List of national liquors
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This is a list of national liquors. A national liquor is a distilled alcoholic beverage considered standard and respected in a given country. While the status of many such drinks may be informal, there is usually a consensus in a given country that a specific drink has national status or is the "most popular liquor" in a given nation. This list is distinct from national drink, which include non-alcoholic beverages.
East Asia
[edit]
China: Baijiu (including Kaoliang liquor)[1][2] (sorghum, rice, wheat, barley, millet)
Taiwan: Kaoliang liquor
Japan: Sake, Shōchū (including Awamori) (rice, barley, sweet potatoes, buckwheat), Japanese whisky
North Korea: Pyongyang Soju[3]
South Korea: Soju[4] (rice, barley, corn, potato, sweet potato)
Mongolia: Kumis (Airag)
Europe
[edit]
Albania: Rakia[5]
Austria: Inländer Rum & schnapps[6] (fruit)
Belarus: Krambambula
Belgium: Jenever (malt and Juniper)
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Rakija (fruit: apples, plums, pears)
Bulgaria: Rakia[7] (grapes, apricots, plums)
Croatia: Rakija[8] (fruit: plums, pears) and Pelinkovac
Cyprus: Zivania (wine or grape residue left over from winemaking) and Commandaria (sweet dessert wine)
Czech Republic: Becherovka[9] (herbs) or Slivovice[10] (plums)
Denmark: Akvavit (grain or potatoes)
Estonia: Vana Tallinn
Finland: Koskenkorva Viina[11] (grain (barley) and Finlandia vodka[12] (barley)
France: Calvados (apple brandy from Normandy); Armagnac and Cognac,[13][14] Pastis
Germany: Schnapps (fruit) (in the South), Korn (in the North)
Greece: Raki (Ρακί ή Ρακή), produced from fruit. Ouzo[15] (distilled 96 percent pure ethyl alcohol and Anise). Crete: Tsikoudia (pomace raki). Mainland Greece: Tsipouro (pomace raki)
Hungary: Unicum (herbs), Pálinka[16] (fruit), Tokaji
Iceland: Brennivín, aka “Black Death” (potatoes)
Ireland: Irish Whiskey (fermented mash of cereal grains), Poitín (malted barley grain)
Italy: Grappa (pomace and grape residue left over from winemaking), Limoncello, Amaretto, Amaro, Fernet, Mirto, Alchermes, Aperol, Campari, Cynar, Frangelico, Maraschino, Rosolio, Sambuca, Strega
Latvia: Riga Black Balsam
Lithuania: Midus
North Macedonia: Rakija and Mastika (Typically, red and/or white grapes. Plums used in some areas such as Kichevo. Mastika is anise and herb flavored rakija)[17]
Montenegro: Rakija (Loza), produced from red grapes
Netherlands: Jenever (Malt and Juniper)
Norway: Akevitt (must be distilled from Norwegian potatoes and aged for a minimum of six months in oak casks to be labeled "Norwegian Akevitt",[18] unlike Danish and Swedish akvavit, which is commonly grain-based and unaged)
Poland: Nalewka, Krupnik, Vodka[19] (grain, rye, wheat, potatoes, or sugar beet Molasses), and, during the era of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, mead
Portugal: Madeira wine, Port wine, Ginjinha, Jeropiga, Licor Beirão, Bitter almond liqueur and Madeiran rum.
Romania: Ţuică[20] (plums) or Pălincă (fruit)
Russia: Vodka[14] (grain, rye, wheat, potatoes, or sugar beet molasses)
Serbia: Rakija (šljivovica in particular)
Slovakia: Slivovica,[21] Borovička (juniper berries)
Spain: Sherry (brandy-fortified Spanish wine)[4] 
Sweden: Brännvin, Akvavit, Snaps and Punsch
Switzerland: Absinthe, Goldschläger, Pflümli, Poire Williams, Kirsch
Turkey: Rakı[20][23] (twice-distilled Suma and Anise)
Ukraine: Horilka (Ukrainian vodka), Hrenovuha
United Kingdom: 
England : Gin (south) Whisky (north)- Northern Ireland : Irish Whiskey
Scotland : Scotch Whisky, particularly Single malt whisky is considered the national drink of Scotland.
