Javelin throw at the Olympics
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| Javelin throw at the Olympic Games | |
|---|---|
 The 1948 javelin throw competition, Tapio Rautavaara (FIN) | |
| Overview | |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Gender | Men and women |
| Years held | Men: 1908 – 2020 Women: 1932 – 2020 |
| Olympic record | |
| Men | 90.57 m Andreas Thorkildsen (2008) |
| Women | 71.53 m Osleidys Menéndez (2004) |
| Reigning champion | |
| Men |  Neeraj Chopra (IND) |
| Women |  Liu Shiying (CHN) |
The javelin throw at the Summer Olympics is one of four track and field throwing events held at the multi-sport event. The men's javelin throw has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1908, being the last of the current throwing events to feature at the Olympics after the shot put, discus throw and hammer throw. The women's event was first contested at the 1932 Olympics, becoming the second women's throws event after the discus in 1928.[1][2]
Two variants of the javelin have featured on the Olympic programme: a freestyle version was first contested at the 1906 Intercalated Games and then again the 1908 London Olympics. A one-off two-handed version was held at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics.
Medalists[edit]
Men[edit]
A YouTube video showcasing all men's javelin throw's Olympic winners can be found here.
Multiple medalists[edit]
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jan Železný |  Czechoslovakia (TCH) Czech Republic (CZE) | 1988–2000 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Eric Lemming |  Sweden (SWE) | 1908–1912 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Jonni Myyrä |  Finland (FIN) | 1920–1924 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Andreas Thorkildsen |  Norway (NOR) | 2004–2008 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 5 | Jānis Lūsis |  Soviet Union (URS) | 1964–1972 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 6 | Viktor Tsybulenko | Soviet Union (URS) | 1956–1960 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Keshorn Walcott |  Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) | 2012–2016 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 8 | Steve Backley |  Great Britain (GBR) | 1992–2000 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 9 | Gergely Kulcsar |  Hungary (HUN) | 1960–1968 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Seppo Räty | Finland (FIN) | 1988–1996 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| 11 | Sergey Makarov |  Russia (RUS) | 2000–2004 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 12 | Vítězslav Veselý | Czech Republic (CZE) | 2012–2020 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Medalists by country[edit]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Finland (FIN) | 7 | 8 | 7 | 22 |
| 2 | Soviet Union (URS) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| 3 | Sweden (SWE) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
| 4 | Norway (NOR) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 5 | Czech Republic (CZE) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 6 |  Germany (GER)[nb] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Hungary (HUN) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 8 |  United States (USA) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 9 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 10 | Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 11 | India (IND) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| West Germany (FRG) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 13 | Great Britain (GBR) | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 14 |  Latvia (LAT) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 15 |  Kenya (KEN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Poland (POL) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 17 | Russia (RUS) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 18 |  East Germany (GDR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Romania (ROU) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
- nb The German total includes teams both competing as Germany and the United Team of Germany, but not East or West Germany.
Women[edit]
A YouTube video showcasing all women's javelin throw's Olympic winners can be found here.
Multiple medalists[edit]
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Barbora Špotáková | Czech Republic (CZE) | 2008–2016 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 2 | Ruth Fuchs | East Germany (GDR) | 1972–1976 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Dana Zátopková | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 1952–1960 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Mihaela Peneş | Romania (ROU) | 1964–1968 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| 5 | Tilly Fleischer | Germany (GER) | 1932–1936 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Trine Hattestad | Norway (NOR) | 1996–2000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| Osleidys Menéndez |  Cuba (CUB) | 2000–2004 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 8 | Fatima Whitbread | Great Britain (GBR) | 1984–1988 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Mirela Maniani |  Greece (GRE) | 2000–2004 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Christina Obergföll | Germany (GER) | 2008–2012 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 11 | Yelena Gorchakova | Soviet Union (URS) | 1952–1964 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Kate Schmidt | United States (USA) | 1972–1976 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Medalists by country[edit]
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | East Germany (GDR) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
| 2 | Germany (GER) | 2 | 4 | 4 | 10 |
| 3 | Soviet Union (URS) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| 4 | Cuba (CUB) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Czech Republic (CZE) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
| 6 | Finland (FIN) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 8 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Hungary (HUN) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Romania (ROU) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| 11 | United States (USA) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 12 |  Austria (AUT) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Norway (NOR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 14 |  Croatia (CRO) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| China (CHN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 16 | Greece (GRE) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Poland (POL) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 18 |  Australia (AUS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Chile (CHI) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Russia (RUS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 South Africa (RSA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Unified Team (EUN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| West Germany (FRG) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 24 |  Denmark (DEN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Intercalated Games[edit]
The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.[4]
A men's freestyle javelin event was contested at the 1906 Games – the first time the javelin featured on the Olympic programme. The competition was dominated by Swedish athletes, who took the first four places.[5] Eric Lemming was a comfortable winner by a margin of over eight metres and he would go on to win the first two Olympic titles proper in 1908 and 1912.[6] A 100 metres finalist, Knut Lindberg, was the silver medallist,[7] while the third placer, Bruno Söderström, also won a pole vault medal that year.[8]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1906 Athens |  Eric Lemming (SWE) | Knut Lindberg (SWE) | Bruno Söderström (SWE) |
Variants[edit]
1908 freestyle javelin throw[edit]
Following the freestyle javelin contest at the 1906 Intercalated Games, the event was continued at the 1908 London Olympics in spite of the addition of the standard style javelin as well. Eric Lemming won his second freestyle title, and his first officially recognised Olympics gold, and also won the standard style event as well.[6] The freestyle event was dropped after 1908.[9]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1908 London | Eric Lemming (SWE) |  Mikhail Dorizas (GRE) | Arne Halse (NOR) |
Two-handed javelin throw[edit]
At the 1912 Stockholm Olympics a two-handed variant of the standard javelin throw competition took place. Each athlete had three attempts using each hand and their score was calculated by adding their best performances for the left and right hands. It featured two rounds, with the top three after the first round receiving a further three attempts with each arm.[10]
Finnish athletes completed a podium sweep as Julius Saaristo, the runner-up in the 1912 standard javelin event, took the gold medal. Eric Lemming, champion in the one-handed event, performed poorly with his left hand and finished in fourth place.[10]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | Julius Saaristo (FIN) | Väinö Siikaniemi (FIN) | Urho Peltonen (FIN) |
References[edit]
- Participation and athlete data
- Athletics Men's Javelin Throw Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.
- Athletics Women's Javelin Throw Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.
- Olympic record progressions
- Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS. Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-03-12.
- Specific
- ^ Olympic Medalists Men. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ Olympic Medalists Women. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ Mariya Abakumova, from Russia, was disqualified in 2016, after retesting. Sayers was later confirmed as the bronze medalist.
- ^ 1906 Athina Summer Games Archived 2013-09-22 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.
- ^ Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's Javelin Throw, Freestyle Archived 2010-08-05 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ a b Eric Lemming Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ Knut Lindberg Archived 2014-08-04 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ Bruno Söderström Archived 2013-12-13 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ Athletics Men's Javelin Throw, Freestyle Medalists Archived 2014-08-04 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
- ^ a b Athletics at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games: Men's Javelin Throw, Both Hands Archived 2010-08-05 at the Wayback Machine. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
External links[edit]
- IAAF javelin throw homepage
- Official Olympics website
- Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News
- A video showcasing all men's javelin throw's winners
- A video showcasing all women's javelin throw's winners
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