Visa requirements for Indian citizens

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A (regular or ordinary) Indian passport since 2021

Visa requirements for Indian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of India.

As of 2024, Indian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 62 countries and territories, ranking the Indian passport 82nd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

As the index uses dense ranking, in certain cases, a rank is shared by multiple countries because these countries all have the same level of visa-free or visa-on-arrival access.

With visa-free entry to 32 countries and visa on arrival facility to 30 countries India is 85 out of 104 in Global Passport Power Rank.[2]

The Indian passport has climbed three spots from 85th to 82nd rank in February 2024.

Recent changes[edit]

Current Year Changes
2024 Kenya and Iran have announced visa-free travel for Indian citizens.

Previous Years[edit]

Visa requirements map[edit]

Visa requirements for Indian citizens holding ordinary passports
  Republic of India
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or eVisa
  Visa required

Visa requirements[edit]

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories[edit]

Unrecognized or partially recognized countries
Dependent and autonomous territories
Other territories

Reciprocity[edit]

The Indian Government has not drafted any laws to mandate reciprocity in visa agreements with other countries. While a very small number of bilateral agreements have concluded with reciprocity for visa arrangements, a large number of visa relationships continue to be highly skewed to one side or the other.

In 2015, Iran revoked visa-on-arrival for Indian citizens after it was included as one of the eight countries in India's Prior Reference Category, which would be excluded from India's visa liberalisation plans for foreign tourists.[468] The other countries on the list at the time were Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, Nigeria and Sudan.[468]

Full reciprocity[edit]

India has, by default, achieved full reciprocity in visa-free or e-Visa privileges with following countries or regions:

Partial reciprocity[edit]

India has achieved partial reciprocity with following countries, where Indian Immigration rules afford the citizens of the following countries slightly lesser visa privileges than what the following countries provide for Indian Citizens:

Non-visa restrictions[edit]

Blank passport pages[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[470] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination[edit]

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[471] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[472]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[473][474]

Passport validity length[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[475][476] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[477]

Some countries, such as Japan,[478] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[479] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[480] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[481] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[482] Philippines,[483] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[484]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[485] and South Africa.

Criminal record[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[486] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[487]

Israeli stamps[edit]

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[488] Lebanon,[489] Libya,[490] Syria,[491] and Yemen[492] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics[edit]

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[493]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[494][495] Argentina,[496] Brunei, Cambodia,[497] China,[498] Ethiopia,[499] Ghana, Guinea,[500] India, Japan,[501][502] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[503] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[504] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[505] Singapore, South Korea,[506] Taiwan, Thailand,[507] Uganda,[508] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[509][510][511] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[512]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[513] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[514][515] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[516] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[517][518]

Visa Exemptions[edit]

(This section is under construction, please help update it.)

In some instances, a Visa Exemption permits entry in lieu of obtaining a Visa / Entry Visa if in possession of the following Visas or Permanent Relationships; this is not limited to entitlements or provisions laid down by the country's law. For example: Indian citizens holding valid US visa are permitted to enter Mexico on the basis of their US visa, without the need for a Mexican visa.

United States of America

Indian Citizens in possession of a valid United States Multiple Entry Visa in their passport may enter the following country(ies) visa-free: Albania, Argentina (Indian passport holders with a valid US B2 visa can avail an electronic travel authorization for the purposes of tourism), Bermuda, Bolivia, Bahamas, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Montenegro, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Oman, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, South Korea, Turkey (e-Visa), United Arab Emirates.

European Union

European Union Family Member - Indian Citizens who are traveling with or joining their EU family members in the European Union in a Country other than where their family member is a citizen of does not require a Visa to enter and enjoy the same entry rights and stay, however, this would be difficult to prove and as a result, entry could be refused.

Visa should be applied for in advance which is usually with no or minimal requirements to meet if the applicant is a family member of an EU Citizen. For instance, a person who wants to travel with their spouse to France where their spouse is a Citizen of the Republic of Lithuania should apply for a Schengen Visa in advance or where a person wants to join their Lithuanian spouse who resides in France should also apply for a Schengen Visa in order to prove their right and avoid misconception. In most cases, airlines will not permit travel without a visa.

There is no time limit a family member can stay (indefinite stay), they must just enter before the Visa expires if joining their family or traveling at the same time. There are no costs involved either. European Union citizens and their Indian family members will need to apply for settled or pre-settled status if they wish continue residing in the UK after 31 December 2020. Settled Status can be granted when the applicant has resided in the UK for 5 years and is valid indefinitely. In order to maintain settled status, people must visit the UK every 5 years. Pre-Settled status is granted when the applicant has resided in the UK for less than 5 years and is valid for 5 years.

In order to maintain pre-settled status, people must visit the UK every 2 years. However, applicants would have to meet continuous residence until they reach 5 years if they want to qualify for settled status after 31 December 2020. It will not be possible to be granted another pre-settled Visa.

