 1,339.3 (2022)[R 31] [R 32] [R Nb 7] Rennes France Rennes Metro 2002 2022 28 2 22.4 km (13.9 mi) 42.02 (2022)[R 30] Toulouse France Toulouse Metro 1993[167] 2007[167] [Nb 30] 37 [168] 2 28.2 km (17.5 mi)[167] 103.7 (2022)[R 30] Tbilisi Georgia Tbilisi Metro 1966[169] 2017[170] [Nb 31] 23 [171] 2 27.3 km (17.0 mi)[172] 78.4 (2020)[R 3] Berlin Germany Berlin U-Bahn 1902[173] 2021[174] [175] 175 [176] [175] 9 155.6 km (96.7 mi)[177] 492.1 (2022)[R 33] Hamburg Germany Hamburg U-Bahn 1912[178] 2019[179] 93 [180] 4 106 km (66 mi)[180] 195.8 (2022)[R 34] Munich Germany Munich U-Bahn 1971[181] 2010[Nb 32] 96 [181] 8 95 km (59 mi)[181] 254 (2021)[R 35] Nuremberg Germany Nuremberg U-Bahn 1972 2020[182] [183] 49 [183] 3 38.4 km (23.9 mi)[183] 109.8 (2022)[R 36] Athens Greece Athens Metro [Nb 33] 1904[186] [Nb 34] 2022[187] 66 [188] 3 91.7 km (57.0 mi)[184] 259.2 (2018)[R 37] [R Nb 8] Budapest Hungary Budapest Metro 1896 2014[189] 48 4 39.2 km (24.4 mi)[189] [190] 211.6 (2021)[R 38] Agra India Agra Metro 2024[191] - 6 1 5.2 km (3.2 mi) n/a Ahmedabad India Ahmedabad Metro 2019[192] 2022[193] 31 2 37.9 km (23.5 mi)[194] 0.4 (2019* )[R 39] Bangalore India Namma Metro 2011[195] 2023[196] 66 [197] 2 73.81 km (45.86 mi)[198] [199] 174.2 (2020* )[R 40] Chennai India Chennai Metro 2015[200] 2021[201] 42 [202] 2 54.1 km (33.6 mi)[203] 42 (2019* )[R 39] Delhi India Delhi Metro 2002[204] 2023[205] 231 [Nb 35] 10 351.3 km (218.3 mi)[Nb 36] [206] 2,032 (2023* )[R 39] Gurgaon India Rapid Metro Gurgaon 2013[208] 2017[209] 11 [209] 1 12.85 km (7.98 mi)[209] 18.3 (2018* )[R 41] [R Nb 9] Hyderabad India Hyderabad Metro 2017[210] 2020[211] 57 [211] 3 67.21 km (41.76 mi)[211] 173 (2019* )[R 39] Jaipur India Jaipur Metro 2015[212] [213] 2020[213] 11 [213] 1 12 km (7.5 mi)[213] 22[214] Kanpur India Kanpur Metro 2021[215] – 9 1 8.98 km (5.58 mi) n/a Kochi India Kochi Metro 2017[216] 2024[217] 25 1 28 km (17 mi)[218] 31.1[219] Kolkata India Kolkata Metro 1984[220] 2024[221] 48 [222] 4 59.38 km (36.90 mi)[222] 256 (2019* )[R 39] Lucknow India Lucknow Metro 2017[223] 2019[224] 21 [223] 1 22.9 km (14.2 mi)[223] 22 (2019* )[R 39] Mumbai India Mumbai Metro 2014[225] 2023[226] 43 [227] 3 46.5 km (28.9 mi)[228] 126 (2018)[R 42] Nagpur India Nagpur Metro 2019[229] 2022[230] 36 [230] 2 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[230] 50.4[231] Navi Mumbai India Navi Mumbai Metro 2023 – 11 1 11.10 km (6.90 mi) n/a Noida India Noida Metro 2019[232] – 21 1 29.7 km (18.5 mi) 16.7[233] Pune India Pune Metro 2022 2024[234] 24 2 29.8 km (18.5 mi) 9.302 million (2023)[235] Jakarta Indonesia Jakarta MRT 2019[236] – 13 1 15.7 km (9.8 mi) 33 (2023)[R 43] Jakarta LRT 2019 – 6 1 5.8 km (3.6 mi) n/a Jabodebek LRT 2023 – 18 2 44.5 km (27.7 mi) n/a Palembang Indonesia Palembang LRT 2018 – 13 1 23.4 km (14.5 mi) n/a Isfahan Iran Isfahan Urban Railway 2015[237] 