Cathepsin L2

CTSV
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1FH0, 3H6S, 3KFQ
Identifiers
Aliases	CTSV, cathepsin V, CATL2, CTSL2, CTSU
External IDs	OMIM: 603308; MGI: 88564; HomoloGene: 76699; GeneCards: CTSV; OMA:CTSV - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 9 (human)
End	97,156,556 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (mouse)
End	64,518,704 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	thymus; ; skin of arm; ; skin of thigh; ; oocyte; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; amniotic fluid; ; secondary oocyte; ; hair follicle; ; vulva; ; gonad;
	Top expressed in
	stroma of bone marrow; ; iris; ; epithelium of lens; ; decidua; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; gastrula; ; corneal stroma; ; ciliary body; ; efferent ductule; ; cumulus cell;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	cysteine-type peptidase activity; peptide binding; peptidase activity; protein binding; aminopeptidase activity; hydrolase activity; serine-type endopeptidase activity; cysteine-type endopeptidase activity; cysteine-type carboxypeptidase activity; histone binding; kininogen binding; protein-containing complex binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; perikaryon; apical part of cell; secretory granule; extracellular region; microvillus; vacuole; lysosomal lumen; neuron projection; lysosome; external side of plasma membrane; extracellular space; nucleus; nucleolus; cytoplasmic vesicle;
Biological process	male gonad development; response to organic cyclic compound; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; cellular response to starvation; extracellular matrix disassembly; response to glucocorticoid; response to glucose; Sertoli cell differentiation; response to gonadotropin; proteolysis; cell communication; decidualization; spermatogenesis; multicellular organism aging; proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process; nerve development; autophagic cell death; response to odorant; regulation of keratinocyte differentiation; negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation; protein processing; protein autoprocessing; hair follicle morphogenesis; regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1515
	13039
	ENSG00000136943
	ENSMUSG00000021477
	O60911
	P06797
	NM_001333; NM_001201575
	NM_009984
	NP_001188504; NP_001324
	NP_034114
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cathepsin L2 (EC 3.4.22.43, also known as cathepsin V or cathepsin U) is a protein encoded in humans by the CTSV gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

The protein is a human cysteine cathepsin, a lysosomal cysteine protease with endopeptidase activity.

The protein is a member of the papain-like protease family (MEROPS family C1), a lysosomal cysteine protease with endopeptidase activity. It may play an important role in corneal physiology. This gene is expressed in colorectal and breast carcinomas but not in normal colon, mammary gland, or peritumoral tissues, suggesting a possible role for this gene in tumor processes.

Clinical significance

Cathepsin L2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of keratoconus.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136943 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021477 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: CTSL2 cathepsin L2".
^ Brömme D, Li Z, Barnes M, Mehler E (February 1999). "Human cathepsin V functional expression, tissue distribution, electrostatic surface potential, enzymatic characterization, and chromosomal localization". Biochemistry. 38 (8): 2377–85. doi:10.1021/bi982175f. PMID 10029531.
^ Adachi W, Kawamoto S, Ohno I, Nishida K, Kinoshita S, Matsubara K, Okubo K (September 1998). "Isolation and characterization of human cathepsin V: a major proteinase in corneal epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 39 (10): 1789–96. PMID 9727401.
^ Santamaría I, Velasco G, Cazorla M, Fueyo A, Campo E, López-Otín C (April 1998). "Cathepsin L2, a novel human cysteine proteinase produced by breast and colorectal carcinomas". Cancer Research. 58 (8): 1624–30. PMID 9563472.
^ Kenney MC, Chwa M, Atilano SR, Tran A, Carballo M, Saghizadeh M, Vasiliou V, Adachi W, Brown DJ (2005). "Increased levels of catalase and cathepsin V/L2 but decreased TIMP-1 in keratoconus corneas: evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in this disorder". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 46 (3): 823–832. doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0549. PMID 15728537.

