John King Davis
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John King Davis | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 19 February 1884 Kew, Surrey, England |
| Died | 8 May 1967 (aged 83) Toorak, Victoria, Australia |
| Other names | Gloomy |
| Known for | Captain of SY Aurora |
John King Davis CBE (19 February 1884 – 8 May 1967) was an English-born Australian explorer and navigator notable for his work capping exploration ships in Antarctic waters as well as for establishing meteorological stations on Macquarie Island in the subantarctic and on Willis Island in the Coral Sea.
Early life
[edit]Davis's formal education, at Colet Court, London, and at Burford Grammar School, Oxfordshire, ended in 1900, when he and his father left London for Cape Town, South Africa.[1]
Career
[edit]Early exploration work
[edit]Davis served as chief officer of the Nimrod during Ernest Shackleton's Antarctic expedition in 1908–1909. He was captain of the Aurora and second in command of Douglas Mawson's Australasian Antarctic expedition in 1911–1914.[2]
First World War
[edit]At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, Davis volunteered for active service, and was put in charge of the troop transport HMAT Boonah, carrying troops and horses to Egypt and England.[3]
Later exploration work
[edit]He also served as Captain of the Discovery in 1929–1930 in the course of the British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition.
Davis was Australia's Commonwealth Director of Navigation from 1920 to 1949. It was at the beginning of this period that he volunteered to personally set up the remote Willis Island meteorological and cyclone warning station in 1921–22.[4] He was a contributor of articles to Walkabout.[5]
Later life
[edit]Davis was President of the Royal Society of Victoria 1945–1946, as well as being a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. Davis Station in Antarctica, established in 1957, is named after him. He was awarded the Polar Medal three times: in 1909,[6] 1917,[7] and 1934.[8] In 1964 he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.[9] The Davis Sea, located off the Antarctic coast between longitudes 82°E and 96°E, is named after him.[10]
Known in his lifetime as a "free thinker and plain speaker" and a "deepwater sailorman of the old school",[11] John King Davis remained a lifelong bachelor[11] and died on 8 May 1967 in Toorak, Victoria, aged 83.
Bibliography
[edit]Books authored by Davis include:
- (1919) With the Aurora in the Antarctic. Andrew Melrose: London
- (1921) Willis Island: a storm-warning station in the Coral Sea Critchley Parker: Melbourne.
- (1997) Trial by Ice. The Antarctic Journals of John King Davis (Edited by Louise Crossley) Bluntisham Books and Erskine Press: Bluntisham and Norwich (ISBN 1-85297-047-2)
References
[edit]- ^ Béchervaise, John. "Davis, John King (1884–1967)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ "Bright Sparcs entry on John King Davis". Bright Sparcs. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ "Captain John King Davis". Australian Antarctic Division. Archived from the original on 21 July 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ Fletcher, P. (1996). "Seventy-Five Years at Willis Island. Metarch Papers, No. 9, December 1996. Bureau of Meteorology: Australia". Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ Holmes, O.B.E.. M.C.., F.R.G.S., Charles (1 November 195). "How Walkabout Began". Walkabout. 25 (11): 9.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ It's an Honour: Polar Medal 1909
- ^ It's an Honour: Polar Medal 1917
- ^ It's an Honour: Polar Medal 1934
- ^ It's an Honour: CBE
- ^ "U.S. Board on Geographic Names | U.S. Geological Survey".
- ^ a b Tyler-Lewis, Kelly (2007). The Lost Men: The Harrowing Saga of Shackleton's Ross Sea Party (Kindle ed.). Penguin Books. p. 4994. ISBN 978-0747579724.
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