Andrew Jackson Davis

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Andrew Jackson Davis
Andrew Jackson Davis, in 1847
Born(1826-08-11)August 11, 1826
Blooming Grove, New York, U.S.
DiedJanuary 13, 1910(1910-01-13) (aged 83)
OccupationSpiritualist
SpouseMary Fenn Robinson Davis

Andrew Jackson Davis (August 11, 1826 – January 13, 1910) was an American Spiritualist, born in Blooming Grove, New York.

Early years

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Davis was the son of a shoemaker and had little education.[1] From age 14, Davis claimed to be able to diagnose illness via clairvoyance.[1] In 1843 he heard lectures in Poughkeepsie on animal magnetism, the precursor of hypnotism, and came to perceive himself as having remarkable clairvoyant powers. In the following year he received, he said, spiritual messages telling him of his life work.[2] He described himself as "the Poughkeepsie Seer".[3]

Andrew Jackson Davis, about 1860

Work

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For the next three years (1844–1847) he practiced magnetic healing, a form of therapy regarded as pseudoscience, and in 1847 he published The Principles of Nature, Her Divine Revelations, and a Voice to Mankind, which in 1845 he had dictated while in a trance to his scribe, William Fishbough. He lectured with little success and returned to writing books, publishing about 30 in all, including

Influences and legacy

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Davis was much influenced by Swedenborg and by the Shakers, who reprinted his panegyric praising Ann Lee in the official work Sketch of Shakers and Shakerism (1884).[2]

In writing his 1845 short story "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar", Edgar Allan Poe was informed by Davis's early work after having attended one of his lectures on mesmerism.[4]

Davis's complete library is now housed within the Edgar Cayce Library.[5]

Davis described the concept of Summerland as an undefined location where souls go after death, the secular nature of which was attractive to some non-religious spiritualists.[1]

Critical reception

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In 1855, Davis' spiritualism received an extensive critical analysis by theologian Asa Mahan: Modern Mysteries Explained and Exposed. In Four Parts. I. Clairvoyant Revelations of A. J. Davis... A defender of Davis published an 80-page pamphlet attacking Mahan's analysis.

Regarding Davis' book The Principles of Nature, Joseph McCabe has noted "There is no need to examine the book seriously. The scientific errors and crudities of it release any person from considering whether there was any element of revelation in it... Moreover, Davis was a palpable cheat. He maintained that up to that date he had read only one book in his life, and that book was a novel. We know from his admirers that this was not true, and any person can recognize in his pages a very crude and badly digested mess of early scientific literature."[6] Davis also plagiarised long passages from Swedenborg in The Principles of Nature, which some of Davis's believers take as proof that Davis was inhabited by Swedenborg.[1]

Physician James Joseph Walsh was unconvinced Davis was a genuine clairvoyant. Walsh wrote that although Davis stated that he had only ever read one novel, this was not true as he had read Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation and there was evidence he had read books on sociology.[7]

The spiritualist writings of Davis have been criticized by scientists and skeptics for containing inaccuracies and false information. For example, in one case, Davis seemed unaware that water is a compound of oxygen and hydrogen. Researcher Georgess McHargue pointed out that the supposed "scientific" passages from his writings are filled with "gobbledegook as to put it in the class with the most imaginative vintage science fantasy."[8]

Andrew Jackson Davis, about 1900

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Randi, James (1995). An encyclopedia of claims, frauds, and hoaxes of the occult and supernatural: decidedly sceptical definitions of alternative realities. New York, NY: St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0-312-15119-5.
  2. ^ a b c  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Davis, Andrew Jackson". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 865–866.
  3. ^ Andrew Jackson Davis 1847, The Principles of Nature, Her Divine Revelations, and a voice to mankind.
  4. ^ Sova, Dawn B. Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. New York: Checkmark Books, 2001: 85. ISBN 0-8160-4161-X
  5. ^ "Edgar Cayce Library - The Largest Metaphysical Library in North and South America". www.caycelibrary.com. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  6. ^ McCabe, Joseph. (1920). Spiritualism: A Popular History from 1847. Dodd, Mead and Company. p. 22
  7. ^ Walsh, James J. (1919). History of Medicine in New York: Volume 2. National Americana Society. p. 408
  8. ^ McHargue, Georgess. (1972). Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms: A Survey of the Spiritualist Movement. Doubleday. pp. 70-71. ISBN 978-0385053051

Further reading

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  • James Lowell Moore: Introduction to the Writings of Andrew Jackson Davis. Reprint of the ed. Boston: Christopher, 1930 (1930). Whitefish: Kessinger 2003. ISBN 0-7661-3922-0
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