2018[238] [239] 20[238] 1 20.2 km (12.6 mi)[238] n/a Mashhad Iran Mashhad Urban Railway 2011[240] 2019[241] 35[242] 2 37.5 km (23.3 mi)[243] 50.7 (2018)[R 44] Shiraz Iran Shiraz Metro 2014[244] 2023[Nb 37] 24 2 32.5 km (20.2 mi) 18 (2018)[R 45] Karaj Iran Karaj Metro 2023[245] [Nb 38] 2023[Nb 39] 3[Nb 40] 1 6.5 km (4.0 mi)[246] [Nb 40] n/a Tabriz Iran Tabriz Metro 2015[247] 2020 18 1 17.2 km (10.7 mi) n/a Tehran Iran Tehran Metro 2000[248] [Nb 41] 2024[249] 131 [Nb 42] [250] [251] 6 224.6 km (139.6 mi)[Nb 42] [250] 820 (2018* )[R 46] Brescia Italy Brescia Metro 2013[252] – 17 [253] 1 13.7 km (8.5 mi)[253] 18.7 (2019)[R 47] Catania Italy Catania Metro 1999[254] 2021[Nb 43] [255] 10[256] 1 8.8 km (5.5 mi) 6.5 (2019)[R 48] Genoa Italy Genoa Metro 1990[257] 2012[257] 8[257] 1 7.1 km (4.4 mi)[257] 15.3 (2018)[R 49] [R Nb 10] Milan Italy Milan Metro 1964[258] 2023[258] 113 [Nb 44] 5 104.1 km (64.7 mi)[260] 387.2 (2019)[R 50] Naples Italy Naples Metro [Nb 45] 1993 2021[Nb 46] 27 [261] 4 30.8 km (19.1 mi)[261] 41.1 (2019)[R 51] [R Nb 11] Rome Italy Rome Metro 1955 2018[262] 73 [263] 3 60 km (37 mi)[264] [265] 320 (2018)[R 52] Turin Italy Turin Metro 2006[266] 2021[267] 23 [266] [267] 1 15.1 km (9.4 mi)[267] 42.5 (2018)[R 53] Fukuoka Japan [Nb 47] Fukuoka City Subway 1981[268] 2023[269] 36[269] 3 31.4 km (19.5 mi)[269] 173.3 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Hiroshima Japan [Nb 47] Astram Line 1994[270] 2015[271] 22 1 18.4 km (11.4 mi)[270] 24 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Kobe Japan [Nb 47] Kobe Municipal Subway 1977[270] 2001 28 3 38.1 km (23.7 mi)[270] 114.2 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Kobe New Transit 1977 2006 18 2 15.1 km (9.4 mi) n/a Kyoto Japan [Nb 47] Kyoto Municipal Subway 1981[270] 2008 31[272] 2 31.2 km (19.4 mi)[270] 146.4 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Nagoya Japan [Nb 47] Nagoya Municipal Subway 1957[270] 2011[273] 87[273] 6 93.3 km (58.0 mi)[273] 487.4 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Osaka Japan [Nb 47] Osaka Metro 1933[274] 2006[274] 108 [275] 9 137.8 km (85.6 mi)[274] [276] 870.4 (2016* )[R 55] [R Nb 12] Saitama Japan [Nb 47] New Shuttle 1983 1990 13 1 12.7 km (7.9 mi) N/a Sapporo Japan [Nb 47] Sapporo Municipal Subway 1971[270] 1999 46[277] 3 48 km (30 mi)[270] 226.9 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Sendai Japan [Nb 47] Sendai Subway 1987[278] 2015[279] 29[278] 2 28.7 km (17.8 mi)[278] 82.8 (2022* )[R 56] [R Nb 12] Tokyo Japan [Nb 47] Toei Subway 1960[280] 2002[280] 99 [Nb 48] 4 109 km (68 mi)[280] 1,174.9 (2019* )[R 57] [R 54] [R Nb 12] Nippori-Toneri Liner 2008 2008 13 1 9.7 km (6.0 mi) N/a Yurikamome 1995 1995 16 1 14.7 km (9.1 mi) 48.5 (2018)[283] Tokyo Metro 1927[284] 2020[285] 142 [286] 9 195.1 km (121.2 mi)[287] 2,757.4 (2019* )[R 57] [R 54] [R Nb 12] Rinkai Line 1996[270] 2002 