Brownsville (Brooklyn)
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| Brownsville | |||
 | |||
| Administration | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Pays |  États-Unis | ||
| Ville | New York | ||
| Démographie | |||
| Population | 55 043 hab. () | ||
| Géographie | |||
| Coordonnées | 40° 39′ 38″ nord, 73° 54′ 39″ ouest | ||
| Localisation | |||
| Géolocalisation sur la carte : New York
Géolocalisation sur la carte : État de New York
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Brownsville est un quartier résidentiel de l'arrondissement de Brooklyn, à New York. Le quartier recense 58 300 résidents lors du recensement de 2010.
Police et crime
[modifier | modifier le code]Brownsville est le plus souvent considéré comme la « capitale du crime » de New York[1]. En 2009, le quartier comptait trois meurtres sur 10 000 habitants (un taux de mortalité plus élevé que les quartiers voisins). En 15 ans, entre 1990 et 2005, les cas de meurtre à Brownsville–Ocean Hill ont bondi de 63 % (à 22 meurtres en 2005) ; les vols à 79 pour cent (597 en 2005) ; et les agressions dans la rue ont diminué de 51 % (562 en 2005). Le taux de criminalité à Brownsville a décliné de la même manière que dans les villes aux alentours[2],[3].
Personnalités notables
[modifier | modifier le code]- Masta Ace (né en 1966), rappeur[4]
- Maurice Ashley (né en 1966), champion d'échecs[5]
- Ralph Bakshi (né en 1938), réalisateur[6]
- Daniel Benzali (né en 1950), acteur nommé du Golden Globe[7]
- Riddick Bowe (né en 1967), boxeur[8]
- Shannon Briggs (né en 1971), boxeur[9]
- Andrew Dice Clay (né en 1957), acteur[10]
- Mickey Cohen (1913–1976), gangster[11]
- Aaron Copland (1900–1990), compositeur
- Al Davis (1920–1945), boxeur[12]
- Vince Edwards, acteur[13]
- Melech Epstein, journaliste et historien
- Fyvush Finkel (1922–2016), acteur[14]
- Max Fleischer, animateur
- John Forté, rappeur[15]
- Lloyd Free (né en 1953), ancien joueur de la NBA
- Nelson George, auteur[16]
- Sid Gordon, joueur de baseball
- Salomon Grayzel, historien[17]
- Arnold Greenberg, cofondateur de Snapple[18]
- Red Holzman (1920–1998), joueur de la NBA et entraineur
- Moe, Curly, et Shemp Howard, frères et membre des Trois Stooges
- Gregory « Jocko » Jackson, joueur de la NBA[19]
- Daniel Jacobs, boxeur
- Charles Jenkins, joueur de la NBA
- Zab Judah, boxeur
- KA, rappeur
- Donald Kagan, historien
- Alfred Kazin, écrivain et critique littéraire[20]
- Larry King (né en 1933), animateur de télévision et de radio
- Alvin Klein (c.1938–2009), critique pour The New York Times[21]
- Steve Lawrence, chanteur
- Duane Martin, acteur
- Zero Mostel, acteur
- M.O.P., groupe de hip-hop
- Eddie Mustafa Muhammad, ancien boxeur
- Alex B. Novikoff, scientifique
- O.G.C., groupe de hip-hop
- Abe Osheroff, activiste politique
- Norman Podhoretz, rédacteur[22]
- Sean Price (1972–2015), rappeur[23]
- Killah Priest, rappeur
- Isidor Isaac Rabi (1898–1988), physicien et lauréat du prix Nobel en 1944 pour sa découverte de la résonance magnétique nucléaire[24]
- Representativz, groupe de hip-hop
- RZA, rappeur, membre du Wu-Tang Clan
- Phil Sellers, ancien joueur de la NBA
- Al Sharpton, ministre
- Phil Silvers, comique
- Jimmy Smits, acteur
- Bern Nadette Stanis, actrice[25]
- Steele, rappeur
- Heltah Skeltah, groupe de hip-hop
- Mike Tyson (né en 1966), boxeur[26]
Notes et références
[modifier | modifier le code]- (en) Woo Cho Bang Bang ; Konigsberg, Eric, le 19 juin 2014, New York.
