List of communist parties in India
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This page contains a list of political parties in India that are aligned with the communist ideology.
- Communist Party of India [Abbr. CPI] is the first and oldest communist party in India. Now it is a State Party in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Manipur.
- Communist Party of India (Marxist) [Abbr. CPI(M)] is the largest communist party in terms of electoral performance. Now its is the only communist National Party in India.
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation [Abbr. CPI(ML)L] is the third most largest communist party in India with state party status in Bihar.
- Revolutionary Socialist Party [Abbr. RSP] is the fourth largest communist party in India with state party status in Kerala.
- Communist Party of India (Maoist) [Abbr. CPI(Maoist)] is the extreme left communist party in India and is banned by Government of India because of anti-national activities.
Communist Parties Registered with Election Commission of India[edit]
Communist Parties with National Party Status[edit]
A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the three conditions listed below:[1]
- The party wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha from at least three different states.[2]
- At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
- The party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | State/UT governed | State/UT in Alliance partner in government | Seats in Lok Sabha | Seats in Rajya Sabha | Seats in State Assemblies | Seats in State Councils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M)[3][4] | Communism[5] | 7 November 1964[6][7][8] | Sitaram Yechury (General Secretary)[9][10][11] | 1/31 | 3 / 31 | 3 / 543 | 5 / 245 | 82 / 4,036 | 0 / 426 |
Communist Parties with State Party Status[edit]
A party has to fulfill any of the following conditions for recognition as a state party:
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least 2 seats in that state assembly.
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least 1 seat in Lok Sabha.
- A party should win minimum three percent of the total number of seats or a minimum of three seats in the Legislative Assembly, which ever is higher.
- A party should win at least one seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that State.
- Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures 8% or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Recognised In | States/UT Governed | Seats in Lok Sabha | Seats in Rajya Sabha | Seats in State Assemblies | Seats in State Councils | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chief minister | Alliance partner | ||||||||||||
CPI | Communism | 26 December 1925(98 years ago) | D. Raja | Kerala, | 0/31 | 4 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 2 / 245 | 22 / 4,036 | 1 / 426 | |||
CPI(ML)L[12] | Communism[13] Marxism–Leninism Maoism[13] | 28 July 1974[14][15][16] | Dipankar Bhattacharya[17][18][19] | Bihar[20] | 0/31 | 2 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 13 / 4,036 | 0 / 426 | |||
RSP(I)[21] | Communism Marxism–Leninism[22] Revolutionary socialism | 19 March 1940 | Manoj Bhattacharya[23] | Kerala[21] | 0/31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,036 | 0 / 426 |
Minor Communist Parties[edit]
In Kerala
- Janadhipathya Samrakshana Samithi (JSS)
- Communist Marxist Party (CMP)
- Revolutionary Marxist Party of India (RMPI)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) RSP(L)
Pro-armed struggle Communist Parties[edit]
Extremist Pro-Naxal/ Maoist Communist Parties[edit]
- CPI(Maoist) led by Muppala Lakshmana Rao
- RCCI(Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
- Communist Party of United States of India led by Veeranna
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Koora Rajanna led by Koora Rajanna
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Ranadheer led by Ranadheer
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Chandra Pulla Reddy led by Chandra Pulla Reddy
- CPI(ML) (Mahadev Mukherjee) led by Mahadev Mukherjee
- CPI(ML) Central Team
- Communist Party Reorganisation Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist)
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Ramnath
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Parikalpana
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Revisionist
- Re-organizing Committee, Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist)
Defunct Communist Parties[edit]
- Marxist Communist Party of India
- Marxist League (India)
- Marxist League of Kerala
- National Democratic Front of Boroland
- National Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Naxalbari
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Pakistan Communist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War
- Punjab Communist Revolutionary Committee
- Real Communist Party of India
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Red Flag
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist)
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Communist Council of India
- Revolutionary Communist Party (India)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Das)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Tagore)
- Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Marxist Party
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Sreekandan Nair)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist)
- Revolutionary Workers Party (India)
- Samyavadi Sangstha
- Socialist Party (Marxist)
- Socialist Workers Party (India)
- Tamil Nadu Communist Party
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Ajmer group)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Anand)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Harbhajan Sohi)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) Subodh Mitra
- Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Workers and Peasants Party (India)
- Workers Revolutionary Party (India)
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
Defunct Naxal-Maoist Communist Parties[edit]
Logo | Name | Abbr./A.k.a | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries | AICCCR | Charu Majumdar; Kanu Sanyal | 1967 | 1969 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | CPI (ML) | Charu Majumdar | 1969 | 1972 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War | 1980 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought | ||||
Maoist Communist Centre | MCC | 1975 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
Separatist Communist Parties[edit]
Active Communist Parties[edit]
Manipur[edit]
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak | PREPAK | Communism Separatism | 9 November 1977 | |||
People's Liberation Army of Manipur | PLA-MP/PLAM | Communism Mao Zedong Thought Separatism | 25 September 1979 | |||
Kangleipak Communist Party | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism | 14 April 1980 | Ibungo Ngangom | The KCP has now been divided into numerous factions.[24] | ||
Maoist Communist Party of Manipur | MCPM | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Separatism | September 2011 | Chiranglen Sapamcha |
Greater Nepal[edit]
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj | ABNES | Maoism Nepalese unity in India | 1979 | Bhot Bahadur thapa hemraj Singh gaman khtri |
Defunct Communist Parties[edit]
Bodoland[edit]
Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Democratic Front of Boroland | NDFB | B. Saoraigwra G. Bidai[25] B.R. Ferrenga | 1986 | 2020 | Ethnic nationalism[26] Marxism Socialism Democracy Separatism |
|
See also[edit]
- Socialism in India
- Communism in India
- Communism in Kerala
- Naxalite
- List of political parties in India
- Politics of India
- List of Naxalite and Maoist groups in India
References[edit]
- ^ "Dynamics of elevation of political parties to State or National Party". Press Information Bureau. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ "When is a Political Party recognized as a National or State Party?". FACTLY. 28 January 2017. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
- ^ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18 January 2013". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
- ^ "ഇന്ത്യ - ചൈന സംഘർഷം : 1962 ൻ്റെ പാഠങ്ങൾ". www.leftclicknews.com/.
- ^ "CIA papers trace split of Indian Communists". The Times of India. 30 June 2007.
- ^ "Communist Party in Kerala". CPI(M). Archived from the original on 14 March 2012.
- ^ "New Central Committee Elected at the 22nd Congress". 22 April 2018. Archived from the original on 27 May 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
- ^ "Sitaram Yechury re-elected as CPI(M) general secretary". Archived from the original on April 29, 2018.
- ^ "Biography of Sitaram Yechuri". winentrance.com. 14 March 2011.
- ^ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbols Dated 01.03.2021". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ a b "General Programme of CPI(ML)". Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website. 6 April 2013. Retrieved 2020-03-23.
- ^ "A Lesson In Dynamism And Dedication". Communist Party of India(Marxist-Leninist) Liberation. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Naxalism today".
- ^ "The road from Naxalbari". www.flonnet.com. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ Sen, Jai (2012). Imagining Alternatives. Other worlds possible?. Gazipur: Daanish Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-93-81144-14-5.
- ^ "Organisation". cpiml.org.
- ^ Bhushan, Ranjit (2016). Maoism in India and Nepal. New York: Routledge. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-315-68549-6.
- ^ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbol dated 01.03.2021". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021.
- ^ a b "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ Bidyut Chakrabarty (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
- ^ "Indian citizenship act against humanity: Manoj Bhattacharya". prothomalo.com. March 2020.
- ^ "KCP's ultra-Left turn worries Manipur | Guwahati News - Times of India". The Times of India. 17 September 2011.
- ^ "Catch me if you can: Bidai". Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ^ Andrew T. .H. Tan (18 October 2010). Politics of Terrorism: A Survey. Routledge. p. 190. ISBN 978-1-136-83336-6.
- ^ "After 34 yrs of armed struggle, NDFB finally disbands itself | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 11 March 2020.