Timeline of Caracas

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Caracas, Venezuela.

Prior to 18th century[edit]

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• 1567 – 25 July: Santiago de León de Caracas established by Spaniard Diego de Losada.^[1][2][3]
• 1577 – Town becomes capital of Venezuela Province, Spanish Empire.^[4]
• 1584 – St. George's Cathedral, Caracas built.^[5]
• 1591 – Caracas coat of arms [es] granted.
• 1593 – Iglesia de San Francisco (church) built.
• 1595 – Town captured by English troops led by George Somers and Amyas Preston^[6]
• 1638 – Roman Catholic Diocese of Caracas founded.^[7]
• 1641 – 11 June: Earthquake.
• 1674 – Caracas Cathedral built.
• 1679 – Town "pillaged by the French."^[8]
• 1700 – Population: 6,000.^[9]

18th century[edit]

• 1721 – University of Caracas founded.^[10]
• 1749 – 20 April: Economic demonstration led by Juan Francisco de León [es].^[5]
• 1763 – Measles outbreaks begin.^[9]
• 1765 – Population: 12,500.^[9]
• 1770 – Population: 20,000.^[9]
• 1777
  • City becomes capital of Captaincy General of Venezuela.^[11]
  • Santa Rosalia parish established.^[9]
• 1779 – City divided into eight administrative wards (barrios).^[9]
• 1781 – Church of the Holy Trinity (Caracas) [es] built.
• 1782 – Theatre built.^[12]
• 1787 – Real Audiencia of Caracas installed.
• 1793 – Consulado (merchant guild) established.^[13][5]

19th century[edit]

• 1802 – Population: 24,000–42,000.^[14][15]
• 1808 – Gazeta de Caracas newspaper begins publication.^[5][16]
• 1810 – Revolt from Spanish control.^[1]
• 1811
  • City becomes capital of First Republic of Venezuela.
  • Divina Pastora parish established.^[9]
• 1812 – 26 March: Earthquake.^[14][3]
• 1813
  • August: City taken by forces of Bolivar.^[4]
  • City becomes capital of Second Republic of Venezuela.
• 1814 – July: 1814 Caracas Exodus.
• 1818 – Academy of music founded.^[17]
• 1820 – City becomes capital of Venezuela Department of Gran Colombia.
• 1821 – 29 June: Bolívar takes city.^[1]
• 1835 – Academia de Dibujo y Pintura (art academy) founded (approximate date).^[18]
• 1861 – Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela [es] established.^[19]
• 1870 – 27 April: April Revolution (Venezuela).^[20]
• 1874
  • National Pantheon of Venezuela established.
  • Bolívar statue erected in Bolívar Square.
• 1881
  • Teatro Municipal de Caracas opens.
  • City becomes part of the Distrito Federal de Venezuela [es].
  • Population: 55,638.^[3]
• 1882 – Horse-drawn streetcar begins operating.^[21]
• 1883
  • La Guaira-Caracas railway begins operating.^[3]
  • Basilica of Santa Capilla (church) built.
  • Academia Venezolana Correspondiente de la Real Española established.^[19]
• 1887 – Academia de Musica y Declamacion (music school) and Academia de Bellas Artes (art school) active.^[22]
• 1889 – Academia Nacional de la Historia de Venezuela inaugurated.^[19]
• 1891 – Population: 72,429.^[3]
• 1894 – Valencia-Caracas railway begins operating.^[23]
• 1895 – Electricidad de Caracas in business.
• 1897 – Miraflores Palace built.