Schengen Visa (Long Stay) - Holders of a Valid Long Stay Category D Visa who arrive in the Schengen European country of their Visa and apply for a Residence Card shortly after arriving will be able to use their EU residence permit / card for travel within the Schengen States, if granted.

GCC visa

Visa-free or Visa on Arrival to : Egypt, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Oman, Bahrain (GCC residents only, for Bahrain).

United Arab Emirates

United Arab Emirates now giving 1 month, 2 months and 3 months visit visas for Indian nationalities.[519][520]

Foreign travel statistics[edit]

According to the statistics these are the numbers of Indian visitors to various countries in 2017 (unless otherwise noted)

Foreign travel statistics
Destination Number of visitors
 American Samoa[note 1][521] 63
 Angola[522] 9,170
 Antarctica[note 2][523] 292
 Antigua and Barbuda[note 2][524] 366
 Australia[note 2][525] 302,200
 Austria[note 3][note 1][526] 147,300
 Azerbaijan[note 1][527] 6,012
 Barbados[note 3][note 1][528] 900
 Belgium[note 1][529] 44,898
 Bhutan[note 2][530] 172,751
 Bolivia[note 1][531] 1,338
 Bosnia and Herzegovina[note 2][532] 1,700
 Botswana[533] 17,413
 Brazil[note 2][534] 16,916
 Cambodia[note 1][535] 46,131
 Canada[note 2][536] 261,801
 Cayman Islands[note 2][note 4][537] 292
 Chile[note 2][538] 4,468
 China[note 1][539][540] 799,100
 Colombia[541] 5,402
 Congo[note 5][542] 2,373
 Costa Rica[note 2][543] 7,415
 Croatia[note 2][544] 55,745
 Cuba[note 2][544] 2
 Dominica[545] 97
 Dominican Republic[note 2][546] 4,649
 Eswatini[note 1][547] 6,867
 France[548] 524,055
 French Polynesia[note 2][549] 379
 Georgia[note 2][550] 59,732
 Germany[note 1][551] 231,244
 Guam[note 2][note 4][552] 8
 Hong Kong[note 2][553] 392,853
 Hungary[note 3][note 1][554] 33,134
 Indonesia[note 1][555] 422,045
 Israel[note 2][556] 58,000
 Italy[note 1][557] 225,000
 Jamaica[note 2][558] 1,834
 Japan[559] 103,084
 Jordan[note 1][560] 57,720
 Kazakhstan[note 2][561] 21,890
 Kyrgyzstan[note 2][562] 19,600
 Laos[note 2][563] 4,343
 Latvia[note 3][note 2][564] 5,476
 Lebanon[note 1][565] 15,610
 Macao[note 2][566] 148,121
 Madagascar[567] 2,234
 Malaysia[note 2][568] 552,739
 Maldives[note 2][569] 83,019
 Mali[note 6][570] 1,500
 Mauritius[note 2][569] 86,294
 Mexico[note 1][571] 59,020
 Mongolia[note 2][572] 1,888
 Montenegro[note 6][note 3][573] 1,131
 Myanmar[574] 34,628
   Nepal[note 7][575] 75,124
 Netherlands[note 2][576] 155,000
 New Zealand[note 2][577] 61,440
 Oman[note 2][578] 321,161
 Panama[579] 6,748
 Papua New Guinea[note 1][580] 4,293
 Peru[note 2][581] 7,201
 Philippines[note 2][582] 107,278
 Qatar[note 2][583] 333,708
 Romania[note 1][584] 16,753
 Russia[note 2][585] 130,400
 Seychelles[note 2][586] 13,518
 Singapore[note 2][587] 1,272,069
 Slovakia[note 1][note 3][588] 6,805
 South Africa[589] 85,639
 South Korea[note 2][590] 123,416
 Spain[note 2][591] 141,122
 Sri Lanka[note 1][592] 356,729
 Suriname[note 2][593] 1,045
 Taiwan[note 2][594] 40,846
 Tanzania[note 1][595] 69,876
 Thailand[note 2][596][597] 1,595,754
 Timor-Leste[note 6][note 7][598] 799
 Turkey[note 2][599] 86,996
 Ukraine[note 2][600] 23,173
 United Arab Emirates[note 2][601] 2,073,000
 United Kingdom[note 2][602] 525,000
 United States[note 2][note 8][603] 2,055,480
 Uzbekistan[note 9][604] 18,100
 Zambia[605] 25,517
 Zimbabwe[606] 5,421
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Data for 2016
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au Data for 2017
  3. ^ a b c d e f Counting only guests in tourist accommodation establishments.
  4. ^ a b Data for arrivals by air only.
  5. ^ Data for 2012
  6. ^ a b c Data for 2014
  7. ^ a b Data for arrivals by air only.
  8. ^ Total number includes tourists, business travelers, students, exchange visitors, temporary workers and families, diplomats and other representatives and all other classes of nonimmigrant admissions (I-94).
  9. ^ Data for 2015

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  2. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  3. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  4. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)

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