8 1 12.2 km (7.6 mi)[270] 95 (2019* )[R 58] [R Nb 12] Yokohama Japan [Nb 47] Yokohama Municipal Subway 1972[288] 2008[288] 40[288] 2 53.4 km (33.2 mi)[288] 243.2 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Minatomirai Line 2004[270] 2008 6 1 4.1 km (2.5 mi)[270] 80.6 (2019* )[R 54] [R Nb 12] Kanazawa Seaside Line 1989 - 14 1 10.6 km (6.6 mi) N/a Almaty Kazakhstan Almaty Metro 2011[289] 2022[289] 11 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi)[289] 17.1 (2022)[R 3] Pyongyang North Korea Pyongyang Metro 1973 1987[Nb 49] 17 2 22.5 km (14.0 mi) 36 (2009)[R 59] Busan South Korea Busan Metro 1985 2017[Nb 50] 125[Nb 51] 5[Nb 51] 139.1 km (86.4 mi)[290] [Nb 51] 246.3 (2020)[R 60] Daegu South Korea Daegu Metro 1997 2015[Nb 52] 88[291] 3 82.9 km (51.5 mi)[291] 168 (2019)[R 61] [R Nb 13] Daejeon South Korea Daejeon Metro 2006 2007[Nb 53] 22 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi)[292] 40 (2019)[R 61] Gwangju South Korea Gwangju Metro 2004 2008[Nb 54] 20 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi)[293] 19 (2019)[R 61] Incheon South Korea Incheon Subway 1999 2020[294] 56[295] 2 59.7 km (37.1 mi)[295] 199 (2022)[296] Seoul South Korea Seoul Metropolitan Subway [Nb 55] [Nb 56] 1974[297] 2022[298] 337[299] 11[299] 564.2 km (350.6 mi)[299] [Nb 56] 2,403 (2022)[R 62] [R Nb 14] [R Nb 15] Shinbundang Line [Nb 56] (Neo Trans ) 2011 2022[300] 16 1 33.4 km (20.8 mi)[301] 122.5 (2019)[R 63] [R Nb 16] Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Rapid KL [Nb 57] 1996 2023[302] 138 [Nb 58] 6 204.8 km (127.3 mi) 238.5 (2023)[R 64] Guadalajara Mexico Guadalajara Electric Rail System [Nb 59] 1994[Nb 60] 2020 28 1 30 km (19 mi) 114.5 (2021)[R 65] Mexico City Mexico Mexico City Metro 1969[303] 2012[Nb 61] 163 [Nb 62] 12 200.9 km (124.8 mi)[304] [Nb 63] 1057.5 (2022)[R 66] Monterrey Mexico Metrorrey 1991[305] 2021[306] 38 [307] 3 40.2 km (25.0 mi)[307] 109.9 (2020)[R 67] Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Metro 1977 2018[308] 39[309] 5 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 111.3 (2019)[R 68] [R Nb 17] Rotterdam Netherlands Rotterdam Metro [Nb 64] 1968 2023 71 5 102.3 km (63.6 mi)[310] 99 (2019)[R 69] Lagos Nigeria Lagos Rail Mass Transit 2023 2024[311] 5[312] 2 13 km (8.1 mi) n/a Oslo Norway Oslo Metro [Nb 65] 1966[Nb 66] 2016[Nb 67] 101 5 85 km (53 mi)[313] 74 (2020)[R 70] Lahore Pakistan Lahore Metro 2020[314] – 26 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi)[314] 20 (2020-2021)[R 71] Panama City Panama Panama Metro 2014 2023[315] 32 2 37.8 km (23.5 mi) 49.9 (2020)[R 72] Lima Peru Lima Metro 2011 2023 31 2 39.4 km (24.5 mi)[316] 110.4 (2018)[R 73] Manila Philippines Manila Light Rail Transit System 1984[317] 2021[317] 33 [318] 2 37.2 km (23.1 mi)[317] [319] 218.2 (2019)[R 74] [R Nb 18] Manila Metro Rail Transit System 1999 2000 13 1 16.9 km (10.5 