List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Tanzania

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Map of the Ruhuhu Basin with
Manda Formation in orange
Usili Formation in blue
Ruhuhu Formation in green

This is a list of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Tanzania.


List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units[edit]

Group Formation Period Notes
Mbuga Clays Formation Pleistocene-Holocene [1][2]
Peninj Gorge Humbu Formation Gelasian-Calabrian [3]
Sambu Lavas Formation Zanclean-Calabrian [4]
Vogel River Olduvai Formation Pleistocene [5]
Zanclean-Gelasian [6]
Upper Laetolil Beds Zanclean [7]
Mikindani Formation Messinian-Pliocene [8]
Wembere-Manonga Formation Miocene-Pliocene [9]
Pemba Formation Early-Middle Miocene [10]
Masingini Formation Early Miocene [11]
Pugu Formation Early Miocene [12]
Red Sandstone Nsungwe Formation Late Oligocene [13]
Galula Formation Aptian-Campanian [14]
Kilwa Kivinje Formation Selandian [15]
Nangurukuru Formation Santonian-late Campanian [16]
Lindi Formation early Cenomanian-late Turonian [17]
Kingongo Marl early Cenomanian [18]
Tendaguru Formation Oxfordian-Berriasian [19]
Tanga Limestone Bathonian [20]
Songea Manda Formation Anisian [21]
Usili Formation Lopingian [22]
Ruhuhu Formation Wordian-Capitanian [23][24][25]
Beaufort Middle Tanga Formation Lopingian [26]
Karoo Hatambulo Formation Wordian-Changhsingian [27]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Hatambulo Formation
  • Hankel, O. 1987. Lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Karoo rocks of the Luwegu Basin (Tanzania) and their biostratigraphic classification based on microfloras, macrofloras, fossil woods and vertebrates. Geologische Rundschau 76. 539-656. .
Kilwa Group
  • Berrocoso, Á J.; B. T. Huber; K. G. MacLeod; M. R. Petrizzo; J. A. Lees; I. Wendler; H. Coxall; A. K. Mweneinda, and F. Falzoni, H. Birch, J. M. Singano, S. Haynes, L. Cotton, J. Wendler, P. R. Bown, S. A. Robinson, and J. Gould. 2012. Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene sediments from southern Tanzania: Tanzania Drilling Project Sites 27-35. Journal of African Earth Sciences 70. 36-57. .
  • Berrocoso, Á J.; K. G. MacLeod; B. T. Huber; J. A. Lees; I. Wendler; P. R. Bown; A. K. Mweneinda; C. I. Londoño, and J. M. Singano. 2010. Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous sediments from southern Tanzania: Tanzania drilling project sites 21-26. Journal of African Earth Sciences 57. 47-69. .
Kingongo Marl
  • Kennedy, W. J., and N. J. Morris. 2018. An early Cenomanian ammonite fauna from near Lindi, Tanzania. Cretaceous Research 87. 84-101. .
Mikindani Formation
  • Reuter, M.; F. R. Bosellini; A. F. Budd; S. Coric; W. E. Piller, and M. Harzhauser. 2019. High coral reef connectivity across the Indian Ocean is revealed 6–7 Ma ago by a turbid-water scleractinian assemblage from Tanzania (Eastern Africa). Coral Reefs x. .. .
Olduvai Formation
  • Leakey, M. D., and D. A. Roe. 1994. Olduvai Gorge: Excavations in Beds III, IV, and the Masek Beds, 1968-71, 1-5. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Tobias, P. V. 1991. Olduvai Gorge, Parts I-Iv: The Skulls, Endocasts, and Teeth of Homo habilis, 1-4. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Gentry, A. W., and A. Gentry. 1978. Fossil Bovidae (Mammalia) of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Part I. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History 29. 289-446. .
  • Hay, R. L. 1976. Geology of the Olduvai Gorge, x. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  • Greenwood, P. H., and E. J. Todd. 1970. Fish remains from Olduvai. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 2. 225-241. .
Pemba Formation
Peninj Gorge Group
  • Geraads, D. 1987. La faune des depots pleistocenes de Ouest du lac Natron (Tanzanie) interpretation biostratigraphique. Sci.Geol.Bulletin 40. 167-184. .
  • Ndessokia, P. 1987. Paleofauna composition and paleoenvironment of Peninj (Morita Nane Site) in West Lake Natron Basin, northern Tanzania. Sci.Geol.Bulletin 40. 203-208. .
  • Isaac, G. 1967. The stratigraphy of the Peninj group:early middle Pleistocene formations west of Lake Natron. In: Background to evolution in Africa, 229-257. x.
  • Isaac, G. 1965. The stratigraphy of the Peninj beds and the provenance of the Natron australopithecine mandible. Quaternaria 7. 101-113. .
Pugu Formation
  • Schluter, T. 1997. Geology of East Africa, 1-484. x.
Tanga Limestone
Wembere-Manonga Formation
  • Van Damme, D., and A. Gautier. 1997. Late Cenozoic Freshwater Mollusks of the Wembere-Manonga Formation, Manonga Valley, Tanzania. In T. Harrison (ed.), Neogene Paleontology of the Manonga Valley, Tanzania, 351-360. Plenum Press, New York and London.
  • Harrison, T., and M. L. Mbago. 1997. Introduction: Paleontological and Geological Research in the Manonga Valley, Tanzania. In T. Harrison (ed.), Neogene Paleontology of the Manonga Valley, Tanzania, 1-32. Plenum Press, New York and London.