Air Operations Center

An Air Operations Center (AOC) is a type of command center used by the United States Air Force (USAF). It is the senior agency of the Air Force component commander to provide command and control of air operations.^[1]

The United States Air Force employs two kinds of AOCs: regional AOCs utilizing the AN/USQ-163 Falconer weapon system that support geographic combatant commanders, and functional AOCs that support functional combatant commanders.^[2] When there is more than one U.S. military service working in an AOC, such as when naval aviation from the U.S. Navy (USN) and/or the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) is incorporated, it is called a Joint Air Operations Center (JAOC). In cases of allied or coalition (multinational) operations in tandem with USAF or Joint air operations, the AOC is called a Combined Air Operations Center (CAOC).^[1]

An AOC is the senior element of the Theater Air Control System (TACS). The Joint Force Commander (JFC) assigns a Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC) to lead the AOC weapon system. If allied or coalition forces are part of the operation, the JFC and JFACC will be redesignated as the CFC and CFACC, respectively.

Quite often the Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) is assigned the JFACC/CFACC position for planning and executing theater-wide air forces. If another service also provides a significant share of air forces, the Deputy JFACC/CFACC will typically be a senior flag officer from that service. For example, during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom, when USAF combat air forces (CAF) and mobility air forces (MAF) integrated extensive USN and USMC sea-based and land-based aviation and Royal Air Force (RAF) and Royal Navy / Fleet Air Arm aviation, the CFACC was an aeronautically rated USAF lieutenant general, assisted by an aeronautically designated USN rear admiral (upper half) as the Deputy CFACC, and an aeronautically rated RAF air commodore as the Senior British Officer (Air).

There are five divisions in the AOC. These separate, but distinct, organizations fuse information that eventually becomes the Air Tasking Order. Staffing of these divisions consists primarily of USAF officers of various specialities in the ranks of captain, major and lieutenant colonel, supported by a smaller cohort of enlisted airmen, typically in the rank of staff sergeant and above. When conducting joint air operations, U.S. Army and USMC officers of similar rank and USN officers in the ranks of lieutenant, lieutenant commander and commander will also provide augmentative manning as required, the majority of whom will be aeronautically rated/aeronautically designated. Senior leadership oversight of the AOC is provided by USAF colonels and general officers and USN captains and flag officers.

• Strategy Plans Team
• Strategy Guidance Team
• Operational Assessment Team
• Information Operations Team

• Target Effects Team
• Master Air Attack Plan Team
• Air Tasking Order Production Team
• Command and Control Planning Team

• Offensive Ops Team
• Defensive Ops Team
• Personnel Recovery
• Senior Intelligence Duty Officer
• Joint Interface Control Officer
• Weather Specialty Team
• Naval Amphibious Liaison Element (NALE)
  • USN + USMC; NALE also provides personnel/support to CPD and ISRD

• Analysis, Correlation, and Fusion
• Targeting and Tactical Assessment
• ISR Operations

• AMD Chief
• Deputy AMD Chief
• Superintendent
• Air Mobility Control Team (AMCT)
  • Execution Cell
  • Mission Management
  • Flight Management
  • USAPAT Mission Planner
  • Maintenance
• Airlift Control Team (ALCT)
  • Airlift Plans
  • DV Airlifts
  • Diplomatic Clearance
  • Requirements
• Air Refueling Control Team (ARCT)
• Aeromedical Evacuation Control Team (AECT)
• Unique Missions Support Team (AMDU)

List of Active US Air Force Air Operations Centers

Name	Emblem	Location	Country	Major Command	Parent Organization	Unified Combat Command	Type	Role
601st Air Operations Center		Tyndall AFB, Florida	United States	Air Combat Command	First Air Force (Air Forces Northern)	US Northern Command	Regional	Command and control for air defense, homeland security and civil support missions for North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and US Northern Command across the Continental US, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.[3]
603rd Air Operations Center		Ramstein AB	Germany	US Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa	Third Air Force	US European Command and US Africa Command	Regional	Command and control of air operations in Europe and Africa.[4]
607th Air Operations Center		Osan Air Base	South Korea	Pacific Air Forces	Seventh Air Force (Air Forces Korea)	US Indo-Pacific Command	Regional	Command and control of air operations in the Korean peninsula, supporting US Forces Korea.[5]
608th Air Operations Center		Barksdale AFB, Louisiana	United States	Air Force Global Strike Command	Eighth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic)	US Strategic Command	Functional	Command and control of long-range strike missions.[6]
609th Air Operations Center		Al Udeid Air Base	Qatar	Air Combat Command	Ninth Air Force (Air Forces Central)	US Central Command	Regional	Also known as the Combined Air Operations Center, commands and controls the USAF operations from Northeast Africa across the Middle East to Central and South Asia.[7]
611th Air Operations Center		Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska	United States	Pacific Air Forces	Eleventh Air Force	US Northern Command	Regional	Command and control for the Alaskan Region of North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), Alaskan Command and Eleventh Air Force within and surrounding Alaska.[8]
612th Air Operations Center		Davis Mothan AFB, Arizona	United States	Air Combat Command	Twelfth Air Force (Air Forces Southern)	US Southern Command	Regional	Command and control of USAF operations in the Caribbean, Central and South America.[9]
613th Air Operations Center		Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii	United States	Pacific Air Forces	Thirteenth Air Force	US Indo-Pacific Command	Regional	Command and control of USAF operations in the throughout the Indo-Asia-Pacific region.[10]
616th Operations Center		Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, Texas	United States	Air Combat Command	Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber)	US Cyber Command	Functional	Command and control of USAF worldwide intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance and cyberwarfare operations.
618th Air Operations Center		Scott AFB, Illinois	United States	Air Mobility Command	Air Mobility Command	US Transportation Command	Functional	Also known as Tanker Airlift Control Center, it plans, schedules and directs airlift, air-refueling and aeromedical evacuation operations around the world.[11]
Combined Air Operations Center - Experimental		Joint Base Langley–Eustis, Virginia	United States	Air Combat Command	US Air Force Warfare Center	N/A	Test and evaluation	Test bed for command and control systems. Operated by the 505th Command and Control Wing.[12]
Combined Air Operations Center - Nellis		Nellis AFB, Nevada	United States	Air Combat Command	US Air Force Warfare Center	N/A	Training	Provides command and control training to the US Military and coalition partners. Operated by the 505th Command and Control Wing.[13]

