List of Rosales of South Africa

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

Rosales is an order of flowering plants.[1] It is sister taxon to a clade consisting of Fagales and Cucurbitales.[2] The basal clade consists of the family Rosaceae; another clade consists of four families, including Rhamnaceae; and the third clade consists of the four urticalean families.[3] The order Rosales is strongly supported as monophyletic in phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences.[4]

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[5]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[6] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[7]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[8]

Six families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Cannabaceae[edit]

Cannabis[edit]

Genus Cannabis:[8]

  • Cannabis sativa L. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer, not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa, not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. spontanea Vavilov, not indigenous, naturalised

Celtis[edit]

Genus Celtis:[8]

Chaetachme[edit]

Genus Chaetachme:[8]

Trema[edit]

Genus Trema:[8]

Moraceae[edit]

Ficus[edit]

Genus Ficus:[8]

Maclura[edit]

Genus Maclura:[8]

Morus[edit]

Genus Morus:[8]

  • Morus alba L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Morus alba L. var. alba, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Morus japonica Audib. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Morus mesozygia Stapf ex A.Chev. indigenous

Sycomorus[edit]

Genus Sycomorus:[8]

Trilepisium[edit]

Genus Trilepisium:[8]

Rhamnaceae[edit]

Berchemia[edit]

Genus Berchemia:[8]

Colubrina[edit]

Genus Colubrina:[8]

Helinus[edit]

Genus Helinus:[8]

Lasiodiscus[edit]

Genus Lasiodiscus:[8]

Noltea[edit]

Genus Noltea:[8]

Phylica[edit]

Genus Phylica:[8]

Rhamnus[edit]

Genus Rhamnus:[8]

Scutia[edit]

Genus Scutia:[8]

Trichocephalus[edit]

Genus Trichocephalus:[8]

Ziziphus[edit]

Genus Ziziphus:[8]

Rosaceae[edit]

Acaena[edit]

Genus Acaena:[8]

Agrimonia[edit]

Genus Agrimonia:[8]

Alchemilla[edit]

Genus Alchemilla:[8]

Cliffortia[edit]

Genus Cliffortia:[8]

Cotoneaster[edit]

Genus Cotoneaster:[8]

Crataegus[edit]

Genus Crataegus:[8]

Cydonia[edit]

Genus Cydonia:[8]

Duchesnea[edit]

Genus Duchesnea:[8]

Eriobotrya[edit]

Genus Eriobotrya:[8]

Fragaria[edit]

Genus Fragaria:[8]

Geum[edit]

Genus Geum:[8]

Leucosidea[edit]

Genus Leucosidea:[8]

Potentilla[edit]

Genus Potentilla:[8]

Prunus[edit]

Genus Prunus:[8]

  • Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, indigenous
  • Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. persica, accepted as Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Prunus salicifolia Kunth, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Prunus serotina Ehrh. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Pyracantha[edit]

Genus Pyracantha:[8]

Pyrus[edit]

Genus Pyrus:[8]

Rhaphiolepis[edit]

Genus Rhaphiolepis:[8]

Rosa[edit]

Genus Rosa:[8]

  • Rosa eglanteria L. accepted as Rosa rubiginosa L. present
  • Rosa multiflora Thunb. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
    • Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex J.Murray var. cathayensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
    • Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex J.Murray var. welchii, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Rosa rubiginosa L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Rosa x odorata (Andrews) Sweet, not indigenous, naturalised

Rubus[edit]

Genus Rubus:[8]

Sanguisorba[edit]

Genus Sanguisorba:[8]

  • Sanguisorba minor Scop. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Sanguisorba minor Scop. subsp. muricata Briq. not indigenous, naturalised

Ulmaceae[edit]

Ulmus[edit]

Genus Ulmus:[8]

Urticaceae[edit]

Didymodoxa[edit]

Genus Didymodoxa:[8]

  • Didymodoxa caffra (Thunb.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, indigenous
  • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, indigenous
    • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. capensis, indigenous
    • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. integrifolia (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, endemic

Droguetia[edit]

Genus Droguetia:[8]

  • Droguetia ambigua Wedd. endemic
  • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. indigenous
    • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. subsp. burchellii (N.E.Br.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, endemic
    • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. subsp. iners, indigenous

Forsskaolea[edit]

Genus Forsskaolea:[8]

Girardinia[edit]

Genus Girardinia:[8]

Laportea[edit]

Genus Laportea:[8]

Obetia[edit]

Genus Obetia:[8]

Parietaria[edit]

Genus Parietaria:[8]

Pilea[edit]

Genus Pilea:[8]

Pouzolzia[edit]

Genus Pouzolzia:[8]

Urera[edit]

Genus Urera:[8]

Urtica[edit]

Genus Urtica:[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Stevens, Peter F. (2001). "Rosales". www.mobot.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  2. ^ Hengchang Wang; Michael J. Moore; Pamela S. Soltis; Charles D. Bell; Samuel F. Brockington; Roolse Alexandre; Charles C. Davis; Maribeth Latvis; Steven R. Manchester; Douglas E. Soltis (10 March 2009). "Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (10): 3853–3858. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.3853W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0813376106. PMC 2644257. PMID 19223592.
  3. ^ Douglas E. Soltis, et alii. (28 authors) (2011). "Angiosperm Phylogeny: 17 genes, 640 taxa". American Journal of Botany. 98 (4): 704–730. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000404. hdl:2027.42/142064. PMID 21613169.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F.; Donoghue, Michael J. (2008). Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach (Third ed.). Sunderland, MA, USA.: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2.
  5. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082. S2CID 44844947.
  6. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  7. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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