1868 in Wales
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This article is about the particular significance of the year 1868 to Wales and its people.
Incumbents
[edit]- Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey[1][2][3][4]
- Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire – Charles Morgan, 1st Baron Tredegar[5][6]
- Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire – Edward Douglas-Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn (from 14 September)[7]
- Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Edward Pryse[8][2]
- Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – John Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor
- Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire – Robert Myddelton Biddulph[9]
- Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire – Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet[10]
- Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot[11]
- Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire – Edward Lloyd-Mostyn, 2nd Baron Mostyn[12]
- Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire – Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort[13]
- Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire – Sudeley Hanbury-Tracy, 3rd Baron Sudeley[14]
- Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – William Edwardes, 3rd Baron Kensington[15]
- Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – John Walsh, 1st Baron Ormathwaite[16][2]
- Bishop of Bangor – James Colquhoun Campbell[17][18]
- Bishop of Llandaff – Alfred Ollivant[19]
- Bishop of St Asaph – Thomas Vowler Short[20][21][19]
- Bishop of St Davids – Connop Thirlwall[19][22]
Events
[edit]- 13 January – The brig Albion runs aground off Whitford Point and is abandoned by her seven crew members, all of whom drown.[23]
- 22 January – Sixteen vessels are lost in a gale off the Burry estuary, with a total of thirty lives lost.
- 1 February – At the bridge over the Severn at Caersws an approach embankment, damaged by flood water, collapses under a train. The driver and fireman are killed.[24]
- July – Pastor Karl Herman Lunde begins fund-raising for the new Norwegian Seamen's Church in Cardiff.[25]
- 4 August – Opening of the Bala and Dolgelly Railway,[26] completing the Ruabon to Barmouth Line via Corwen and alongside Bala Lake.
- 20 August – Abergele rail disaster: 33 people die in a fire resulting from a collision between a mail train and a set of trucks at Llandulas station near Abergele, the greatest loss of life in a railway accident in Wales.[27]
- October – Work begins on Nant-y-Ffrith reservoir.
- 2 December – The United Kingdom general election leaves Gladstone's Liberals the dominant party in Wales, with 21 seats.[28]
- Among the Conservative members who lose their seats are Crawshay Bailey and Henry Austin Bruce, the latter replaced by two MPs for the expanded constituency of Merthyr Tydfil: Richard Fothergill and Henry Richard.
- Richard Davies becomes MP for Anglesey.
- Love Jones-Parry wins Caernarvonshire from Douglas Pennant.
- George Osborne Morgan is elected for the first time in Denbighshire, winning the seat from the lord lieutenant, Robert Myddelton Biddulph.[9]
- Farmers in Cardiganshire are evicted for returning a Liberal MP, Thomas Lloyd.
- John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, sponsors restoration work at Caerphilly Castle.
- English manufacturer Frederick Walton, the inventor of linoleum, takes up residence on his father's Cwmllecoediog Estate near Aberangell, whose development he begins.[29]
- First publication of the Welsh-language periodical, Baner America, in the USA.[30]
- Y Dydd is founded, with Samuel Roberts (S. R.) as editor.[31]
- Iron Age crannog is discovered on an island in Llangorse Lake, near Brecon.
Arts and literature
[edit]Awards
[edit]- National Eisteddfod of Wales is held at Ruthin.
New books
[edit]English language
[edit]- William Forbes Skene – The Four Ancient Books of Wales
Welsh language
[edit]- Robert Elis (Cynddelw) – Geiriadur Cymreig Cymraeg
- John Ceiriog Hughes – Oriau eraill
- Jabez Edmund Jenkins – Rhiangerdd – Gwenfron o'r Dyffryn
- Griffith Jones (Glan Menai) – Enwogion Sir Aberteifi[32]
- Rhys Gwesyn Jones – Caru, Priodi, a Byw
- John Phillips (Tegidon) – Y Ddeilen ar y Traeth
Music
[edit]- William Lewis Barrett is appointed flautist at the Italian Opera of Lutz.
- Gŵyl Ardudwy music festival is founded by John Roberts (Ieuan Gwyllt).
- Publication of Llyfr Tonau ac Emynau, edited by Edward Stephen (Tanymarian) and Joseph David Jones.
Sport
[edit]- Cricket
- May – A team from Cadoxton play the United South of England (including W. G. Grace) at The Gnoll, Neath.
Births
[edit]- 13 April (in Birkenhead) – Caradoc Rees, politician (d. 1924)
- 29 May – Sydney Nicholls, Wales rugby international player (d. 1946)
- 10 June
- John Jones (Ioan Brothen), poet (d. 1940)
- David Prosser, bishop (d. 1950)
- 2 August – Sir Alfred Edward Lewis, banker (d. 1940)
- 28 August – Thomas Charles Williams, minister (d. 1927)
- 28 November – Arthur Linton, cyclist (d. 1896)
- 30 November – Ernest Newman, English-born music critic of Welsh parentage (d. 1959)[33]
- 29 December – William Owen Jones (Eos y Gogledd), musician (d. 1928)
- date unknown
- Roger Doughty, English-born footballer of Welsh maternity (d. 1914)
- David Matthews, politician (d. 1960)
Deaths
[edit]- 13 January – John Parry, Mormon convert, 79
- 25 April – Sarah Williams, English novelist of Welsh parentage, 30[34]
- 22 June – Owain Meirion, poet, 65
- 3 August – Edward Welch, architect, 61/62
- 17 August – William Nevill, 4th Earl of Abergavenny, 76[35]
- 11 September – Maria James, poet, 74[36]
- 16 September – John Vaughan, English ironmaster, 68[37]
- 24 November – Sir John Dorney Harding, lawyer, 59
- date unknown – Dafydd Jones (Dewi Dywyll), balladeer (born 1803)[38]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 24.
- ^ a b c J.C. Sainty (1979). List of Lieutenants of Counties of England and Wales 1660-1974. London: Swift Printers (Sales) Ltd.
- ^ Nicholas, Thomas (1991). Annals and antiquities of the counties and county families of Wales. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co. p. 695. ISBN 9780806313146.
- ^ Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru. University of Wales Press. 1992. p. 169.
- ^ "Morgan, Charles Morgan Robinson (1792–1875), of Ruperra, Glam. and Tredegar, Mon". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ Edwin Poole (1886). The Illustrated History and Biography of Brecknockshire from the Earliest Times to the Present Day: Containing the General History, Antiquities, Sepulchral Monuments and Inscriptions. Edwin Poole. p. 378.
- ^ Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 26.
- ^ "Death of Colonel Pryse". Cambrian News. 1 June 1888. p. 4. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Myddelton Biddulph, Robert (1805-1872), of Chirk Castle, Denb. and 35 Grosvenor Place, Mdx". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ "Glynne, Sir Stephen Richard, 9th bt. (1807-1874), of Hawarden Castle, Flint". Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ Campbell, Thomas Methuen (2000). "C.R.M. Talbot 1803–1890". Morgannwg. 44: 66–104. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
- ^ Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 29.
- ^ James Henry Clark (1869). History of Monmouthshire. County Observer. p. 375.
- ^ Amy Audrey Locke (1916). The Hanbury Family. Arthur L. Humphreys. p. 170.
- ^ Smith, Jenny (1990). Portraits for a King : the British military paintings of A-J Dubois Drahonet (1791-1834. London: National Army Museum. p. 15. ISBN 9780901721211.
- ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1899). . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 59. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ Fryde, E. B. (1996). Handbook of British chronology. Cambridge England: New York Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 9780521563505.
- ^ Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 266.
- ^ a b c Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 307.
- ^ William Thomas Havard (1959). "Short, Thomas Vowler (1790-1872), bishop of St Asaph". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ The Apostolical Succession in the Church of England. James Parkes and Company. 1866. p. 15.
- ^ Annual Report Presented by the Council to the Court of Governors. National Library of Wales. 1962. p. 59.
- ^ Tovey, Ron. "A Chronology of Bristol Channel Shipwrecks" (PDF). Swansea Docks. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ^ "Impact of scour and flood risk on railway structures" (PDF). Rail Safety and Standards Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2006. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ Virginia Hoel (2016). Faith, Fatherland and the Norwegian Seaman: The Work of the Norwegian Seamen's Mission in Antwerp and the Dutch Ports (1864–1920). Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 77. ISBN 978-90-8704-564-7.
- ^ Lawrence Popplewell (1 November 1984). Gazetteer of the Railway Contractors and Engineers of Wales and the Borders, 1830-1914. Melledgen Press. p. 1867. ISBN 978-0-906637-06-7.
- ^ Hume, Robert (2004). Death by Chance: The Abergele Train Disaster, 1868. Llanrwst: Gwasg Carreg Gwalch. ISBN 0-86381-900-1.
- ^ Davies, John (1993). A history of Wales. London: Allen Lane Penguin Books. p. 432. ISBN 9780713990980.
- ^ Quine, Dan (2022). The Hendre Ddu Tramway. Lydney: Lightmoor Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-915069-15-3.
- ^ George P. Rowell (1872). American Newspaper Directory: Containing Accurate Lists of All the Newspapers and Periodicals Published in the United States and Territories, and the Dominion of Canada and British Colonies of North America. Rowell. p. 165.
- ^ Alan Conway (1 January 1961). The Welsh in America: Letters from the Immigrants. U of Minnesota Press. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-8166-5737-7.
- ^ Ceredigion. Cardiganshire Antiquarian Society. 1972. p. 348.
- ^ Ernest Newman (1955). Fanfare for Ernest Newman. A. Barker. p. 2. ISBN 9781404792340.
- ^ J.J. (1885). Harris, James (ed.). "Queries". The Red Dragon: The National Magazine of Wales. 8: 406.
- ^ Cokayne, George E. (1910). Gibbs, Vicary (ed.). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Vol. I, Ab-Adam to Basing. London: St. Catherine Press. p. 44.
- ^ Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John (1887). Appleton's Cyclopædia of American Biography. Page 399.
- ^ Almond, J. K. "Vaughan, John [Jacky] (1799–1868)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/38091. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Robert Thomas Jenkins. "Jones, David (1803–1868), ballad-writer and strolling ballad-singer". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 30 December 2019.