List of Inactive US Air Force Air Operations Centers

Name	Emblem	Location	Country	Major Command	Named or Numbered Air Force	Unified Combat Command	Type	Role
614th Air Operations Center		Vandenberg AFB, California	United States	United States Space Force	Space Operations Command	US Space Command	Functional	Transitioned to the US Space Force with the rest of Air Force Space Command on 20 December 2019.[14]
617th Air and Space Operations Center		Ramstein AB	Germany	United States Air Forces Africa	Seventeenth Air Force (Air Forces Africa)	US Africa Command	Regional	Operational between 1 October 2008 and 1 October 2011. Merged with 603rd AOC.[15][16]
623rd Air Operations Center		Hurlburt Field, Florida	United States	Air Force Special Operations Command	Twenty-Third Air Force (Air Forces Special Operations Forces)	US Special Operations Command	Functional	Re-designated as the Air Force Special Operations Air Warfare Center (AFSOAWC) on 11 February 2013. Provided command and control of special forces.[17]
624th Operations Center		Joint Base San Antonio, Texas	United States	Air Combat Command	Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber)	US Cyber Command	Functional	Merged with 625th Operations Center to become 616th Operations Center in 2020.[18]
625th Operations Center		Joint Base San Antonio, Texas	United States	Air Combat Command	Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber)	US Cyber Command	Functional	Merged with 624th Operations Center to become 616th Operations Center in 2020.[18]

• 102d Air Operations Group – Otis ANGB, Cape Cod, Massachusetts (Massachusetts Air National Guard) ^[19]
• 103d Air Operations Group – East Granby, Connecticut (Connecticut Air National Guard) ^[20]
• 193d Air Operations Group formally known as the 112th Air Operations Squadron – State College, Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania Air National Guard)^[21]
• 152d Air Operations Group – Hancock Field ANGB, Syracuse, New York (New York Air National Guard)^[22]
• 157th Air Operations Group – Jefferson Barracks, St Louis, Missouri (Missouri Air National Guard)
• 183d Air Operations Group Capital Airport ANGS, Springfield, Illinois (Illinois Air National Guard)
• 201st Air Operations Group - JB Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii (Hawaii Air National Guard)
• 217th Air Operations Group – Kellogg ANGB, Battle Creek, Michigan (Michigan Air National Guard)
• 321st Air Mobility Operations Squadron – Travis AFB, California (Air Mobility Command)
• 349th Air Mobility Operations Squadron – Travis AFB, California (Air Force Reserve Command)
• 515th Air Mobility Operations Squadron – McGuire AFB, New Jersey (Air Force Reserve Command)
• 621st Air Mobility Operations Squadron – McGuire AFB, New Jersey (Air Mobility Command)
• 701st Combat Operations Squadron – March ARB, California (Air Force Reserve Command)
  • In addition to its augmentation role to PACAF's 607 AOC at Osan AB, South Korea, the 701 COS established its own AOC facility in the former Southwest Air Defense Sector at March ARB (established 2004)
• 710th Combat Operations Squadron – Langley AFB, Virginia (Air Force Reserve Command)^[23]

Since July 2013 The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) also uses the Combined Air Operations Centre concept at two locations (Torrejon, Spain and Uedem, Germany) with a deployable Air Operations Centre at Poggio Renatico, Italy. Previously, supporting the air component commands were 5 static Combined Air Operations Centres (CAOCs) to direct NATO air operations: in Finderup, Denmark; Eskişehir, Turkey; Larissa, Greece; Torrejon, Spain and Lisbon, Portugal. There were 2 further CAOCs with a static as well as a deployable role; Uedem, Germany and Poggio Renatico. The static CAOCs can support Allied air operations from their fixed locations, while the deployable CAOC will move where they are needed.

• Theater Battle Management Core Systems
• Global Command and Control System
• Air Force Command and Control Integration Center