Wales : Welsh Whisky
Isle of Man: Manx Spirit
South America and Caribbean
[edit]
Argentina: Wine,[24] fernet con coca (cocktail),[25] hesperidina (apéritif)
Barbados: Rum[26] (sugarcane molasses)
Belize: Rum[27] (sugarcane molasses)
Bolivia: Singani[28] (muscat grapes)
Brazil: Cachaça[29] (sugarcane)
Chile: Pisco[30] (grapes; in contention with Peru[31])
Colombia: Aguardiente[32]
Costa Rica: Guaro (sugarcane)
Cuba: Rum (sugarcane molasses)
Dominican Republic: Rum and Mamajuana
Ecuador: Aguardiente (sugarcane)
El Salvador: Guaro (sugarcane)- French West Indies: Rum[33] (sugarcane)
Guatemala: Rum, and Cusha
Haiti: Rum, and Clairin (sugarcane)
Honduras: Guaro
Jamaica: Rum[4][34] (sugarcane)
Mexico: Tequila[35] (blue agave), Mezcal, Pulque, and Brandy[36][37]
Nicaragua: Rum (sugarcane)
Panama: Seco Herrerano (sugarcane)
Paraguay: Caña blanca (sugarcane)
Peru: Pisco[30] (grapes; in contention with Chile[31])
Puerto Rico: Pitorro, Rum
Trinidad & Tobago: Rum (sugarcane)
Uruguay: Grappamiel (grape pommace, honey), Grappa (grape pommace, originally Italian), espinillar (sugar cane)
Venezuela: Rum[38] (sugarcane), Miche andino[39] (brown sugar) and cocuy[40][41] (agave cocui)
North America
[edit]
Oceania
[edit]
South Asia
[edit]
Bangladesh: vodka and brandy from Carew, toddy (palm wine) (pronounced tari in Bengali)
India: Rum (Old Monk)[citation needed], Feni (Cashew or coconut)[citation needed], Toddy (palm wine)[citation needed], tharra[citation needed], Chandr Haas[42]
Nepal: Raksi, Chhaang
Sri Lanka: coconut Arrack, coconut Toddy and Palm Toddy
Southeast Asia
[edit]
Cambodia: Sombai infused rice wine[43][44]
Indonesia: Arak (Bali), Tuak (Sumatra & Java), Moke (Flores), Sopi (Ambon & Nusa Tenggara), Cap Tikus (Manado), Ballo (Toraja), Swansrai (Papua)
Laos: Lao-Lao (Lao: ເຫລົ້າໄຫ) is a Laotian rice whisky produced in Laos.[45][46] Along with Beerlao, lao-Lao is a staple drink in Laos.[citation needed]
Malaysia: Tuak[citation needed]
Philippines: Gin (Ginebra San Miguel), Lambanog[citation needed]
Thailand: Lao Khao, Sato, Mekhong whiskey (95% sugarcane/molasses and 5% rice), Mekhong, Namtanmao, Sang Som[citation needed]
Vietnam: Rượu đế (glutinous or non-glutinous rice) and Rượu thuốc (herbs and raw animals)[citation needed]
West Asia
[edit]
Armenia: Oghi
Georgia: Chacha
Iran: Aragh sagi and Shiraz wine (historically, as alcohol consumption is currently banned for Muslims)
Israel: Arak,[47] Tubi 60
Jordan: Arak
Lebanon: Arak[48] (Anise)- Levant: Arak
Palestine: Arak
Syria: Arak (Anise)- Turkey: Rakı[20][23] (twice-distilled Suma and Anise)
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Blanchard, Ben (9 March 2011). "Rising price of fiery national liquor unpalatable". Reuters. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "CHINA KWEICHOW MOUTAI DISTILLERY CO., LTD | Why is Moutai the National Liquor?". Archived from the original on 12 May 2006. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Pyongyang Soju selected national beverage of North Korea". UPI. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ^ a b c Ian Harrison (8 July 2008). "Best National Drinks Part I". RatesToGo. Archived from the original on 2 November 2009.
