165 series

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165 series
Final run of 165 series in June 2003
In service	1963–2003
Manufacturer	Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Kisha Seizo, Nippon Sharyo, Teikoku Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation
Constructed	1963-1970
Entered service	25 March 1963
Scrapped	2009
Number built	701 cars
Number in service	None
Number preserved	3 cars
Number scrapped	698 cars
Formation	3, 4, 6 cars per set
Operators	JNR (1963-1987) JR East (1987-2003) JR Central (1987-2003) JR-West (1987-2003)
Specifications
Car body construction	Steel
Doors	2 per side (except buffet car)
Maximum speed	110 km/h (70 mph)
Traction system	Resistor control
Traction motors	MT54 (120kW)
Power output	120 kW per motor
Electric system(s)	1,500 V DC
Bogies	DT32, TR69
Safety system(s)	ATS-S, ATS-P
Track gauge	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

The 165 series (165系, 165-kei) was an express electric multiple unit (EMU) train type introduced in 1963 by Japanese National Railways (JNR).

During the early 1960s, the Chūō Main Line and Shinetsu Line were electrified, requiring new EMUs for the express services. New powerful trains were required, as the earlier 153 series trains were designed for operation in flat, warm areas.^{[citation needed]}

• Motor output increased from 100 kW to 120 kW
• Proofing against heavy snow and cold weather

• KuMoHa 165: Motorized cab car. 76 seats. 145 cars were built from 1963 to 1970. Coupled to MoHa 164.
• KuHa 165: Cab car. 76 seats. 210 cars were built from 1963 to 1970.
• MoHa 164: Motorized car with pantograph, air compressor and motor-generator. 84 seats. 166 cars were built from 1963 to 1970.
• Moha 165: Motorized car. 84 seats. 21 cars were built from 1963 to 1969. Coupled to MoHa 164.
• SaHa 164: Intermediate trailer car. 56 seats. Only two cars were built in 1966. With kiosk.
• SaHa 165: Intermediate trailer car. 84 seats. 11 cars were built in 1969.
• SaRo 165: Intermediate trailer car. Green car.
• SaHaShi 165: Intermediate trailer car. Buffet and seating. 36 seats. 12 cars were built in 1963. Soba corner instead of 153 series Sushi corner.

A number of 165 series trains were converted for use as Joyful Train sets including the following.

• Nanohana: First EMU-based Joyful Train, introduced in March 1986 and withdrawn August 1998.
• Panorama Express Alps: 3+3-car set converted in 1986 for use on the Chūō Main Line and the Ōito Line. This train was withdrawn in 2001, and sold to Fuji Kyuko in 2002, becoming the Fujikyu 2000 series Fujisan Express.
• Shuttle Maihama
• Yū Yū Tōkai

• 
  165 series Nanohana set, circa 1990
• 
  165 series Panorama Express Alps Joyful Train
• 
  165 series Shuttle Maihama set in March 1990
• 
  The Yū Yū Tōkai joyful train on Yamakita station in 1992
• 
  Fuji Kyuko 2000 series Fujisan Express in August 2009

Nine withdrawn 165 series cars were sold to the Chichibu Railway in 1992 and converted to become Chichibu Railway 3000 series 3-car sets for use on express services.^[1]

• 
  A Chichibu Railway 3000 series EMU, May 2006

• KuHa 165-120, stored for a long period at Mino-Ōta Depot in Minokamo, Gifu, before being moved by road to Hamamatsu Depot in February 2013^[2]
• KuMoHa 165-108, (built 1966 by Tokyu Car) at SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya^[3]
• MoHa 164-72, stored at Mino-Ōta Depot in Minokamo, Gifu^[4]
• SaRo 165-106, (built 1967 by Teikoku Sharyo) at SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya^[3]

• 
  SaRo 165–106, preserved at Hamamatsu Works, July 2010

• 167 series
• 169 series

Wikimedia Commons has media related to JNR 165.

• "JR East 165 series". jreast.co.jp (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 19 February 2004. Retrieved 27 October 2011.