External links

The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: C01.009 Archived 22 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine
Cathepsin+V at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Santamaría I, Velasco G, Cazorla M, et al. (1998). "Cathepsin L2, a novel human cysteine proteinase produced by breast and colorectal carcinomas". Cancer Res. 58 (8): 1624–30. PMID 9563472.
Adachi W, Kawamoto S, Ohno I, et al. (1998). "Isolation and characterization of human cathepsin V: a major proteinase in corneal epithelium". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 39 (10): 1789–96. PMID 9727401.
Brömme D, Li Z, Barnes M, Mehler E (1999). "Human cathepsin V functional expression, tissue distribution, electrostatic surface potential, enzymatic characterization, and chromosomal localization". Biochemistry. 38 (8): 2377–85. doi:10.1021/bi982175f. PMID 10029531.
Itoh R, Kawamoto S, Adachi W, et al. (1999). "Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human cathepsin L2 gene" (PDF). DNA Res. 6 (2): 137–40. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.2.137. PMID 10382972.
Somoza JR, Zhan H, Bowman KK, et al. (2000). "Crystal structure of human cathepsin V.". Biochemistry. 39 (41): 12543–51. doi:10.1021/bi000951p. PMID 11027133.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Bernard D, Méhul B, Thomas-Collignon A, et al. (2003). "Analysis of proteins with caseinolytic activity in a human stratum corneum extract revealed a yet unidentified cysteine protease and identified the so-called "stratum corneum thiol protease" as cathepsin l2". J. Invest. Dermatol. 120 (4): 592–600. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12086.x. PMID 12648222.
Tolosa E, Li W, Yasuda Y, et al. (2003). "Cathepsin V is involved in the degradation of invariant chain in human thymus and is overexpressed in myasthenia gravis". J. Clin. Invest. 112 (4): 517–26. doi:10.1172/JCI18028. PMC 171390. PMID 12925692.
Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, et al. (2004). "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9". Nature. 429 (6990): 369–74. Bibcode:2004Natur.429..369H. doi:10.1038/nature02465. PMC 2734081. PMID 15164053.
Yasuda Y, Li Z, Greenbaum D, et al. (2004). "Cathepsin V, a novel and potent elastolytic activity expressed in activated macrophages". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (35): 36761–70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M403986200. PMID 15192101.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Hagemann S, Günther T, Dennemärker J, et al. (2005). "The human cysteine protease cathepsin V can compensate for murine cathepsin L in mouse epidermis and hair follicles". Eur. J. Cell Biol. 83 (11–12): 775–80. doi:10.1078/0171-9335-00404. PMID 15679121.
Cheng T, Hitomi K, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, et al. (2006). "Cystatin M/E is a high affinity inhibitor of cathepsin V and cathepsin L by a reactive site that is distinct from the legumain-binding site. A novel clue for the role of cystatin M/E in epidermal cornification". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (23): 15893–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600694200. hdl:2066/50224. PMID 16565075.
Burden RE, Snoddy P, Jefferies CA, et al. (2007). "Inhibition of cathepsin L-like proteases by cathepsin V propeptide". Biol. Chem. 388 (5): 541–5. doi:10.1515/BC.2007.053. PMID 17516850. S2CID 6680659.
Viken MK, Sollid HD, Joner G, et al. (2007). "Polymorphisms in the cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) gene show association with type 1 diabetes and early-onset myasthenia gravis". Hum. Immunol. 68 (9): 748–55. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2007.05.009. PMID 17869649.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 9 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136943 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021477 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: CTSL2 cathepsin L2".

[6] Brömme D, Li Z, Barnes M, Mehler E (February 1999). "Human cathepsin V functional expression, tissue distribution, electrostatic surface potential, enzymatic characterization, and chromosomal localization". Biochemistry. 38 (8): 2377–85. doi:10.1021/bi982175f. PMID 10029531.

[7] Adachi W, Kawamoto S, Ohno I, Nishida K, Kinoshita S, Matsubara K, Okubo K (September 1998). "Isolation and characterization of human cathepsin V: a major proteinase in corneal epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 39 (10): 1789–96. PMID 9727401.

[8] Santamaría I, Velasco G, Cazorla M, Fueyo A, Campo E, López-Otín C (April 1998). "Cathepsin L2, a novel human cysteine proteinase produced by breast and colorectal carcinomas". Cancer Research. 58 (8): 1624–30. PMID 9563472.

[Kenney05-9] Kenney MC, Chwa M, Atilano SR, Tran A, Carballo M, Saghizadeh M, Vasiliou V, Adachi W, Brown DJ (2005). "Increased levels of catalase and cathepsin V/L2 but decreased TIMP-1 in keratoconus corneas: evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in this disorder". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 46 (3): 823–832. doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0549. PMID 15728537.

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v t e Proteases: cysteine proteases (EC 3.4.22)
Caspase	Caspase 1 Caspase 2 Caspase 3 Caspase 4 Caspase 5 Caspase 6 Caspase 7 Caspase 8 Caspase 9 Caspase 10 Caspase 12 Caspase 13 Caspase 14
Fruit-derived	Papain Ficain Bromelain Actinidain
Calpain	CAPN1 CAPN2 CAPN3 CAPN5 CAPN6 CAPN7 CAPN8 CAPN9 CAPN10 CAPN11 CAPN12 CAPN13 CAPN14 CAPNS1 CAPNS2
Cathepsin	B C F H K L1/L2 O S W Z
Other	Clostripain Cancer procoagulant Separase Autophagin Cruzipain 3C-like protease Gingipain R Gingipain K

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

Cathepsin L2

Clinical significance

References

External links

Further reading

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