1933 Griffith Park fire

Griffith Park Fire
Workers fighting the fire atop a hill in the park
Date(s)	October 3, 1933 (1933-10-03) – October 4, 1933 (1933-10-04) (2 days)
Location	Griffith Park, Los Angeles, California
Coordinates	34°8′32.66″N 118°17′36.28″W / 34.1424056°N 118.2934111°W / 34.1424056; -118.2934111
Statistics
Burned area	47 acres (19 ha)
Impacts
Deaths	29
Non-fatal injuries	150+[1]
Map
Location of Fire in Los Angeles

The 1933 Griffith Park Fire was a brush fire that occurred on October 3, 1933, in Griffith Park in Los Angeles, resulting in the deaths of at least 29 civilians who were trying to fight the fire.

During the dry summer and fall of 1933, thousands of workers financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation were hired to clear dry brush and to build trails and roads in Griffith Park.^[2][3] On October 3, 1933, an estimated 3,780 men were working in the park, for a pay of 40 cents per hour.^[2][4] More than 100 squads of 50 to 80 men were at work in the park, each supervised by a foreman or "straw boss".^[2]

A little after 2:00 p.m. PDT, a small fire started in a pile of debris in Mineral Wells Canyon. Many of the workers volunteered or were ordered to fight the fire, but it spread up the canyon. Because there was no piped water in the area, the men tried to beat out the fire with shovels.^[2] Foremen with no knowledge of firefighting initially directed the effort, setting inappropriate back fires and sending hundreds of workers into a steep canyon. The fire department arrived at 2:26 p.m. but found it hard to fight the fire because of the presence of thousands of untrained people.^[2] When the wind changed direction at about 3:00 p.m., the fire rushed up Dam Canyon, jumped a hastily constructed firebreak, and advanced on the workers, killing dozens and injuring more than 100.^[2] By nightfall the fire was under control, after burning about 47 acres (19 ha) of the park's 4,200 acres (1,700 ha).^[2][1]

Because of the disorganized nature of the deployment and the often inaccurate recordkeeping of the work project, it took weeks to establish the exact death toll and identify the bodies. A month after the fire, the Los Angeles County district attorney's office put the official death toll at 29, with 27 dead at the scene and two dead in hospitals afterwards.^[2][4] The Griffith Park fire remained the single-deadliest wildfire in California history for 85 years until being surpassed by the Camp Fire in 2018, which killed 85 people.^[5]

To commemorate the fallen workers, a deodar tree was planted at the entrance to the park along with a memorial plaque. The plaque can no longer be found.^[2] The courts ruled that victims were not eligible for civil compensation due to their unofficial employment by a 'straw boss' (Ca. Public Resources Code).^{[citation needed]}

• List of California wildfires