20th century[edit]

• 1900 – Earthquake^[24]
• 1904 - Population: 90,000.(estimate).^[3]
• 1905 – National Theatre opens.
• 1908 – Electric streetcar begins operating.^[21]
• 1909 – El Universal newspaper in publication.^[25][26]
• 1918 – Spanish flu reaches Caracas
• 1922 – Population: 92,212.^[27]
• 1928 – Generation of 1928 anti-Gómez protest.
• 1929 – Cine El Dorado (cinema) opens in San Agustín Parish^[28]
• 1931
  • Caracas Athenaeum founded.^[29]
  • Teatro Principal (Caracas) [es] opens.
• 1937 – Municipal Commission of Town Planning established.^[30]
• 1941 – Population: 269,030 city; 380,099 federal district.^[4]
• 1945
  • Simón Bolívar International Airport, Altamira Square, and Jardin Botanico de Caracas [es].^[31] inaugurated.
  • Caracas Journal newspaper begins publication.^[25]
• 1947 – Caracas Stock Exchange established.
• 1950
  • British School established.
  • Population: 495,064 city; 693,896 urban agglomeration.^[32]
• 1951 – Estadio Olímpico opens.
• 1952
  • Aerial Tramway begins operating.
  • Estadio Universitario opens.
• 1953
  • Radio Caracas Televisión begins broadcasting.
  • Cine Radio City (cinema) opens.^[28]
• 1954 – Centro Simón Bolívar Towers built
• 1958 – El Mundo newspaper begins publication.
• 1959 – La Rinconada Hippodrome opens in Coche Parish
• 1960 – University City built.
• 1961 – Population: 786,710 city;^[33] 1,362,189 federal district.^[5]
• 1963 – December: Christmas display of illuminated Cruz del Ávila [es] begins.
• 1966 – CorpBanca Tower built.
• 1967
  • 29 July: 1967 Caracas earthquake.
  • Simón Bolívar University and Caracas Football Club established.
  • Central Bank of Venezuela Building constructed.
• 1971 – Population: 1,662,627 city; 2,175,400 urban agglomeration (approximate).^[34]
• 1973 – Previsora Tower and Bet-El Synagogue built.
• 1974
  • Poliedro de Caracas (arena) opens.
  • Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Caracas opens.
• 1975
  • 28 October: 1975 Copa América football tournament held.
  • Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar (youth orchestra) headquartered in city.
• 1977 – Parque Zoológico Caricuao opens.^[35]
• 1978 – National Theatre Festival begins (approximate date).^{[citation needed]}
• 1979 – El Diario de Caracas newspaper begins publication.^[25]
• 1982 – Children's Museum of Caracas established.
• 1983
  • Caracas Metro begins operating.
  • Teresa Carreño Theatre and Brígido Iriarte Stadium open.
  • Plaza Caracas [es] and Parque Central Complex built.
  • August: 1983 Pan American Games held.
• 1984 – Mercantil Tower and Provincial Tower built.
• 1987 – Parque Cristal built.
• 1989
  • February: Protests.^[5]
  • National Library of Venezuela building opens.
• 1990
  • Tower of David construction begins.
  • Population: 1,824,892 city; 2,784,042 urban agglomeration.^[36]
• 1993 – Mosque of Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Ibrahim built.
• 1995 – Polar Tower II built.
• 1998 – Centro San Ignacio (commercial building) opens.
• 1999
  • Capital District (Venezuela) established.
  • Movilnet Tower, and Centro Sambil (shopping mall) built.
• 2000
  • Metropolitan District of Caracas created, with jurisdiction over Baruta, Chacao, El Hatillo, Libertador, and Sucre.
  • Alfredo Peña becomes mayor.
  • Mormon temple dedicated.