- (en) Long, Colleen and Tom Hays. "Crime is down, but decline lags in NY neighborhood." Associated Press sur Houston Chronicle.
- Mosi Secret, « On the Brink in Brownsville », The New York Times, (ISSN 0362-4331, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
- (en) Robinson, Stewart. « "Masta Ace Speaks On His New Album The Falling Season and More In This Exclusive Interview" »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?) (consulté le ), The Hip Hop Crib. "Masta Ace, a hip hop artist from Brownsville, has been in the game for almost 30 years now."
- (en) Stewart, Barbara. "From Kings County, First Black Grandmaster", The New York Times. "Twenty years ago, when Maurice Ashley was 14 and living in Brownsville, Brooklyn, he was soundly defeated in an offhand game of chess."
- (en) Glinter, Ezra. "Inventor of X-Rated Animation Ralph Bakshi Makes a Comeback", The Forward. Bakshi knows a thing or two about grime. Born in Haifa in 1938, he left Palestine with his parents at age 1 and settled in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Brownsville.
- (en) « Daniel Benzali », Suckers (version du sur Internet Archive)
- (en) Vadukul, Alex. "Ex-HeavyweightChampion Riddick BoweSteps Into a New Arena; After two boxing world titles, prison and bankruptcy, Mr.Bowe hopes to cement another legacy: as a restaurateur.", The New York Times. When Mr. Bowe first held his title belt aloft, his bleak childhood in Brownsville, Brooklyn, must have felt incomprehensibly far away.
- (en) Alvarado, Francisco. "Shannon Briggs Returns to Boxing, Hosts Fight Celebration at Wonderland Saturday", Miami New Times. Briggs was born on Dec. 4, 1971 in Brownsville, back then 'the worst hood in America,' the ex-champ relates.
- (en) Roura, Phil. "It's potty time: Foulmouthed funnyman Andrew Dice Clay on the comeback trail", New York Daily News. Born in Brownsville, Brooklyn, 53 years ago, Andrew Clay Silverstein patterned himself after the outrageous humor of Lenny Bruce and Richard Pryor.
- (en) Kirsch, Jonathan. « "Mickey Cohen’s colorful life of crime" »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?) (consulté le ), The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Meyer Harris Cohen was born in the Jewish Pale of Settlement in imperial Russia, immigrated with his family to the Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn and reached Los Angeles’ Jewish point of entry in Boyle Heights in 1915.
- (en) Krajicek, David J. "As NYC's murder rate soared in 1945, noted lightweight boxer Al (Bummy) Davis is gunned down during bar robbery", New York Daily News. He was better known as Al (Bummy) Davis, a lightweight boxer of note. He grew up in the Jewish ghetto of Brownsville, Brooklyn, delivering knuckle sandwiches to his family’s pushcart competitors along Blake Ave.
- (en) William Grimes, Vince Edwards, 67, the Doctor In the Hit TV Series 'Ben Casey', New York Times (13 mars 1996) : Mr. Edwards was born in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn.
- (en) Fyvush Finkel Remembers the Yiddish Theaters in Brownsville, Brooklyn, Wexler Oral History Project, Yiddish Book Center : Fyvush Finkel, z"l—comedian, actor, and singer—describes attending and performing in the Yiddish theaters as a child in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, New York.
- (en) Peter Wilkinson, John Forte's Rap: An exclusive jailhouse talk with the Fugee songwriter, Rolling Stone (27 août 2002): "A native of the roughneck Brownsville, Brooklyn, Forte has always been something of a hip-hop anomaly."
