1993 International Formula 3000 Championship
The 1993 FIA Formula 3000 International Championship was a motor racing series for Formula 3000 cars.[1] Contested over nine races, it was the ninth FIA Formula 3000 International Championship.
French driver, Olivier Panis won the championship driving a Reynard 93D for the French DAMS team.
Technical changes
[edit]The 1993 Championship was the first to feature only one make of chassis, although the rules were still open to multiple manufacturers. Ralt had already ceased involvement in F3000 in 1992. After two poor seasons, Lola had no European customers after their two French teams, DAMS and Apomatox, switched to Reynards. Lolas would continue to have success in Japan, and would return to Europe in 1994.
In 1992, the manufacturers had agreed to a two-year cycle for chassis development for the first time, with the intention of reducing costs.[2] Several teams, including the previous champions Crypton, kept their Reynard 92D cars. The new 93D featured a manual sequential gearbox, as opposed to the H-pattern found on the previous car, along with aerodynamic and suspension improvements.
Cosworth introduced a new low-crank engine, the AC, to compete with the Judd KV. Several teams retained the old DFV, which would score its last major victory at Pau. For the first time since 1988, there were no Mugen Honda engines in Europe.
Season summary
[edit]Olivier Beretta joined the Forti Corse team for 1993, and won the opening round at Donington Park. Reigning British Formula 3 Champion Gil de Ferran then won at Silverstone. The Pau Grand Prix was marked by the usual first-lap crash at the Lyceé hairpin, followed by another on the pit straight as several drivers were unable to see the red flags. Pedro Lamy won the restarted race, giving the DFV its last major victory.
Enna produced the usual crashes, as well as a fine battle for the lead between Lamy and eventual winner David Coulthard. Frenchman Olivier Panis then won both German rounds and at Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium.
A rain shower caused havoc at Magny-Cours. Panis lost the lead due to a stuck wheel nut when he pitted for rain tires. His DAMS teammate Franck Lagorce picked up the win.
Going into the final round at Nogaro, Panis led Lamy by a single point. Coulthard also had an outside chance at the title, but he retired after only a few corners. Later on the opening lap, Panis was taken out by Vincenzo Sospiri, and had to be restrained from attacking the Italian in the pitlane. Shortly thereafter, though, Lamy came into the pits with damaged rear suspension. His team would repair it, but he lost several laps. With all three contenders eliminated in the opening laps, Panis celebrated from the pit wall as his teammate Lagorce won from the two Apomatox cars of Boullion and Collard.
Drivers and teams
[edit]
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The following drivers and teams competed in the championship.
Calendar
[edit]The championship was contested over nine races.[5]
| Round | Event[6] | Circuit | Date | Laps | Distance | Time | Speed | Pole Position | Fastest Lap | Winner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tom Wheatcroft Cup |  Donington Park | 3 May | 46 | 4.023=185.058 km | 1'03:01.35 | 178.15 km/h |  Olivier Beretta |  Gil de Ferran | Olivier Beretta |
| 2 | BRDC International Trophy | Silverstone Circuit | 9 May | 37 | 5.226=193.362 km | 1'00:20.32 | 192.25 km/h | Gil de Ferran | David Coulthard | Gil de Ferran |
| 3 | Grand Prix de Pau |  Pau Grand Prix | 30 May | 72 | 2.78=200.16 km | 1'25:55.83 | 138.753 km/h |  Pedro Lamy | Olivier Panis | Pedro Lamy |
| 4 | Gran Premio del Mediterraneo |  Autodromo di Pergusa | 17 July | 37 | 4.95=183.15 km | 0'53:47.528 | 204.286 km/h |  Michael Bartels | David Coulthard | David Coulthard |
| 5 | Hockenheim F3000 | Hockenheimring | 24 July | 26 | 6.815=177.19 km | 0'51:01.607 | 208.349 km/h | Pedro Lamy | Olivier Panis | Olivier Panis |
| 6 | Nürburgring F3000 | Nürburgring | 22 August | 45 | 4.542=204.39 km | 1'26:52.13 | 183.394 km/h | Olivier Panis | Pedro Lamy | Olivier Panis |
| 7 | Spa-Francorchamps F3000 |  Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps | 29 August | 29 | 6.974=202.246 km | 1'01:57.34 | 195.862 km/h | Olivier Panis | Pedro Lamy | Olivier Panis |
| 8 | Magy-Cours F3000 | Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours | 3 October | 47 | 4.25=199.750 km | 1'17:20.577 | 154.959 km/h | Emmanuel Collard | Franck Lagorce | Franck Lagorce |
| 9 | Grand Prix de Nogaro | Circuit Paul Armagnac | 10 October | 55 | 3.636=199.980 km | 1'14:44.597 | 160.533 km/h | Franck Lagorce | Jean-Christophe Boullion | Franck Lagorce |
| Source:[7] | ||||||||||
Points system
[edit]For every race points were awarded: 9 points for first place, 6 for second place, 4 for third place, 3 for fourth place, 2 for fifth place and 1 for sixth place.[1] All results were taken into consideration in determining the title.[1]
Championship standings
[edit]| Pos | Driver | DON | SIL | PAU | PER | HOC | NÜR | SPA | MAG | NOG | Points | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Olivier Panis | 3 | 6 | Ret | Ret | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10† | Ret | 32 | |||
| 2 | Pedro Lamy | 2 | DNS | 1 | 8† | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 16 | 31 | |||
| 3 | David Coulthard | 13† | 2 | 2 | 1 | Ret | 7 | 3 | Ret | Ret | 25 | |||
| 4 | Franck Lagorce | 8 | 4 | 7 | 11 | DNS | 11 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 21 | |||
| 5 | Gil de Ferran | Ret | 1 | Ret | Ret | 9† | 2 | 2 | Ret | 7 | 21 | |||
| 6 | Olivier Beretta | 1 | 10 | 4 | Ret | 4 | 5 | 13 | 9 | 4 | 20 | |||
| 7 | Vincenzo Sospiri | Ret | Ret | 6 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 5 | Ret | 16 | |||
| 8 | Jean-Christophe Boullion | 7 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 9 | Ret | 2 | 2 | 12 | |||
| 9 | Paul Stewart | 5 | 5 | 3 | Ret | DNS | Ret | 6 | 6 | Ret | 10 | |||
| 10 | Massimiliano Papis | 4 | Ret | 5 | Ret | Ret | 15 | Ret | Ret | 6 | 6 | |||
| 11 | Jérôme Policand | 12 | 7 | Ret | 3 | Ret | 13 | 7 | 7† | 18 | 4 | |||
| 12 | Emmanuel Collard | 10 | Ret | Ret | 9 | Ret | 8 | 8 | Ret | 3 | 4 | |||
| 13 | Alessandro Zampedri | Ret | DSQ | DNQ | Ret | Ret | 3 | Ret | Ret | 10 | 4 | |||
| 14 | Michael Bartels | Ret | 3 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4 | |||||
| 15 |  Jan Lammers | 9 | 9 | 10 | 4 | 7 | Ret | 3 | ||||||
| 16 | Nicolas Leboisettier | 4 | 8 | 3 | ||||||||||
| 17 | Paolo Delle Piane | Ret | 8 | Ret | Ret | 5 | Ret | 9 | Ret | Ret | 2 | |||
| 18 | Yvan Muller | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 11 | Ret | 5 | 2 | |||
| 19 | Enrico Bertaggia | DNQ | 5 | DNQ | 20 | Ret | Ret | 12 | 2 | |||||
| 20 | Andrea Gilardi | 8 | 6 | 6 | 14 | 2 | ||||||||
| 21 | Giampiero Simoni | 6 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 12 | Ret | Ret | 9 | 1 | |||
| 22 | Pedro Diniz | Ret | Ret | DNQ | 7 | Ret | 16 | 14 | 11 | 14 | 0 | |||
| 23 |  Jordi Gené | Ret | 8 | 10 | 12 | Ret | Ret | 0 | ||||||
| 24 | Constantino de Oliveira Jr. | Ret | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | 17 | 17 | 8† | 15 | 0 | |||
| 25 |  Hideki Noda | Ret | 11 | 9 | Ret | 19 | 15 | Ret | 11 | 0 | ||||
| 26 | Guido Knycz | DNQ | 13 | DNQ | 10 | Ret | 18 | 16 | 0 | |||||
| 27 | Antonio Tamburini | 11 | Ret | Ret | 0 | |||||||||
| 28 | Vittorio Zoboli | Ret | 12 | DNQ | Ret | 0 | ||||||||
| 29 | Dominic Chappell | 12 | Ret | 0 | ||||||||||
| 30 | Domenico Gitto | 12 | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||
| 31 | Phil Andrews | 14 | Ret | 13 | 0 | |||||||||
| 32 | Severino Nardozzi | DNQ | 18 | Ret | 17 | 0 | ||||||||
| Klaus Panchyrz | DNQ | NC | ||||||||||||
| Giuseppe Bugatti | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | |||||||||
| Éric Angelvy | Ret | Ret | Ret | DNQ | Ret | |||||||||
| Mark Albon | Ret | |||||||||||||
 Hilton Cowie | DNQ | DNQ | ||||||||||||
| Sources:[8][9][10] | ||||||||||||||
Complete Overview
[edit]| first column of every race | 10 | = grid position |
| second column of every race | 10 | = race result |
R10=retired, but classified NC=not classified R=retired NS=did not start NQ=did not qualify DIS(6)=disqualified after finishing in sixth place
| Place | Name | Team | Chassis | Engine | DON | SIL | PAU | PER | HOC | NÜR | SPA | MAG | NOG | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Olivier Panis | DAMS | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 5 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 2 | R | 23 | R | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | R10 | 2 | R |
| 2 | Pedro Lamy | Crypton Engineering | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 4 | 2 | 6 | NS | 1 | 1 | 4 | R8 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 16 |
| 3 | David Coulthard | Pacific Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 13 | R13 | 9 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | R | 6 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 7 | R | 8 | R |
| 4 | Gil de Ferran | Paul Stewart Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 2 | R | 1 | 1 | 11 | R | 18 | R | 6 | R9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | R | 10 | 7 |
| Franck Lagorce | DAMS | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 8 | 8 | 12 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 20 | 11 | 16 | NS | 15 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 6 | Olivier Beretta | Forti Corse | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 1 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 15 | 4 | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 4 |
| 7 | Vincenzo Sospiri | Mythos Racing | Reynard | Judd | 7 | R | 11 | R | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 18 | 5 | 5 | R |
| 8 | Jean-Christophe Boullion | Apomatox | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 9 | 7 | 10 | R | 17 | R | 6 | R | 19 | R | 12 | 9 | 14 | R | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 9 | Paul Stewart | Paul Stewart Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 5 | R | 20 | NS | 9 | R | 8 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 14 | R |
| 10 | Massimiliano Papis | Vortex | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 10 | 4 | 18 | R | 12 | 5 | 15 | R | 22 | R | 8 | 15 | 17 | R | 12 | R | 9 | 6 |
| 11 | Michael Bartels | Pacific Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 18 | R | 2 | 3 | 7 | R | 1 | R | 7 | R | 16 | R | 7 | R | - | - | - | - |
| Jérôme Policand | Omegaland | Reynard | Judd | 23 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 18 | R | 11 | 3 | 21 | R | 20 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 24 | R7 | 15 | 18 | |
| Alessandro Zampedri | Nordic Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 12 | R | 8 | DIS(6) | 27 | NQ | 12 | R | 15 | R | 14 | 3 | 6 | R | 10 | R | 11 | 10 | |
| Emmanuel Collard | Apomatox | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 14 | 10 | 19 | R | 20 | R | 8 | 9 | 12 | R | 21 | 8 | 15 | 8 | 1 | R | 4 | 3 | |
| 15 | Jan Lammers | Il Barone Rampante | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 15 | 9 | 15 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 22 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 4 | R | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nicolas Leboisettier | Crypton Engineering | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | 4 | 17 | 8 | |
| 17 | Enrico Bertaggia | ACE Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | 23 | NQ | 26 | 5 | 27 | NQ | 26 | 20 | 24 | R | 21 | R | 23 | 12 |
| Paolo Delle Piane | Vortex | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 17 | R | 17 | 8 | 13 | R | 13 | R | 11 | 5 | 11 | R | 16 | 9 | 14 | R | 16 | R | |
| Andrea Gilardi | CoBRa Motorsports | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | 19 | 8 | 24 | 6 | 25 | 6 | 24 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Yvan Muller | Omegaland | Reynard | Judd | 16 | R | 20 | R | 21 | R | 17 | R | 17 | R | 13 | R | 18 | 11 | 15 | R | 13 | 5 | |
