American prelate
George Thomas Montgomery (December 30, 1847 – January 10, 1907) was an American prelate of the Catholic Church . He was the first American-born Bishop of Monterey-Los Angeles (1896–1902) and later served as Coadjutor Archbishop of San Francisco from 1902 until his death in 1907.
Early life and education [ edit ] Montgomery was born on December 30, 1847, on a farm in Daviess County , Kentucky , near Owensboro .[ 1] He was one of nine children of Pius Michael and Harriet Elizabeth (née Warren) Montgomery; his uncle was Zachariah Montgomery and his cousin, Zachariah's son, was John Joseph Montgomery .[ 2] His mother died of typhoid fever when he was 10 years old and he was raised by an aunt, Margaret Montgomery Head.[ 3]
Montgomery worked in farming until 1867, when he entered Cecilian College, an all-male boarding school near Elizabethtown .[ 1] After deciding to enter the priesthood, he was sponsored by his uncle Zachariah, who had moved to California , as a student for the Archdiocese of San Francisco .[ 3] He attended St. Charles College in Ellicott City , Maryland , from 1871 to 1875 and completed his studies at St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore .[ 2]
While in Baltimore, Montgomery was ordained a priest on December 20, 1879, by Archbishop James Gibbons .[ 4] After arriving in San Francisco, he was appointed secretary to Archbishop Joseph Sadoc Alemany . When Patrick William Riordan succeeded Alemany in 1884, he retained Montgomery as secretary and also named him chancellor of the archdiocese.[ 5]
In San Francisco, Montgomery became known as "one of the foremost temperance advocates that California has ever known,"[ 6] and described alcohol as "not only debauching our young men and women, not only affecting the individual as an individual, but as a citizen—a factor of society."[ 7] In 1886, he established a local chapter of the League of the Cross , which encouraged young men to abstain from alcohol until they turned 21.[ 7] By 1894, the San Francisco league grew to a membership of 4,000.[ 8]
On January 26, 1894, Montgomery was appointed coadjutor bishop with the right of succession to Francisco Mora y Borrell , the Bishop of Monterey-Los Angeles .[ 4] He was also given the honorary title of titular bishop of Thmuis . He received his episcopal consecration on the following April 8 from Archbishop Riordan, with Bishops Jean-Baptiste Brondel and Lawrence Scanlan serving as co-consecrators.[ 4]
Montgomery assisted Mora with the management of diocesan affairs until the latter's resignation, becoming the first American-born Bishop of Monterey-Los Angeles on May 6, 1896.[ 4] In response to the growing influence of the anti-Catholic American Protective Association in Los Angeles, he organized a branch of the Catholic Truth Society in 1896.[ 9] [ 10]
When it came to more secular issues, Montgomery believed, "If ever the respective rights and duties of labor and capital are to be even properly defined, it must be upon the principles which religion lays down."[ 3] In 1899, he was invited to attend a public address by the socialist political leader Eugene V. Debs .[ 11] During the address, Debs pointed to an American flag over his head and said, "These very stars and stripes, our emblem of liberty, are manufactured in a sweatshop"; when it was Montgomery's turn to speak, the bishop declared, "If that flag was made in a sweatshop, it floats over the freest country on the face of the earth."[ 12]
On September 17, 1902, Montgomery was appointed coadjutor archbishop of San Francisco, with the right of succession to his former superior Archbishop Riordan, as well as titular archbishop of Axum .[ 4]
At the time of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake , Riordan was away on travel and it was Montgomery who led the Archdiocese's immediate response to the disaster and helped extinguish a fire at St. Mary's Cathedral .[ 5] A few days later, he wrote to his successor in Los Angeles, Thomas James Conaty , to say "I do not know how I have lived through [it]" and to praise the “good humor, the common interest, and forgetfulness of self that are everywhere."[ 5]
Despite a history of poor health, Montgomery died unexpectedly from complications with appendicitis and diabetes on January 10, 1907.[ 12] He is buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Colma, California .