- (en) Arpan Bhattacharyya, « Growing Up in Brooklyn », sur Big Think, (consulté le ).
- (en) Alter F. Landesman, Brownsville: The Birth, Development and Passing of a Jewish Community in New York (Bloch Publishing Company, 1971), p. 260: Other Seminary graduates who lived in Brownsville, and became leaders in American Jewish life are ... Dr. Solomon Grayzel, eminent Jewish historian...
- (en) Margalit Fox, « Arnold Greenberg, a Founder of Snapple, Dies at 80 », The New York Times, (consulté le )
- (en) Joseph Tepper, Greg "Jocko" Jackson, Brownsville's "unofficial mayor" dead at 60, New York Daily News (3 mai 2012): "BROOKLYN is mourning the loss of Greg "Jocko" Jackson, the 'unofficial mayor' of Brownsville. Jackson, who served as the manager of the Brownsville Recreation Center for 15 years ... grew up playing basketball at the Brownsville Recreation Center on Linden Blvd. and made it all the way to the NBA.
- (en) Salamon, Julie. "Toil, Tears and Sweat in Brooklyn", The New York Times. The words of a native son, Alfred Kazin, spoken by an actor evoking the writer's Brownsville childhood in the 1920s, resonate today.
- (en) Staff. "Alvin Klein, Times Theater Reviewer, Dies at 73", The New York Times. The son of immigrants from Poland, Mr. Klein was born in Brownsville, Brooklyn, and grew up in Flatbush.
- (en) Norman Podhoretz, « My Negro Problem — And Ours », Commentary, (consulté le ).
- (en) Caramanica, Jon. "Sean Price, Rapper With Deep Brooklyn Roots, Dies at 43", The New York Times. Sean Price, a rapper who for two decades embodied the rugged essence of peak-era Brooklyn hip-hop, died in his sleep on Saturday morning at his home in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn.... 'The best rapper in Brownsville,' he boasted in a 2009 song, as if that were still the most important thing to him.
- (en) Berger, Marilyn. "Isidor Isaac Rabi, a Pioneer In Atomic Physics, Dies at 89", The New York Times. I'm an omnivorous reader,' he said, looking back at his discovery of the local branch of the Brooklyn Public Library after moving to the Brownsville section of Brooklyn when he was a child.
- (en) Elizabeth Blair, From 'Good Times' To 'Honey Boo Boo': Who Is Poor On TV?, NPR, Morning Edition (5 août 2014) : I too was raised in the projects in Brooklyn, N.Y., in the Brownsville neighborhood..
- (en) « Mike Tyson Biography », BookRags
Sources
[modifier | modifier le code]- J.A. Thomas, Wendell E. Pritchett, C.F. Moss et M. Vater, Brownsville, Brooklyn : Blacks, Jews, and the Changing Face of the Ghetto, University of Chicago Press, coll. « Historical Studies of Urban America », , 333 p. (ISBN 978-0-226-68446-8, présentation en ligne)
Bibliographie
[modifier | modifier le code]- A.F. Landesman, Brownsville : the birth, development, and passing of a Jewish community in New York, Bloch Pub. Co., (lire en ligne)
- Confrontation at Ocean Hill-Brownsville; the New York school strikes of 1968, Praeger,
- H.L. Dubowsky, A Community Study of Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York, Hy L. Dubowsky, (lire en ligne)
- R. Glauber, All Neighborhoods Change : A Survey of Brownsville, Brooklyn, U.S.A., (lire en ligne)
- (en) Urban renewal in Brownsville; the management of urban renewal in Brownsville area 15, 1960–1973, New York (State); State Study Commission for New York City; Housing and Development Administration Study Group, (lire en ligne)
- K.T. Jackson, J.B. Manbeck et Citizens Committee for New York City, The Neighborhoods of Brooklyn, Citizens for NYC, coll. « The neighborhoods of New York City », , 274 p. (ISBN 978-0-300-10310-6, lire en ligne)
