Mugearite
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
 |
| Igneous rock | |
 Mugearite lava flow (on right); flow on left is hawaiite; at North Berwick, Scotland | |
| Composition | |
|---|---|
| oligoclase, olivine |
Mugearite (/ˈmʌɡiəraɪt/) is a type of oligoclase-bearing basalt, comprising olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides. The main feldspar in mugearite is oligoclase.[1]
Mugearite is a sodium-rich member of the alkaline magma series. In the TAS classification of volcanic rock, mugearite is classified as sodium-rich basaltic trachyandesite.[2]
Examples[edit]
Western Scotland[edit]
Mugearite was first identified at Mugeary on the island of Skye, Scotland by Alfred Harker in 1904.[3] Outcrops of mugearite also occur on the island of Mull. These examples of mugearite were formed during a period of continental flood basalt[4] volcanic activity that happened in western Scotland during the Paleogene period of the Earth's geological history, when the North Atlantic Ocean opened between Europe and North America.
Oceanic islands[edit]
Mugearite has been erupted by the volcanoes of some oceanic islands at hotspots. Examples are Hawaii, Ascension Island, Saint Helena, Réunion, Mauritius and Tahiti.[5]
Mars[edit]
Analysis of a Martian rock found by the Curiosity rover and named "Jake Matijevic" (or "Jake M"), after a NASA engineer, determined that this Martian rock is very similar to mugearite erupted on Earth.[3][6][7][8]
References[edit]
- ^ "Mugearite". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- ^ Le Bas, M. J.; Streckeisen, A. L. (1991). "The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks". Journal of the Geological Society. 148 (5): 825–833. Bibcode:1991JGSoc.148..825L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.4446. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.148.5.0825. S2CID 28548230.
- ^ a b Amos, Jonathan (17 October 2012). "Cosmic coincidence on the road to Glenelg". BBC News. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- ^ Williamson, I. T.; Bell, B. R. (1994). "The Palaeocene lava field of west-central Skye, Scotland: Stratigraphy, palaeogeography and structure". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 85 (1): 39–75. doi:10.1017/S0263593300006301. S2CID 131299688.
- ^ https://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens211/igneous_rocks_plate_tectonics.htm
- ^ Stolper, E.M.; Baker, M.B.; Newcombe, M.E.; Schmidt, M.E.; Treiman, A.H.; Cousin, A.; Dyar, M.D.; Fisk, M.R.; Gellert, R.; King, P.L.; Leshin, L.; Maurice, S.; McLennan, S.M.; Minitti, M.E.; Perrett, G.; Rowland, S.; Sautter, V.; Wiens, R.C.; MSL ScienceTeam (2013). "The Petrochemistry of Jake_M: A Martian Mugearite" (PDF). Science. 341 (6153). AAAS: 1239463. Bibcode:2013Sci...341E...4S. doi:10.1126/science.1239463. PMID 24072927. S2CID 16515295.
- ^ Grotzinger, John (September 26, 2013). "Introduction To Special Issue: Analysis of Surface Materials by the Curiosity Mars Rover". Science. 341 (6153): 1475. Bibcode:2013Sci...341.1475G. doi:10.1126/science.1244258. PMID 24072916.
- ^ Webster, Guy; Brown, Dwayne (September 26, 2013). "Science Gains From Diverse Landing Area of Curiosity". NASA. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
Types of basalts | |
|---|---|
| Basalts by tectonic setting | |
| Basalts by form and flow | |
| Basalts by chemistry | |
| Important minerals | |
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