Carbon (programming language)
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
 Logo on Carbon's GitHub organization | |
| Family | C |
|---|---|
| Designed by | |
| Typing discipline | Static, nominative, partly inferred |
| Implementation language | C++ |
| License | Apache-2.0-with-LLVM-Exception |
| Filename extensions | .carbon |
| Website | github |
| Influenced by | |
| C++, Rust, Swift [citation needed] | |
Carbon is an experimental programming language designed for connectiveness with C++.[1] The project is open-source and was started at Google. Google engineer Chandler Carruth first introduced Carbon at the CppNorth conference in Toronto in July 2022. He stated that Carbon was created to be a C++ successor.[2][3][4] The language is expected to have an experimental MVP version 0.1 in 2025 and a production-ready version 1.0 after 2027.[5]
The language intends to fix several perceived shortcomings of C++[6] but otherwise provides a similar feature set. The main goals of the language are readability and "bi-directional interoperability" (which allows the user to include C++ code in the Carbon file), as opposed to using a new language like Rust, that, whilst being influenced by C++, is not two-way compatible with C++ programs. Changes to the language will be decided by the Carbon leads.[7][8][9][10]
Carbon's documents, design, implementation, and related tools are hosted on GitHub under the Apache-2.0 license with LLVM Exceptions.[11]
Example[edit]
The following shows how a program might be written in Carbon and C++:[12]
| Carbon | C++ |
|---|---|
package Geometry api; import Math; class Circle { var r: f32; } fn PrintTotalArea(circles: Slice(Circle)) { var area: f32 = 0; for (c: Circle in circles) { area += Math.Pi * c.r * c.r; } Print("Total area: {0}", area); } fn Main() -> i32 { // A dynamically sized array, like `std::vector`. var circles: Array(Circle) = ({.r = 1.0}, {.r = 2.0}); // Implicitly converts `Array` to `Slice`. PrintTotalArea(circles); return 0; } | #include <numbers> #include <print> #include <span> #include <stdfloat> #include <vector> // or: import std; struct Circle { std::float32_t r; }; void PrintTotalArea(std::span<Circle> circles) { std::float32_t area = 0; for (const Circle& c : circles) { area += std::numbers::pi * c.r * c.r; } std::print("Total area: {}\n", area); } int main() { std::vector<Circle> circles{{.r = 1.0}, {.r = 2.0}}; // Implicitly converts `vector` to `span`. PrintTotalArea(circles); return 0; } |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "README". Retrieved 6 September 2023.
It is designed around interoperability with C++ as well as large-scale adoption and migration for existing C++ codebases and developers.
- ^ "Scheduled events for Tuesday, July 19, 09:00 - 10:30". CppNorth, The Canadian C++ Conference, July 17–20, 2022. CppNorth. Retrieved 21 July 2022 – via Sched.com.
- ^ "Carbon Language: An experimental successor to C++ - Chandler Carruth - CppNorth 2022". CppNorth. 22 July 2022 – via YouTube.
- ^ Bradshaw, Kyle (19 July 2022). "Carbon, a new programming language from Google, aims to be C++ successor". 9to5Google.
- ^ Carbon Language: Roadmap, carbon-language, 11 January 2024, retrieved 18 January 2024
- ^ "Difficulties improving C++". carbon-language/carbon-lang repo. Google. 21 July 2022 – via GitHub.
- ^ Carruth, Chandler; Ross-Perkins, Jon; Riley, Matthew; Hummert, Sidney (23 July 2022). "Evolution and governance". carbon-language/carbon-lang repo. Google – via GitHub.
- ^ Illidge, Myles (21 July 2022). "Google's Carbon programming language aims to replace C++". MyBroadband.
- ^ Jackson, Joab (20 July 2022). "Google Launches Carbon, an Experimental Replacement for C++". The New Stack.
- ^ Mustafa, Onsa (20 July 2022). "Carbon, A New Programming Language from Google As A C++ Successor". PhoneWorld.
- ^ "carbon-lang/LICENSE". GitHub. 16 June 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- ^ "carbon-lang/docs/images/snippets.md at trunk · carbon-language/carbon-lang". GitHub. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
External links[edit]
 | This Google-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |