Ursinae
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
| Ursinae Temporal range: | |
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| A Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Ursidae |
| Subfamily: | Ursinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 |
| Genera | |
| See text. | |
Ursinae is a subfamily of Ursidae (bears) named by Swainson (1835). It was assigned to Ursidae by Bjork (1970), Hunt (1998), and Jin et al. (2007).[1][2][3]
Classification
[edit]The genera Melursus and Helarctos are sometimes also included in Ursus. The Asiatic black bear and the polar bear used to be placed in their own genera, Selenarctos and Thalarctos; these are now placed at subgenus rank.
- Subfamily Ursinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
- †Aurorarctos Jiangzuo & Flynn, 2020
- †Aurorarctos tirawa Jiangzuo & Flynn, 2020
- Helarctos Horsfield, 1825
- Helarctos malayanus (Raffles, 1821) – sun bear
- †Helarctos sinomalayanus (Thenius, 1947)
- Melursus Meyer, 1793
- Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791) – sloth bear
- †Melursus theobaldi (Lydekker, 1884)
- †Protarctos Kretzoi, 1945
- †Protarctos abstrusus (Bjork, 1970)
- †Protarctos boeckhi (Schlosser, 1899)
- †Protarctos ruscinensis (Depéret, 1890)
- †Protarctos yinanensis (Li, 1993)
- Ursus Linnaeus, 1758
- Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780) – American black bear
- Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 – brown bear
- †Ursus deningeri Richenau, 1904
- †Ursus dolinensis (Garcia & Arsuaga, 2001)
- †Ursus etruscus Cuvier, 1823
- †Ursus ingressus Rabeder, Hofreiter, Nagel & Withalm 2004
- †Ursus kudarensis Baryshnikov, 1985
- Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774 – polar bear
- †Ursus minimus (Devèze & Bouillet, 1827)
- †Ursus pyrenaicus (Depéret, 1892)
- †Ursus rossicus Borissiak, 1930
- †Ursus sackdillingensis Heller, 1955
- †Ursus savini (Andrews, 1922)
- †Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller, 1794 – cave bear
- Ursus thibetanus (Cuvier, 1823) – Asiatic black bear
- †Ursus vitabilis? Gidley, 1913
- †Aurorarctos Jiangzuo & Flynn, 2020
A number of hybrids have been bred between American black, brown, and polar bears (see Ursid hybrids).
References
[edit]- ^ Bjork, Philip R. (1970). "The Carnivora of the Hagerman Local Fauna (Late Pliocene) of Southwestern Idaho". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 60 (7). American Philosophical Society: 3–54. doi:10.2307/1006119. JSTOR 1006119.
- ^ Hunt, R. M. (1998). "Ursidae". In Jacobs, Louis; Janis, Christine M.; Scott, Kathleen L. (eds.). Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America: Volume 1, Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulate like Mammals. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 174–195. ISBN 0-521-35519-2.
- ^ Jin, C; Ciochon, RL; Dong, W; Hunt Jr, RM; Liu, J; Jaeger, M; Zhu, Q (2007). "The first skull of the earliest giant panda". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (26): 10932–7. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10410932J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704198104. PMC 1904166. PMID 17578912.
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