MACRO-10

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MACRO-10 is an assembly language with extensive macro facilities for DEC's PDP-10-based Mainframe computer systems, the DECsystem-10 and the DECSYSTEM-20. MACRO-10 is implemented as a two-pass assembler.

Programming examples[edit]

A simple "Hello, world!" program in MACRO-10 assembler, to run under TOPS-10, adapted from a specimen in a large collection of "Hello World" programs in various languages:[1] 

        TITLE   HELLO WORLD         ; 'Hello world' in MACRO-10 for TOPS-10         SEARCH  UUOSYM          ; Make UUO symbol names available  LAB:    ASCIZ   /Hello, world! /                               ; NUL-terminated ASCII string with CRLF  START:  RESET                   ; Initialise job to clean runtime state OUTPUT: OUTSTR  LAB             ; Output string starting at LAB:         MONRT.                  ; Return to monitor         JRST    OUTPUT          ; Restart at OUTPUT: if user CONTINUEs job         END     START           ; End assembly, set program start address

If this program is saved in the file HELLO.MAC, it can be assembled, linked and run like this (the TOPS-10 system prompt is the . at the start of lines): 

.COMPILE HELLO.MAC /DLIST MACRO:  HELLO  EXIT  .LOAD HELLO LINK:   Loading  EXIT  .SAVE HELLO saved  .RUN  Hello, world!  .

The assembly listing file generated by the /DLIST (Disk LISTing) option to the COMPILE command: 

HELLO WORLD     MACRO %53B(1247) 17:29  7-Apr-:9 Page 1 HELLO   MAC      7-Apr-:9 17:29                                                  TITLE   HELLO WORLD                                                 ; 'Hello world' in MACRO-10 for TOPS-10                                                 SEARCH  UUOSYM          ; Make UUO symbol names available          000000' 110 145 154 154 157     LAB:    ASCIZ   /Hello, world!         000001' 054 040 167 157 162         000002' 154 144 041 015 012     /                               ; NUL-terminated ASCII string with CRLF         000003' 000 000 000 000 000          000004' 047 00 0 00 000000      START:  RESET                   ; Initialise job to clean runtime state         000005' 051 03 0 00 000000'     OUTPUT: OUTSTR  LAB             ; Output string starting at LAB:         000006' 047 01 0 00 000012              MONRT.                  ; Return to monitor         000007' 254 00 0 00 000005'             JRST    OUTPUT          ; Restart at OUTPUT: if user CONTINUEs job                         000004'                 END     START           ; End assembly, set program start address  NO ERRORS DETECTED  PROGRAM BREAK IS 000010 CPU TIME USED 58:25.100  36P CORE USED  HELLO WORLD     MACRO %53B(1247) 17:29  7-Apr-:9 Page S-1 HELLO   MAC      7-Apr-:9 17:29         SYMBOL TABLE  LAB             000000' MONRT.  047040  000012 OUTPUT          000005' OUTSTR  051140  000000 RESET   047000  000000 START           000004'

The date ":9" is a Year 2000 problem. A more complex MACRO-10 example program, which renders one version of the 99 Bottles of Beer song, may be examined at the "99 Bottles of Beer" web site.[2]

For larger bodies of code, much of the MACRO-10 code for the TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 systems is available in the Trailing Edge PDP-10 tape archives.[3]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Wolfram Rösler,"The Hello World Collection". Retrieved on 16 November 2016.
  2. ^ "99 Bottles of Beer" Retrieved on 10 April 2009.
  3. ^ Trailing Edge PDP-10 software archive

External links[edit]

  • DECsystem-10 Macro Assembler Reference Manual (PDF). Maynard, Massachusetts: Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1978. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  • Singer, Michael (1978). Introduction to DECsystem-10 Assembler Language Programming. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 145. ISBN 0-471-03458-4.
  • Gorin, Ralph E (1981). Introduction to DECSYSTEM-20 Assembly Language Programming. Bedford, Massachusetts: Digital Press. p. 539. ISBN 0-932376-12-6.
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