Athletics at the Summer Paralympics

Athletics at the Summer Paralympics
Governing bodyIPC
Events160 (men: 100; women: 60)
Games

Athletics has been contested at every Summer Paralympics since the first games in 1960. Men and women from all disability groups compete in the sport.

Some athletes use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs and compete in their respective sport independently and under their own power.

Visually impaired athletes participate in running events with the help of a sighted guide, to whom they may be attached by a tether. Sound-emitting devices or a sighted "caller" are used to indicate target areas for throwing events, take-off points for jumping events, and other important locations for visually impaired competitors.[1]

There are several different classifications and groups in which athletes compete that are based on their disability. Each disability has a different classification which determines the class the athletes will compete in. Nearly every opportunity that is available to non-disabled athletes is available in the Paralympics.

In the first edition of the Summer Paralympic Games in 1960, Italy finished the sport in the first place of the medal table, between 1964 and 1996 there was a clear dominance of the United States, being broken in 2000, when Australia dominated the sport at home and since 2004, China has dominated the sport.

Summary

[edit]
Games Year Events Best Nation
1 1960 25  Italy
2 1964 42  United States
3 1968 70  United States
4 1972 73  United States
5 1976 208  United States
6 1980 274  United States
7 1984 443  United States
8 1988 333  United States
9 1992 240  United States
10 1996 211  United States
11 2000 226  Australia
12 2004 194  China
13 2008 160  China
14 2012 170  China
15 2016 177  China
16 2020 168  China
17 2024 164  China

Classification

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Athletes compete in various classes which group them according to their impairments and abilities.

Class Criteria
T/F11 From no light perception at all in either eye, up to and including the ability to perceive light; inability to recognize objects or contours in any direction and at any distance.
T/F12 Ability to recognise objects up to a distance of 2 metres i.e. below 2/60 and/or visual field of less than five (5) degrees
T/F13 Can recognise contours between 2 and 6 metres away i.e. 2/60 O 6/60 and visual field of more than five (5) degrees and less than twenty (20) degrees.
T/F20 Athletes who have a recognised intellectual impairment according to international standards as recognised by the World Health Organisation i.e. IQ testing of 75 and below.
T/F33 Moderate quadriplegia. Fair functional strength and moderate problems in upper extremities and torso. Wheelchair for daily activities but may be ambulant with assistive devices.
T/F34 Moderate to severe problems in lower limbs, good functional strength and minimal control problems in upper limbs and torso. Wheelchair for daily activities but may be ambulant with assistive devices
T/F35 Good functional strength and minimal control problems in upper limbs. No wheelchair. May or may not use assistive devices.
T/F36 Greater upper limb involvement, less coordination / balance problems when running or throwing. Ambulates without walking devices.
T/F37 Moderate to minimal hemiplegia (i.e. one half of the body affected – arm and leg on same side). Good functional ability in non affected side. Walks / runs without assistive devices, but with a limp.
T/F38 Minimal hemiplegia. May have minimal coordination problems, good balance. Runs and jumps freely
T40 Les Autres- French for "The Others"- disabilities that do not fall into any specific categories, for example Dwarfism. Height limit, Males 145 cm, Females 140 cm.
T42 Single leg, above or through knee amputation. Combined lower plus upper limb amputations. Minimal disability.
T43 Double leg, below knee amputation. Combined lower plus upper limb amputations. Normal function in throwing arm.
T44 Single leg below knee amputation. Combined lower plus upper limb amputations. Ambulant with moderately reduced function in one or both lower limbs
T45 Double arm amputation.
T46 Single arm amputation. Normal function in both lower limbs. Other impairments in trunk. Upper limb function in throwing.
T52 Damage to spinal cord in the higher parts of the back. Substantially impaired or no trunk function; no leg function. Pushing power comes from elbow extensions.
T53 Impaired trunk movements, some with no spinal control. Some interference in their ability to perform long and forceful strokes and the ability to rapidly grasp and release the pushing rim of the wheel.
T54 Have normal or nearly normal upper limb function. May have no upper trunk movements and when pushing, the trunk is usually lying on the legs. Those with almost normal trunk function are able to perform long and forceful strokes. Double above the knee amputations.
F52 Limited arm function. Difficulty gripping with non-throwing arm.

