Mukhammas
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Mukhammas (Arabic مخمس 'fivefold') refers to a type of Persian or Urdu cinquain or pentastich with Sufi connections based on a pentameter. And have five lines in each paragraph.
It is one of the more popular verse forms in Tajik Badakhshan, occurring both in madoh and in other performance-genres.[1]
Details of the form[edit]
The mukhammas represents a stanza of two distichs and a hemistich in monorhyme, the fifth line being the "bob" or burden: each succeeding stanza affects a new rhyme, except in the fifth line, e.g., a rhyme scheme of AAAAB CCCCB DDDDB and so forth.
Every stanza of a mukhammas includes five lines.
- In the first stanza, all five lines rhyme.
- In the later stanzas, the first four lines rhyme, but the fifth line breaks the rhyme. It can be repeated, or else its rhyme can be that of the first stanza.[2]
Themes[edit]
A recurrent theme of the mukhammas is praise of Imam Ali and his companions but other themes also occur.
Poets[edit]
Many Urdu poets have contributed to the mukhammas. The important among them include:
Poets who have written the mukhammas in other languages include:
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Limerick". Thepoetsgarret.com. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
- ^ "Terms Index - A Desertful of Roses". Columbia.edu. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
- ^ "Сервис регистрации доменов и хостинга : RU-TLD.RU". Literature.aznet.org. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
