The Dryad (Sibelius)
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| The Dryad | |
|---|---|
| Tone poem by Jean Sibelius | |
 The composer (c. 1911) | |
| Native name | Dryadi |
| Opus | 45/1 |
| Composed | 1910 |
| Publisher | Breitkopf & Härtel (1910)[1] |
| Duration | 6 mins.[2] |
| Premiere | |
| Date | 8 October 1910[2] |
| Location | Kristiania, Norway |
| Conductor | Jean Sibelius |
| Performers | Kristiania Musical Association |
The Dryad (in Finnish: Dryadi), Op. 45/1, is a tone poem for orchestra written in 1910 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. He completed it between skiing trips. He conducted the first performance in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway, on 8 October 1910, together with the premiere of In memoriam. He arranged it for piano in 1910 (Die Dryade). The piece has been regarded as one of the composer's "shortest and most original orchestral works", as an "impressionist miniature", proceeding from fragments to a "dance-like theme".[3]
Structure[edit]
The work is scored for piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets (in B♭), bass clarinet (in B♭), 2 bassoons, 4 horns (in F), 3 trumpets (in B♭), 3 trombones, tuba, tambourine, castanets, snare drum, bass drum and strings.[4]
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\key d \major \time 3/4 \tempo ""
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{
b''8-. ^\p [ g-.] fis-. eis-. r4 a8-.[ f-.] e-. dis-. r4
g8-.[ es-.] d-. cis!-. r4 cis8-. c-. b-. ais-. a-. gis-.
}
\\
{
r4 r8 eis'_\p ( \times 2/3 { fis8\< g gis } a8\! ) r r dis,( \times 2/3 { e8\< f fis }
g8\! ) r r cis,( \times 2/3 { d8\< es e } dis8\! ) dis-. dis-. dis-. dis-. dis-.
}
>>
}](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/a/e/ae89ars3smq6nay5spntwrmm0sk0gr9/ae89ars3.png)
Discography[edit]
The Finnish conductor Nils-Eric Fougstedt and the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra made the world premiere studio recording of The Dryad in 1959 for the Society of Finnish Composers (in Finnish: Suomen Säveltäjät).[2] The table below lists this and other commercially available recordings:
| No. | Conductor | Ensemble | Rec.[a] | Time | Recording venue | Label | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nils-Eric Fougstedt | Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra | 1959 | ? | ? | Suomen Säveltäjät | |
| 2 | Sir Charles Groves | Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra | 1975 | 6:01 | Liverpool Philharmonic Hall | EMI Classics | |
| 3 | Sir Alexander Gibson | Royal Scottish National Orchestra | 1977 | 5:44 | Glasgow City Halls | Chandos | |
| 4 | Neeme Järvi | Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra | 1985 | 5:41 | Gothenburg Concert Hall | BIS | |
| 5 | Vassily Sinaisky | Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra | 1991 | 5:43 | Mosfilm Studios | Brilliant Classics | |
| 6 | Shuntaro Sato | Kuopio Symphony Orchestra | 2002 | 6:02 | Kuopio Music Centre | Finlandia | |
| 7 | Osmo Vänskä | Lahti Symphony Orchestra | 2000 | 5:07 | Sibelius Hall | BIS | |
| 8 | Pietari Inkinen | New Zealand Symphony Orchestra | 2007 | 5:46 | Michael Fowler Centre | Naxos |
In addition, the Finnish pianist Erik T. Tawaststjerna made the world premiere studio recording of Sibelius's piano transcription of The Dryad in 1987 for BIS. The table below includes this and other commercially available recordings:
| No. | Pianist | Rec.[j] | Time | Recording venue | Label | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erik T. Tawaststjerna | 1987 | 5:45 | Danderyd Grammar School | BIS | |
| 2 | Folke Gräsbeck | 2007 | 5:10 | Kuusankoski Hall | BIS |
Notes, references, and sources[edit]
- Notes
- ^ Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
- ^ N. Fougstedt–Suomen Säveltäjät (SS 8) 1959
- ^ C. Groves–EMI Classics (5 85532 2) 2003
- ^ A. Gibson–Chandos (CHAN 8395/6) 1985
- ^ N. Järvi–BIS (CD–359) 1987
- ^ V. Sinaisky–Brilliant Classics (BC9212) 2010
- ^ S. Sato–Finlandia (0927–49598–2) 2003
- ^ O. Vänskä–BIS (CD–1225) 2002
- ^ P. Inkinen–Naxos (8.570763) 2008
- ^ Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
- ^ E. Tawaststjerna–BIS (CD–366) 1987
- ^ F. Gräsbeck–BIS (CD–1909/11) 2008
- References
- ^ Dahlström 2003, p. 206.
- ^ a b c Dahlström 2003, p. 205.
- ^ Siren.
- ^ Score, Sibelius: The Dryad, Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig, 1910
- Sources
- Barnett, Andrew (2007). Sibelius. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11159-0.
- Dahlström, Fabian [in Swedish] (2003). Jean Sibelius: Thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke [Jean Sibelius: A Thematic Bibliographic Index of His Works] (in German). Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel. ISBN 3-7651-0333-0.
- Siren, Visa. "Other orchestral works / The Dryad". Jean Sibelius. Finnish Club of Helsinki. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
External links[edit]
- The Dryad (Dryadi), Op. 45/1: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Johnston, Blair. The Dryad at AllMusic