Shot – Unable to form a fist and therefore do not usually have finger contact with the shot at the release point. Discus – Have difficulty placing fingers over the edge of the discus. Javelin – Usually grip the Javelin between the index and middle fingers, or between the middle and ring fingers.

F53 Have nearly normal grip with non-throwing arm.

Shot – Usually a good fist can be made. Can spread fingers apart and can 'grasp' the shot put when throwing. Discus – Have good finger function to hold the discus and may be able to impart spin on the discus. Are able to spread and close the fingers, but not with normal power. Javelin – Usually grip javelin between the thumb and the index finger. Have ability to hold javelin.

F54 Normal arm function; no trunk or leg function.

Shot, Discus and Javelin – Have no sitting balance and usually hold on to part of chair whilst throwing

F55 Some trunk function; no leg function. Fair to good sitting balance.
F56 Trunk function with some upper leg function. Good balance and movements backwards and forwards.
F57 Usually one 'good' leg and one 'bad' leg. Good movements backwards and forwards, usually to one side. Can raise from a sitting to a standing position with assistance during the throw.
F58 Seated. Better function than F57 athletes, but not enough to stand to throw. Usually similar impairment in both legs.

[2]

Medal summary

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Medal table

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The following medal table is the winnings of the 2020 Paralympic Games. Countries in italics are former countries who participated in the Paralympic Games. The United States has more than doubled the winnings of any other country, Great Britain and Canada being their closest competitor.