- ^ "Food and Drink in Albania". worldtravelguide.net. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Austria Medical Tourism". medicaltourism.com. Archived from the original on 19 June 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Thoughts on Sofia | the global librarian". annehepburn.wordpress.com. 11 November 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "BootsnAll Guide to Alcohol Around the World - BootsnAll Toolkit". toolkit.bootsnall.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Czech Cuisine, Prague - Czech Republic". expats.cz. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Czech Republic; Prague". exchangezones.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Eat&Joy | Puhtaan maun jäljillä". eatandjoy.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Liquor Page at Abc Liquor, Inc. @ Fairground Plaza in Mount Holly NJ". Archived from the original on 7 December 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Joseph Szalay – In Their Own Words: Food- A critical item during WWII". carol_fus.tripod.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ a b Ian Harrison (8 July 2008). "Best National Drinks Part II". RatesToGo. Archived from the original on 14 July 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Ouzo - The National Drink of Greece". Professor's House. Archived from the original on 29 June 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Drink and Drugs in Hungary". roadjunky.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Introduction to Rakija". JourneyMacedonia.com. M Jon brown. 18 May 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
- ^ "Forskrift om endringer i forskrift 11. oktober 2006 nr. 1148 om alkoholsterke og aromatiserte drikker mv". Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 17 December 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "national drink - Everything2.com". everything2.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ a b c Ian Harrison (8 July 2008). "Best National Drinks Part III". RatesToGo. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009.
- ^ "Error 300: User 60455 does not exist". open.salon.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "National drink of Navarra?". Wildaboutbritain.co.uk. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ a b Food and Drink in Turkey Archived 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Ley 26.870". Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina (in Spanish). 3 July 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ^ "Fernet: una historia de amor argentina". Brando (in Spanish). La Nación. 8 July 2011. Archived from the original on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ^ "Barbados Pocket Guide - Rum". sungroupinc.net. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
- ^ "Belize Food and Drink". travelfoodanddrink.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "VisWiki: Singani". viswiki.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Cachaça". Archived from the original on 12 February 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ a b "Beverage Media Group: RED HOT - Exotic Pisco Makes its Mark Stateside". bevnetwork.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ a b "Machu Picchu and Cusco Tours | Peru Vacations | CuscoPeru.com: Pisco, Salud!". cuscoperu.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Cuisine of Colombia - food and drink". south-america-travel.info. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Get Your Drink On: A City Paper Sampler of Cool Summertime, Uh, Refreshment | Baltimore City Paper". Archived from the original on 12 August 2004. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Karandas Tours Jamaica - About Jamaica". Archived from the original on 24 May 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ Julie Blakley (30 December 2008). "Tequila: Everything you wanted to know about Mexico's national drink". Why Go Mexico. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ Eskenazi, Gerald, ed. (5 September 1984). "The National Drink In Mexico: Brandy". New York Times. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
- ^ "About Brandy". Summits Wayside Taverns. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ Cheang, Michael (17 December 2016). "Venezuela takes its rum seriously". Star2.com. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
- ^ "Bebidas". Pa' Mérida. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Cocuy de Penca la bebida espirituosa que hace 7 años se convirtió en patrimonio cultural de Lara". noticias24.com. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ Angulo, R.C. (2005). Diccionario de cocina venezolana. Alfadil. p. 136. ISBN 9789803541552. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- ^ "Heritage Liqueur". Government of Rajasthan.
- ^ Rice, Jessica (22 August 2013). "59 national drinks from 59 awesome countries". Matador Network. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- ^ Grant, Lara (29 August 2016). "6 Local Liquors Around the World You Haven't Heard Of". Oyster.com. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- ^ Sally Everett (12 April 2016). Food and Drink Tourism: Principles and Practice. SAGE Publications. p. 301. ISBN 978-1-4739-6597-3.
- ^ "The cheapest alcohol in the world: Lao-Lao, Laos rice whiskey". www.priceoftravel.com. 9 December 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- ^ Roy Arad (11 June 2013). "Between Arak and a Hard Place // Israeli Arak-lovers in a Panic as Cost of Beloved Spirit Set to Double". Haaretz.
- ^ Bill Beuttler (October 2000). "Learning Lebanese". Cooking Light. Retrieved 31 January 2015 – via billbeuttler.com.
Further reading
[edit]- López, Tracy (16 November 2012). "Mezcal vs. Tequila: National Mexican Liquor Faces Stiff Competition". Fox News Latino. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