mi)[320] 129 (2023)[R 75] Warsaw Poland Warsaw Metro 1995 2022[321] 39 2 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 160.8 (2022) Lisbon Portugal Lisbon Metro 1959[322] 2016[322] 56 [322] 4 44.2 km (27.5 mi)[322] 184.6 (2019)[R 76] Doha Qatar Doha Metro 2019[323] 2019[324] 37[324] 3 76 km (47 mi)[Nb 68] n/a Bucharest Romania Bucharest Metro 1979[325] 2023[326] 64 [327] 5 80.1 km (49.8 mi)[327] 179.2 (2019)[R 77] Kazan Russia Kazan Metro [328] 2005 2018[329] 11[330] 1 16.8 km (10.4 mi)[330] 30.5 (2022)[R 3] Moscow Russia Moscow Metro [331] 1935 2023 229 [Nb 69] [332] 15 514.5 km (319.7 mi)[332] 2,288.5 (2023)[333] Nizhny Novgorod Russia Nizhny Novgorod Metro 1985 2018[334] 15 [334] 2 21.4 km (13.3 mi) 29.9 (2022)[R 3] Novosibirsk Russia Novosibirsk Metro 1986 2010[335] 14 [330] 2 15.9 km (9.9 mi)[330] 77.3 (2022)[R 3] Saint Petersburg Russia Saint Petersburg Metro 1955 2019[336] 72 [Nb 70] [337] 5 124.8 km (77.5 mi)[337] 649 (2022)[R 3] Samara Russia Samara Metro 1987[338] 2015[339] 10 [330] 1 11.6 km (7.2 mi)[330] 11.2 (2022)[R 3] Yekaterinburg Russia Yekaterinburg Metro 1991 2012[340] 9[330] 1 12.7 km (7.9 mi)[330] 38.9 (2022)[R 3] Singapore Singapore Mass Rapid Transit 1987 2022[341] 134 [341] 6 230 km (140 mi) 1,183.7 (2023)[R 78] [R Nb 19] Barcelona Spain Barcelona Metro [Nb 71] 1924 2021[342] 132 [Nb 72] [343] 12 128.3 km (79.7 mi)[343] 371.7 (2022)[R 79] Bilbao Spain Metro Bilbao [Nb 73] 1995[344] 2020[345] [346] 42 [347] [346] 3 45.1 km (28.0 mi)[347] 80.3 (2022)[R 80] Madrid Spain Madrid Metro [Nb 74] 1919[348] 2019[349] 242 [350] 13 293.9 km (182.6 mi)[350] 571.7 (2022)[R 81] Stockholm Sweden Stockholm Metro 1950[351] [Nb 75] 1994[351] 100 [352] 7 108 km (67 mi)[352] 462 (2019)[R 82] [R Nb 20] Lausanne Switzerland Lausanne Métro [Nb 76] 2008[353] – 14 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 32.8 (2019)[R 83] [R Nb 21] Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Rapid Transit 2008 2012 37[354] 2 42.7 km (26.5 mi)[354] 64.8 (2023)[R 84] Taipei Taiwan Taipei Metro 1996[355] 2020[356] 119[Nb 77] 6 152.9 km (95.0 mi)[357] 710.2 (2023)[R 85] Taichung Taiwan Taichung Metro [359] 2021[360] – 18[360] 1 16.7 km (10.4 mi)[360] n/a Taoyuan Taiwan Taoyuan Metro 2017 2023 22[361] 1 53.1 km (33.0 mi) 32.9 (2023)[R 86] Bangkok Thailand BTS Skytrain 1999[362] 2021[363] 64[364] 3 70.05 km (43.53 mi)[364] 266.5 (2023)[R 87] Metropolitan Rapid Transit 2004[365] 2023[366] 107[367] 4 135.9 km (84.4 mi)[367] 167.3 (2023)[R 87] Adana Turkey Adana Metro 2009 2010 13[368] 1 13.5 km (8.4 mi)[368] 14 (2011)[R 88] Ankara Turkey Ankara Metro 1997 2023[369] [Nb 78] 57 [370] 3 67.4 km (41.9 mi)[369] [370] 158.5 (2023)[R 89] Bursa Turkey Bursaray 2002 2014[Nb 79] 39[371] 2 39 km (24 mi)[371] 91.3 (2010)[R 90] Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Metro 1989[372] 2024[373] 146 [Nb 80] 11 243.3 km (151.2 mi)[374] 542 (2022)[R 91] İzmir Turkey İzmir Metro 2000[376] 2024[376] 24[376] 1 27 km (17 mi)[376] 100 (2019)[R 92] Dnipro Ukraine Dnipro Metro 1995 – 6[377] 1 7.8 km (4.8 mi)[377] 7.5 (2018)[R 93] Kharkiv Ukraine Kharkiv Metro 1975 2016 30 [377] 3 38.7 km (24.0 mi)[377] 231.1 (2018)[R 94] Kyiv Ukraine Kyiv Metro 1960 2013 52 [377] 3 67.7 km (42.1 mi)[377] 496.1 (2018)[R 95] Dubai United Arab Emirates Dubai Metro 2009[378] 2021[379] 53 2 89.3 km (55.5 mi)[380] 113.6 (2020)[R 96] Glasgow United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 1896[381] – 15 [381] 1 10.4 km (6.5 mi)[381] 11.9 (2022* )[R 97] Newcastle /Sunderland United Kingdom Tyne and Wear Metro [Nb 65] 1980[Nb 81] 2008 60 2 77.5 km (48.2 mi) 29.3 (2022* )[R 97] London United Kingdom London Underground [382] 1863[1] [Nb 82] 2021[1] 272 [383] 11 402 km (250 mi)[383] 1,026 (2022* )[R 98] [R Nb 22] Docklands Light Railway 1987[384] 2011[384] 45 [384] 7 34 km (21 mi) 92.3 (2022* )[R 97] Atlanta United States MARTA 1979[385] 2000[385] 38 [386] 4 76.6 km (47.6 mi)[386] 28.2 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Baltimore United States Baltimore Metro SubwayLink 1983[387] 1995[388] 14[388] 2 24.9 km (15.5 mi)[388] 2 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Boston United States MBTA subway [Nb 83] 1901[387] [Nb 84] 2022[389] 125 [390] 4 110.56 km (68.70 mi) 111.68 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Chicago United States Chicago "L" [Nb 65] 1892[391] [Nb 85] 2017[392] 145 [393] 8 165.4 km (102.8 mi)[393] [Nb 86] 103.5 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Cleveland United States Red Line (RTA Rapid Transit ) 1955[394] 1968[394] 18 [395] 1 31 km (19 mi)[395] 2.8 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Honolulu United States Skyline 2023 – 9 1 17.4 km (10.8 mi) n/a Los Angeles United States Metro Rail [Nb 87] 1993[396] 2000[396] [Nb 88] 16 [396] [Nb 87] 2 28 km (17 mi)[396] 25.8 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] [R Nb 23] Miami United States Metrorail 1984[397] 2012 23 [398] 2 39.3 km (24.4 mi)[398] 12 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] New York City United States New York City Subway 1904[399] [Nb 89] 2017[400] 424 [Nb 90] 28 399 km (248 mi)[401] 2,027.3 (2023)[R 99] [R Nb 2] Staten Island Railway 1925[387] [Nb 91] 2017[402] 21[399] [403] 1 22.5 km (14.0 mi)[401] 3.8 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] PATH 1908[404] 1937[Nb 92] 13[405] 4 22.2 km (13.8 mi)[406] 45.5 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Philadelphia United States SEPTA [407] [Nb 93] 1907[387] 1973 72 [407] 2 59.1 km (36.7 mi)[408] [409] 41.2 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] PATCO Speedline 1936[387] [Nb 94] 1980[410] 13 [410] 1 22.9 km (14.2 mi)[410] 4.9 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] San