Elbrus 2000
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| General information | |
|---|---|
| Launched | 2007 |
| Designed by | Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST) |
| Common manufacturer(s) | |
| Performance | |
| Max. CPU clock rate | 300 MHz |
| Architecture and classification | |
| Instruction set | Elbrus, x86 |
| Physical specifications | |
| Cores |
|
The Elbrus 2000 (or e2k; Russian: Эльбрус 2000) is a Russian 512-bit wide VLIW microprocessor developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST) and fabricated by TSMC.
It supports two instruction set architectures (ISA):
- Elbrus VLIW
- Intel x86 (a complete, system-level implementation with a software dynamic binary translation virtual machine, similar to Transmeta Crusoe)
Thanks to its unique architecture the Elbrus 2000 can execute 20 instructions per clock, so even with its modest clock speed it can compete with much faster clocked superscalar microprocessors when running in native VLIW mode.[1][2]
For security reasons the Elbrus 2000 architecture implements dynamic data type-checking during execution. In order to prevent unauthorized access, each pointer has additional type information that is verified when the associated data is accessed.[3]
Supported operating systems[edit]
Elbrus 2000 information[edit]
| Produced | 2005 |
| Process | CMOS 0.13 µm |
| Clock rate | 300 MHz |
| Peak performance |
|
| Data format |
|
| Cache |
|
| Data transfer rate |
|
| Transistors | 75.8 million |
| Connection layers | 8 |
| Packing / pins | HFCBGA / 900 |
| Chip size | 31×31×2.5 mm |
| Voltage | 1.05 / 3.3 V |
| Power consumption | 6 W |
Comparative[edit]
| Russian Designation | English Designation | Architecture | Cores | GHz | GFLOPS | NUMA | L2 (MB) | L3 (MB) | RAM | Graphics card | Int. Southbridge | Ext. Southbridge | Watts | TSMC Technical process | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Эльбрус | Elbrus | e2k-v1 | 1 | 0.300 | 2.4 | No | ¼ | No | ext. counter | No | No | No | 6 | 130 nm | 2007 |
| Эльбрус-S | Elbrus-S | e2k-v2 | 1 | 0.500 | 4 | 4 | 2 | No | 3×DDR3-1600 | No | No | KPI-1 | 13 | 90 nm | 2010 |
| Эльбрус-2C+ | Elbrus-2C+ | e2k-v2 | 2 | 0.500 | 8 | 4 | 2 | No | 3×DDR3-1600 | No | No | KPI-1 | 25 | 90 nm | 2012 |
| Эльбрус-4С | Elbrus-4C | e2k-v3 | 4 | 0.800 | 25 | 4 | 8 | No | 3×DDR3-1600 | No | No | KPI-1 | 45 | 65 nm | 2013 |
| Эльбрус-1С+ | Elbrus-1C+ | e2k-v4 | 1 | 1.000 | 12 | No | 2 | No | 2×DDR3-1600 | MGA2 + GC2500 | No | KPI-2 | 10 | 40 nm | 2016 |
| Эльбрус-1СК | Elbrus-1SK | e2k-v4 | 1 | 1.000 | 12 | No | 2 | No | 1×DDR3-1600 | MGA2 + GC2500 | KPI-2 | No | 20 | 40 nm | 2018 |
| Эльбрус-8С | Elbrus-8S | e2k-v4 | 8 | 1.300 | 125 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 4×DDR3-1600 | No | No | KPI-2 | 80 | 28 nm | 2016 |
| Эльбрус-8С1 | Elbrus-8S1 | e2k-v4 | 8 | 1.300 | 125 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 4×DDR3-1600 | No | No | KPI-2 | 80 | 28 nm | 2018 |
| Эльбрус-8СВ | Elbrus-8SV | e2k-v5 | 8 | 1.500 | 288 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 4×DDR4-2400 | No | No | KPI-2 | 90 | 28 nm | 2018 |
| Эльбрус-2С3 | Elbrus-2S3 | e2k-v6 | 2 | 2.000 | 96 | No | 4 | No | 2×DDR4-2400 | MGA2.5 + GX6650 | EIOH | KPI-2 | 10 | 16 nm | 2021 |
| Эльбрус-12C | Elbrus-12S | e2k-v6 | 12 | 2.000 | 576 | 2 | 12 | 24 | 2×DDR4-2666 | No | EIOH | KPI-2 | 100 | 16 nm | 2021 |
| Эльбрус-16C | Elbrus-16S | e2k-v6 | 16 | 2.000 | 768 | 4 | 16 | 32 | 8×DDR4-2666 | No | EIOH | KPI-2 | 120 | 16 nm | 2021 |
| Эльбрус-32C | Elbrus-32S | e2k-v7 | 32 | 2.500 | 1500 | 4 | ? | ? | 6×DDR5 | No | ? | ? | ? | 7 nm | 2025 |
| Legend: Old model Current model Future model | |||||||||||||||
Note: in the "Year" column the date of completion of the development work on the creation of the "microcircuit" is indicated. The appearance on the market of ready-made computing modules and machines takes at least 1 year, and multiprocessor systems and complex computing systems – at least 2 years.
Successors[edit]
- Elbrus-2S+, produced 2011 by TSMC Taiwan[6]
- Elbrus-2SM, pilot production 2014 by Mikron Russia[7]
- Elbrus-4S, ready for serial production 2014[8]
- Elbrus-8S, produced 2015 by TSMC Taiwan[9]
References[edit]
- ^ "Elbrus Compilers". elbrus2k.wikidot.com. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ "Elbrus E2K Speculations". xbitlabs.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ "Euro-Par 2000 Parallel Processing; 6th international Euro-Par Conference Munich, Germany, August/September 2000 Proceedings". elbrus2k.wikidot.com. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
- ^ "The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has certified the latest real-time operating system "BagrOS-4000" for multi-core processors, developed by PJSC Sukhoi Company". Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Embox, a real-time operating system for embedded systems
- ^ "Russian microprocessor firms to challenge Intel and AMD on domestic market". rbth.co.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ "МЦСТ готовит выпуск материнских плат на базе процессора Эльбрус-2СМ, произведенного на Микроне". mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ "Микропроцессор Эльбрус-4С готов к серийному производству". mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ "Новый 8-ядерный микропроцессор Эльбрус-8С". mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
External links[edit]
- Video of booting Windows 2000 on Elbrus microprocessor
- Specifications of E2K at MSCT (In Russian)
- Architecture of E2K Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine (In Russian)