Ulmus 'Clusius'

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Ulmus 'Clusius'
Ulmus 'Clusius', Netherlands.
GenusUlmus
Hybrid parentage('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed
Cultivar'Clusius'
OriginWageningen, The Netherlands

Ulmus 'Clusius' is a Dutch hybrid elm cultivar raised at the Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning, Wageningen, as clone 568[1] and released to commerce in 1983. 'Clusius' was derived from a crossing of the same Dutch clones that produced the fastigiate 'Lobel' released in 1973: '202' ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) and '336' ('Bea Schwarz' selfed).

Description

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The tree has a broader crown than its sibling's, whilst the generally obovate leaves, < 11 cm long by 7 cm wide, are less acuminate at the apex and a lighter green. The seed is near the notch (apex) of the samara.[1][2] Like 'Lobel', the tree flushes markedly later than most other elms, and is rarely in full leaf before mid-May.

Pests and diseases

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Whilst the resistance of 'Clusius' to Dutch elm disease proved marginally greater than that of its Dutch predecessors, rated 4 out of 5,[3] it has been eclipsed by later developments such as Lutèce. Consequently, sales in the Netherlands declined from over 8,000 in 1979 to 600 in 2004.[4]

Cultivation

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While 'Clusius' remains for sale in Europe, its planting where the disease remains prevalent cannot be recommended.[5] In the UK, 'Clusius' is present in the National Elm Collection, Brighton and Hove,[6] and in Edinburgh (two in Abbeyhill, opposite Holyrood Palace,[7] and one in The Meadows[8]). Six specimens were planted in front of the library, Keele University, Staffordshire, c.2010.[9][10] 'Clusius' featured in New Zealand government trials during the 1990s at the Hortresearch station, Palmerston North, but is not known to have been introduced to North America.

  • Six 'Clusius' in Union Square, Keele University (2015)
    Six 'Clusius' in Union Square, Keele University (2015)
  • Same, 2018
    Same, 2018

Etymology

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The cultivar is named for Carolus Clusius, a Dutch naturalist of the Renaissance.

Accessions

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Europe

Nurseries

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References

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  1. ^ a b Heybroek, Hans M. (1983). Burdekin, D.A. (ed.). "Resistant elms for Europe" (PDF). Forestry Commission Bulletin (Research on Dutch Elm Disease in Europe) (60). London: HMSO: 108–113.
  2. ^ Heybroek, H.M. (1993). "The Dutch Elm Breeding Program". In Sticklen, Mariam B.; Sherald, James L. (eds.). Dutch Elm Disease Research. New York, USA: Springer-Verlag. pp. 16–25. ISBN 978-1-4615-6874-2. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  3. ^ Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. ISBN 978-90-5011-281-9
  4. ^ Hiemstra, J.A.; et al. (2007). Belang en toekomst van de iep in Nederland [Importance and future of the elm in the Netherlands]. Wageningen, Netherlands: Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving B.V. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  5. ^ Burdekin, D.A.; Rushforth, K.D. (November 1996). "Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease" (PDF). Arboriculture Research Note. 2/96. Revised by J.F. Webber. Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham: Arboricultural Advisory & Information Service: 1–9. ISSN 1362-5128. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  6. ^ List of plants in the elm collection, Brighton and Hove; brighton-hove.gov.uk
  7. ^ Two 'Clusius', Abbeyhill, Edinburgh - Google Maps, December 2019, access date: 25 July 2024
  8. ^ 'Clusius', Melville Drive, The Meadows, Edinburgh - Google Maps, August 2020, access date: 29 July 2024
  9. ^ 'New Trees in Union Square', keele.ac.uk
  10. ^ 'Clusius' between library and Union Square, Keele University, Staffordshire
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