Francisco (Bay Area ) United States BART [Nb 95] 1972[411] 2020[412] 47 [411] [Nb 96] 6 192 km (119 mi)[411] [Nb 97] 39.6 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Washington, D.C. United States Washington Metro 1976[413] 2023[414] 98 [413] 6 208 km (129 mi) 136.3 (2023)[R 99] [R Nb 2] San Juan United States Tren Urbano 2004[387] 2005 16 1 17.2 km (10.7 mi) 2.5 (2022)[R 17] [R Nb 2] Tashkent Uzbekistan Tashkent Metro 1977 2023[Nb 98] [415] 48 [416] 4 66.5 km (41.3 mi)[416] 136.7 (2022)[R 3] Caracas Venezuela Caracas Metro [Nb 99] 1983[417] 2015[418] 49 [Nb 100] 5 67.2 km (41.8 mi)[Nb 100] 358 (2017)[R 100] Hanoi Vietnam Hanoi Metro 2021[420] – 12 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 10.7 (2023)[R 101] [R 102]
Table notes ^* Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year .
List by country [ edit ] Recent ridership figures, particularly for 2020, will have been affected by the COVID pandemic.
Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km (millions) Inauguration China 47 9,827.5 km (6,106.5 mi) 281 5,384 2.10 (2020)[R Nb 24] 1971 United States 16 1,386.2 km (861.3 mi) 87 1,237 1.66 (2022) 1892 India 17 902.4 km (560.7 mi) 38 715 3.70 (2021)[R Nb 25] 1984[421] South Korea 6 888.6 km (552.2 mi) 23 648 3.87 (2019) 1974 Japan 15 816.1 km (507.1 mi) 47 774 8.19 (2019) 1927 Russia 7 663.7 km (412.4 mi) 29 426 4.62 (2022) 1935 United Kingdom 4 640.9 km (398.2 mi) 21 392 2.11 (2022) 1863 Spain 3 467.3 km (290.4 mi) 28 539 1.43 (2019) 1919 Turkey 5 390.2 km (242.5 mi) 18 279 1.94 (2019–20)[R Nb 26] 1989 Germany 4 386.8 km (240.3 mi) 24 413 3.59 (2019) 1902 France 6 379.6 km (235.9 mi) 28 504 3.70 (2019–20) 1900 Brazil 8 374.3 km (232.6 mi) 20 266 3.45 (2018–20) 1974 Iran 6 338.5 km (210.3 mi) 17 262 4.08 (2018)[R Nb 27] 1999 Mexico 3 287.5 km (178.6 mi) 18 283 4.37 (2020)[R Nb 28] 1969 Singapore 1 230 km (140 mi) 6 134 3.41 (2020) 1987 Taiwan 5 258.7 km (160.7 mi) 11 231 3.26 (2019–20)[R Nb 29] 1996 Canada 4 243.3 km (151.2 mi) 12 201 2.64 (2022) 1954 Italy 7 239.6 km (148.9 mi) 15 280 3.73 (2018–19) 1955 Malaysia 1 210.4 km (130.7 mi) 6 149 1.60 (2023) 1996 Thailand 2 205.95 km (127.97 mi) 7 171 2.11 (2023) 1999 Chile 1 149 km (93 mi) 7 143 1.88 (2020) 1975 Netherlands 2 143.5 km (89.2 mi) 10 109 1.48 (2019) 1968 Ukraine 3 114.2 km (71.0 mi) 7 88 6.43 (2022) 1960 Sweden 1 108 km (67 mi) 7 100 3.10 (2018) 1950 Egypt 1 93.4 km (58.0 mi) 3 74 n/a 1987 Greece 1 91.7 km (57.0 mi) 3 72 2.92 (2018) 1904 United Arab Emirates 1 89.5 km (55.6 mi) 3 53 1.26 (2020) 2009 Indonesia 4 89.4 km (55.6 mi) 5 50 0.63 (2020) 2018 Norway 1 85 km (53 mi) 5 101 0.87 (2020) 1966 Austria 1 83.3 km (51.8 mi) 5 109 5.51 (2019) 1978 Romania 1 80.1 km (49.8 mi) 5 64 1.6 (2023) 1979 Qatar 1 76 km (47 mi) 3 37 n/a 2019 Venezuela 1 67.2 km (41.8 mi) 5 49 5.32 (2017) 1983 Uzbekistan 1 66.5 km (41.3 mi) 4 43 2.32 (2022) 1977 Czech Republic 1 65.4 km (40.6 mi) 3 61 3.85 (2020) 1974 Argentina 1 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 7 104 1.31 (2020) 1913 Philippines 2 54.1 km (33.6 mi) 3 46 5.82 (2019) 1984 Bulgaria 1 52 km (32 mi) 4 47 1.79 (2018) 1998 Portugal 1 44.2 km (27.5 mi) 4 56 1.93 (2020) 1959 Finland 1 43 km (27 mi) 2 30 1.84 (2023) 1982 Poland 1 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 2 34 5.50 (2019) 1995 Belarus 1 40.8 km (25.4 mi) 3 33 5.54 (2022) 1984 Azerbaijan 1 40.7 km (25.3 mi) 3 27 4.98 (2022) 1967 Belgium 1 39.9 km (24.8 mi) 4 59 2.19 (2020) 1976 Hungary 1 39.4 km (24.5 mi) 4 48 6.09 (2020) 1896 Peru 1 39.4 km (24.5 mi) 2 31 3.19 (2018) 2011 Denmark 1 38.2 km (23.7 mi) 4 39 1.66 (2020) 2002 Panama 1 37.8 km (23.5 mi) 2 29 1.38 (2020) 2014 Australia 1 36 km (22 mi) 1 13 0.35 (2020) 2019 Colombia 1 31.3 km (19.4 mi) 2 27 3.68 (2020) 1995 Dominican Republic 1 31 km (19 mi) 2 34 1.60 (2020) 2009 Georgia 1 27.3 km (17.0 mi) 2 23 2.74 (2022) 1966 Pakistan 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi) 1 26 0.74 (2020–2021) 2020 Ecuador 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi) 1 15 n/a 2023 North Korea 1 22 km (14 mi) 2 16 1.63 (2009) 1973 Bangladesh 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi) 1 16 n/a 2022 Algeria 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi) 1 19 2.40 (2019) 2011 Kazakhstan 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi) 1 11 1.27 (2022) 2011 Vietnam 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 1 12 n/a 2021 Nigeria 1 13 km (8.1 mi) 1 5 n/a 2023 Armenia 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi) 1 10 1.93 (2022) 1981 Switzerland 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 1[R Nb 30] 14 5.55 (2019) 2008
Under construction [ edit ] The following is a list of new worldwide metro systems that are currently actively under construction. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it begins operational service. Only metro systems under construction are listed where there are no metro systems currently in operation in the same city.
The countries of Ivory Coast , Mongolia , Saudi Arabia and Serbia are currently constructing their first ever metro systems.
Planned metro systems [ edit ] The following is a list of worldwide metro systems that are proposed, approved or cancelled. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it starts construction. Only metro systems planned are listed where there are no metro systems currently in operation or under construction in the same city.
The countries of Brunei , Bahrain , Cambodia , Costa Rica , Croatia , Ghana , Guatemala , Ireland , Israel , Kuwait , Laos , Latvia , Lithuania , Malta , Morocco , Myanmar , New Zealand , Nepal , Oman , Slovakia , Sri Lanka , Syria , Turkmenistan and Uruguay made plans for their first ever metro system.