21st century[edit]

• 2002 – 11 April: Demonstration.
• 2004
  • Juan Barreto becomes mayor.
  • Estrella Roja Football Club formed.
  • 17 October: Fire in Parque Central Complex.
• 2005 – Venezuela International Book Fair begins.
• 2006
  • January: World Social Forum held.
  • Libertador Simón Bolívar Terminal opens.
• 2007
  • May: RCTV closure demonstration.^[37]
  • Squatters occupy Centro Financiero Confinanzas.^[38]
• 2008
  • Antonio Ledezma becomes mayor.^[37]
  • Real Esppor football club formed.
• 2010 – Metrocable (gondola) begins operating.
• 2011 – Population: 2,104,423.^[39]
• 2012 – 20 August: Yare prison riot.
• 2014 – February: 2014–2018 Venezuelan protests begin.
• 2015 - Population: 2,082,130.^[40]
• 2017 - July: Strike in protest against president Maduro.^[41][42]
• 2019 - January: Venezuelan Presidential crisis begins, leading to the 2019 Venezuelan protests

See also[edit]

• Caracas history
• History of Caracas [es]
• Capital District (Venezuela)
• List of newspapers in Venezuela
• List of universities in Caracas
• History of Venezuela

References[edit]

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography[edit]

The examples and perspective in this section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this section, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new section, as appropriate. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Published in the 19th century

• Robert Semple (1812), "(Santiago de Leon de Caracas)", Sketch of the present state of Caracas, Robert Baldwin, OCLC 4107713
• William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Caracas", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros. – via Internet Archive
• Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Caracas". The Capitals of the Globe. New York: Peter Fenelon Collier.
• Richard Harding Davis (1895). "Paris of South America". Harper's New Monthly Magazine.
• Arturo Rivera (1897). Illustrated Guide to Caracas.

Published in the 20th century

• "Venezuela: Caracas". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. Publication ;no. 39. USA: Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c – via Hathi Trust.
• "Caracas". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York. 1908. hdl:2027/mdp.39015024854435 – via Hathi Trust.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• "Carácas" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 298.
• William Alfred Hirst (1915), "Caracas", Guide to South America, New York: Macmillan Company
• P.L. Bell (1922), "Caracas and Commercial District", Venezuela, a Commercial and Industrial Handbook, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
• Annie Smith Peck (1922), "Venezuela", Industrial and Commercial South America, New York: E. P. Dutton & Company
• "Caracas". Collier's Encyclopedia. New York: P.F. Collier & Son. 1928. hdl:2027/mdp.39015073302005.
• Juan Bautista Plaza; Conchita Rexach (1943). "Music in Caracas during the Colonial Period (1770–1811)". Musical Quarterly. 29 (2): 198–213. doi:10.1093/mq/xxix.2.198. JSTOR 739521.
• John D. Martz; Peter B. Harkins (1973). "Urban Electoral Behavior in Latin America: The Case of Metropolitan Caracas, 1958-1968". Comparative Politics. 5 (4): 523–549. doi:10.2307/421395. JSTOR 421395.
• E. Jeffrey Stann (1975). "Transportation and Urbanization in Caracas, 1891–1936". Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs. 17 (1): 82–100. doi:10.2307/174789. JSTOR 174789.
• Robert H. Lavenda (1979). "Social Urbanization and Caracas: A Historical Anthropological Analysis". Urban Anthropology. 8 (3/4): 365–381. JSTOR 40552889. PMID 12265085.
• Kathy Waldron (1981). "Public Land Policy and Use in Colonial Caracas". Hispanic American Historical Review. 61 (2): 258–277. doi:10.2307/2513831. JSTOR 2513831.
• Robert J. Ferry (1989). The Colonial Elite of Early Caracas: Formation and Crisis, 1567–1767. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06399-0.
• "Caracas", Venezuela, Lonely Planet, 1998, p. 114+
• Lorenzo Gonzalez Casas (2002), "Caracas", in A. Almondoz (ed.), Planning Latin America's Capital Cities, 1850–1950, Routledge, ISBN 9780415272650
• David Marley (2005), "Caracas", Historic Cities of the Americas, USA: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1576070271

External links[edit]

Media related to History of Caracas at Wikimedia Commons

• Items related to Caracas, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
• Items related to Caracas, various dates (via Europeana)

10°30′00″N 66°55′00″W / 10.5°N 66.916667°W / 10.5; -66.916667