^ a b Montgomery, David B. (1903). A Genealogical History of the Montgomerys and Their Descendants . Owensivlle, Indiana: J. P. Cox. p. 361. ISBN 9780598802651 . ^ a b The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans . Vol. II. Boston: The Biographical Society. 1904. ^ a b c Weber, Francis J. (1966). George Thomas Montgomery: California Churchman . Westernlore Press. ^ a b c d e "Archbishop George Thomas Montgomery" . Catholic-Hierarchy.org . ^ a b c Gaffey, James P. (1976). Citizen of No Mean City: Archbishop Patrick W. Riordan of San Francisco (1841-1914) . Wilmington, Delaware: Consortium Books. ^ "LAST WORDS OF ARCHBISHOP IN PRAYER". San Francisco Examiner . January 11, 1907. ^ a b "THE LEAGUE OF THE CROSS". San Francisco Examiner . September 27, 1886. ^ "IS BISHOP-ELECT". The San Francisco Call . January 14, 1894. ^ "The Archbishops and Founding Archbishops of Los Angeles" . Queen of Angels Foundation . ^ "THE CATHOLIC TRUTH SOCIETY". The Catholic Tidings . May 23, 1896. ^ "MANY HEAR EUGENE V. DEBS". Los Angeles Express . November 6, 1899. ^ a b "Remarkable Career of Archbishop Montgomery". The Evening Mail . Stockton, California. January 11, 1907.
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Bishops of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles
Bishop of Two Californias Bishop of Monterey Bishops of Monterey–Los Angeles Bishop of Los Angeles–San Diego Archbishops of Los Angeles Auxiliary bishops, current Auxiliary bishops, former Priests who became bishops
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Archdiocese Our Lady of the Angels Pastoral Region Deanery 13 (Westside) Corpus Christi Catholic Church, Pacific Palisades St. Monica Catholic Church, Santa Monica St. Augustine Catholic Church, Culver City St. Martin of Tours Catholic Church, Brentwood St. Timothy Catholic Church, Los Angeles Church of the Good Shepherd, Beverly Hills St. Ambrose Church, West Hollywood Saint Victor Catholic Church, West Hollywood Deanery 14 (Central LA/Hollywood) Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church, Hollywood Cathedral Chapel, Los Angeles Christ the King Catholic Church, Los Angeles St. Basil Catholic Church, Wilshire St. Brendan Catholic Church, Los Angeles Deanery 15 (Downtown/South) Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles Precious Blood Catholic Church St. Cecilia Catholic Church St. Patrick Catholic Church St. Thomas the Apostle Catholic Church St. Vincent de Paul Church Deanery 16 (South LA/Inglewood) St. John Chrysostom Church, Inglewood St. Odilia Church, Los Angeles Ascension Catholic Church, Los Angeles Spanish mission La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles (Note: This is not a Spanish mission, but rather, a parish church.) San Fernando Pastoral Region Deanery 5 (West San Fernando Valley) Cathedral of St. Mary Byzantine Catholic Church, Sherman Oaks Our Lady of Grace, Encino Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Northridge Our Lady of the Valley, Canoga Park St. Bernardine of Siena Church, Woodland Hills St. Bridget of Sweden Catholic Church, Van Nuys St. Catherine of Siena Church, Reseda St. Cyril of Jerusalem Church and School, Encino St. Euphrasia, Granada Hills St. Francis De Sales Catholic Church, Sherman Oaks St. John Eudes Church, Chatsworth St. John the Baptist de la Salle Church, Granada Hills St. Joseph the Worker Church, Winnetka St. Mel, Woodland Hills Deanery 6 (Crescenta Valley, Glendale and Eagle Rock) Holy Family Catholic Church, Glendale Incarnation Catholic Church and School, Glendale Deanery 7 (Central San Fernando Valley and Burbank) Guardian Angel Church, Pacoima Jesus Sacred Heart Syriac Catholic Church, North Hollywood Mary Immaculate Catholic Church, Pacoima Mission San Fernando Rey de España, Mission Hills Our Lady of Peace Church, North Hills Our Lady of the Holy Rosary, Sun Valley St. Alphonsa Syro-Malabar Church, San Fernando St. Anne Melkite Catholic Cathedral, North Hollywood St. Charles Borromeo Church, North Hollywood St. Didacus Catholic Church, Sylmar St. Elizabeth Church and School, Van Nuys St. Ferdinand Catholic Church, San Fernando