| 21 | Giampiero Simoni | Mythos Racing | Reynard | Judd | 6 | 6 | 13 | R | 9 | R | 10 | R | 3 | R | 17 | 12 | 9 | R | 9 | R | 7 | 9 |
| - | Pedro Diniz | Forti Corse | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 20 | R | 14 | R | 26 | NQ | 21 | 7 | 26 | R | 19 | 16 | 23 | 14 | 22 | 11 | 21 | 14 |
| - | Jordi Gené | TWR 3000 | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | - | - | 9 | R | 13 | R8 | 18 | 10 | 19 | 12 | 13 | R | 19 | R |
| - | Constantino, Jr. | PTM 3000 | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 24 | R | 16 | R | 24 | NQ | 27 | NQ | 14 | R | 22 | 17 | 20 | 17 | ||||
| European Technique | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 16 | 8 | 18 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||
| - | Hideki Noda | TOM's | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 11 | R | 21 | 11 | 22 | 9 | - | - | 18 | R | 25 | 19 | 21 | 15 | 19 | R | 22 | 11 |
| - | Guido Knycz | Crypton Engineering | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 27 | NQ | 26 | 13 | 28 | NQ | 16 | 10 | 24 | R | 23 | 18 | 22 | 16 | - | - | - | - |
| - | Antonio Tamburini | Mönnighoff Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 19 | 11 | 24 | R | 16 | R | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Vittorio Zoboli | Il Barone Rampante | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 25 | R | 23 | 12 | 25 | NQ | 19 | R | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Dominic Chappell | Apache Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23 | 12 | 24 | R |
| - | Domenico Gitto | Durango | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25 | 12 | 28 | NQ | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Phil Andrews | PTM 3000 | Reynard | Judd | 26 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
| European Technique | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 17 | R | 20 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||
| - | Severino Nardozzi | Durango | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 27 | NQ | 25 | 18 | 25 | R | 25 | 17 |
| - | Klaus Panchyrz | Mönnighoff Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 29 | NQ | 25 | NC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Giuseppe Bugatti | European Technique | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | - | - | - | - | 14 | R | 14 | R | 10 | R | 5 | R | 13 | R | - | - | - | - |
| - | Éric Angelvy | Il Barone Rampante | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 22 | R | 22 | R | 5 | R | 28 | NQ | 23 | R | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Mark Albon | East Essex Racing | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 21 | R | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | Hilton Cowie | Automotive Consultancy | Reynard | Ford Cosworth | 28 | NQ | 27 | NQ | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c 1993 Formula 3000 International Championship, 1993 FIA Yearbook of Automobile Sport, yellow section, pages 83 to 85
- ^ L'annee Formule 3000 1992. Drapeau a Damier.
- ^ "FIA Formula 3000 Int. Championship - 1993: Entrylist". Speedsport Magazine. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "F3000 International Championship Entry List 1993". Motorsport Stats. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ Automobile Year 1993/94, pages 256 & 257
- ^ Peter Higham, The Guinness Guide To International Motor Racing, 1995, pages 244-245
- ^ "F3000 International Championship Results 1993". Motorsport Stats. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "F3000 International Championship Standings 1993". Motorsport Stats. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "FIA Formula 3000 Int. Championship - Season 1993: Results". Speedsport Magazine. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "1993 FIA International F3000 Championship". Motor Sport. Retrieved 30 December 2023.