St. Finbar Catholic Church and School, Burbank St. Francis Xavier Church, Burbank St. Genevieve Catholic Church, Panorama City St. Jane de Chantal Catholic Church, North Hollywood St. Patrick Catholic Church, North Hollywood St Paul Assyrian Chaldean Catholic Church, North Hollywood St. Robert Bellarmine Catholic Church, Burbank Santa Rosa Catholic Church, San Fernando Deanery 8 (Santa Clarita Valley and Lancaster/Palmdale) Blessed Junipero Serra Catholic Church, Lancaster San Gabriel Pastoral Region Deanery 9 (East LA, Boyle Heights, City Terrace) All Saints Catholic Church, Los Angeles Assumption Catholic Church, Los Angeles Deanery 10 (Pasadena, Altadena, San Gabriel, Monterey Park, Montebello, Alhambra) All Souls Catholic Church, Alhambra Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Catholic Church, Pasadena St. Andrew's Catholic Church, Pasadena Mission San Gabriel Parish, San Gabriel Deanery 11 (Arcadia, Covina, Glendora, Monrovia, La Puente) Annunciation Catholic Church, Arcadia Deanery 12 (San Dimas, Claremont, Pomona, Diamond Bar, La Puente, Valinda, Walnut) San Pedro Pastoral Region Deanery 17 (Downey, Compton, Huntington Park, Lynwood) Deanery 18 (Whittier, La Mirada, Pico Rivera, Norwalk) Beatitudes of Our Lord Catholic Church, La Mirada Holy Family Catholic Church, Artesia Deanery 19 (South Bay and San Pedro) American Martyrs Catholic Church, Manhattan Beach SS. Peter and Paul's Church, Wilmington Deanery 20 (Long Beach) Santa Barbara Pastoral Region Deanery 1 (Lompoc, Solvang, Santa Maria) La Purisima Mission, Lompoc Mission Santa Inés, Solvang Deanery 2 (Santa Barbara) Santa Barbara Mission, Santa Barbara Our Lady of Sorrows Church, Santa Barbara Deanery 3 (Oxnard, Ventura, Ojai, Fillmore, Santa Paula) Mission San Buenaventura, Ventura Deanery 4 (Simi Valley, Westlake Village, Thousand Oaks, Moorpark, Camarillo) Blessed Junipero Serra Catholic Church, Camarillo
Education in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles
Archdiocese Our Lady of the Angels Pastoral Region Universities and colleges Loyola Marymount University Mount St. Mary's University High schools Bishop Conaty-Our Lady of Loretto HS, Harvard Heights Cathedral HS (Boys) Immaculate Heart HS, Los Feliz (Girls) Loyola HS, Harvard Heights (Boys) Marymount HS, Bel Air (Girls) Notre Dame Acad. (Girls) St. Bernard HS, Playa del Rey St. Mary's Acad., Inglewood (Girls) St. Monica Preparatory, Santa Monica Verbum Dei Jesuit HS, Watts (Boys) High schools, closed Daniel Murphy HS, Los Angeles Mount Carmel HS, Los Angeles San Fernando Pastoral Region High schools Bishop Alemany HS, Mission Hills Chaminade HS, West Hills Crespi Carmelite HS, Encino Flintridge Sacred Heart Acad., La Cañada Flintridge Louisville HS, Woodland Hills Notre Dame HS, Sherman Oaks Paraclete HS, Lancaster Providence HS, Burbank St. Francis HS, La Cañada Flintridge St. Genevieve HS, Panorama City High schools, closed Bellarmine-Jefferson HS, Burbank Our Lady of Corvallis HS, Studio City Holy Family HS, Glendale St. John Paul II STEM Acad., Burbank Villa Cabrini Acad., Burbank San Gabriel Pastoral Region High schools Ramona Convent Sec., Alhambra St. Lucy's Priory HS, Glendora Bishop Amat Memorial HS, La Puente Damien HS, La Verne Salesian HS, Los Angeles Cantwell-Sacred Heart of Mary HS, Montebello La Salle College Prep., Pasadena Mayfield Senior, Pasadena St. Monica Acad., Montrose Pomona Catholic HS, Pomona San Gabriel Mission HS, San Gabriel Alverno Heights Acad., Sierra Madre (formerly Alverno HS) San Pedro Pastoral Region High schools St. John Bosco HS, Bellflower St. Pius X-St. Matthias Acad., Downey Junipero Serra HS, Gardena St. Joseph High School, Lakewood St. Anthony HS, Long Beach Don Bosco HS, Rosemead Mary Star of the Sea HS, San Pedro St. Paul HS, Santa Fe Springs Bishop Montgomery HS, Torrance Universities and colleges, closed Marymount College, Palos Verdes High schools, closed Queen of Angels Acad., Compton Santa Barbara Pastoral Region
Our Lady of the Angels Pastoral Region
San Fernando Pastoral Region
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San Pedro Pastoral Region
Santa Barbara Pastoral Region