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States (USA)3903833351,108
2 Great Britain (GBR)205163186554
3 Canada (CAN)199165164528
4 China (CHN)187149100436
5 Australia (AUS)155162165482
6 West Germany (FRG)140125121386
7 Poland (POL)11710790314
8 Spain (ESP)826961212
9 France (FRA)748677237
10 Germany (GER)7096106272
11 South Africa (RSA)705554179
12 Switzerland (SUI)676861196
13 Mexico (MEX)646468196
14 Japan (JPN)606654180
15 Sweden (SWE)554834137
16 Italy (ITA)535867178
17 Belgium (BEL)534634133
18 Brazil (BRA)517354178
19 Finland (FIN)466453163
20 Austria (AUT)436265170
21 Russia (RUS)43302194
22 Tunisia (TUN)423923104
23 New Zealand (NZL)403229101
24 Ukraine (UKR)385544137
25 Ireland (IRL)383963140
26 Netherlands (NED)364845129
27 Iran (IRI)36302894
28 Denmark (DEN)36241777
29 Israel (ISR)353739111
30 Cuba (CUB)34161767
31 Norway (NOR)27292682
32 Egypt (EGY)25273587
33 Algeria (ALG)23223075
34 South Korea (KOR)21161754
35 Soviet Union (URS)219636
36 Kenya (KEN)18141446
37 Portugal (POR)17142152
38 Thailand (THA)16161446
39 Morocco (MAR)1611936
40 Argentina (ARG)15333179
41 Czech Republic (CZE)15191852
42 Jamaica (JAM)1481335
43 Nigeria (NGR)143421
44 RPC (RPC)12131338
45 Kuwait (KUW)11161643
46 Unified Team (EUN)1110728
47 Belarus (BLR)10172047
48 Yugoslavia (YUG)10111637
49 Colombia (COL)872136
50 Hong Kong (HKG)871732
51 Uzbekistan (UZB)83516
52 Azerbaijan (AZE)77822
53 Greece (GRE)6172447
54 India (IND)514726
55 Lithuania (LTU)591226
56 Bulgaria (BUL)58316
57 Latvia (LAT)55818
58 Croatia (CRO)461424
59 Rhodesia (RHO)45514
60 Angola (ANG)4318
 Serbia (SRB)4318
62 Czechoslovakia (TCH)42612
63 Malaysia (MAS)4037
64 Hungary (HUN)310619
65 Venezuela (VEN)37919
66 Panama (PAN)3418
67 Ivory Coast (CIV)3115
 Trinidad and Tobago (TTO)3115
69 Slovenia (SLO)24511
70 Namibia (NAM)24410
71 Bahrain (BRN)23510
72 Iraq (IRQ)2327
 Myanmar (MYA)2327
 Zimbabwe (ZIM)2327
75 Slovakia (SVK)2158
76 Chile (CHI)2002
Chinese Taipei (TPE)2002
78 United Arab Emirates (UAE)16613
79 Iceland (ISL)15612
80 Indonesia (INA)15410
81 Jordan (JOR)1427
82 Estonia (EST)1326
83 Puerto Rico (PUR)1225
 Saudi Arabia (KSA)1225
85 Ethiopia (ETH)1203
86 Pakistan (PAK)1113
87 Costa Rica (CRC)1102
 Independent Paralympic Participants (IPP)1102
89 Sri Lanka (SRI)1034
90 Ecuador (ECU)1023
91 Botswana (BOT)1001
 Dominican Republic (DOM)1001
 Fiji (FIJ)1001
 Sudan (SUD)1001
95 East Germany (GDR)0303
96 Bahamas (BAH)0224
97 Luxembourg (LUX)0213
98 Cyprus (CYP)0202
99 Palestine (PLE)0123
100 Malta (MLT)0112
 Uganda (UGA)0112
102 Papua New Guinea (PNG)0101
103 Cape Verde (CPV)0011
 Moldova (MDA)0011
 Mozambique (MOZ)0011
 Oman (OMA)0011
 Peru (PER)0011
 Qatar (QAT)0011
 Rwanda (RWA)0011
 Serbia and Montenegro (SCG)0011
 Turkey (TUR)0011
 Uruguay (URU)0011
 Vietnam (VIE)0011
Totals (113 entries)2,9862,9322,8118,729

Multi-medallists

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Athletes who achieved more than three medals in the Paralympic Games. Updated to 2016 Summer Paralympics.

T/F11 – 13

[edit]
No. Athlete Country Class Years Athletic event Gender Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Omara Durand  Cuba T12/T13 2012–2020 100m
200m
400m		 F 10 0 0 10
2 Assia El Hannouni  France T12/T13 2004–2012 100m
200m
400m
800m
1500m		 F 8 2 0 10
3 Maher Bouallegue  Tunisia T13 2000–2004 800m
1500m
5000m
10000m		 M 6 1 0 7
4 Jason Smyth  Ireland T13 2008–2020 100m
200m		 M 6 0 0 6
5 José Sayovo  Angola T11 2004–2012 100m
200m
400m		 M 4 3 2 9
6 Li Duan  China F11 2000–2012 Long jump
Triple jump		 M 4 2 2 8
7 Liu Cuiqing  China T11 2016–2020 100m
200m
400m
4x100m		 F 4 2 1 7
8 Adria Santos  Brazil T11/T12 1996–2008 100m
200m
400m
4x100m		 F 3 4 1 8
9 Adekundo Adesoji  Nigeria T12 2004 100m
200m
400m		 M 3 0 0 3
Royal Mitchell  United States T13 2000–2008 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay		 M 3 0 0 3
11 Ilse Hayes  South Africa T13/F13 2004–2016 100m
400m
Long Jump		 F 2 4 1 7
12 Li Yansong  China T12 2008–2012 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay		 M 2 3 2 7
13 Nathan Meyer  South Africa T13 2000–2004 100m
200m		 M 2 1 0 3
14 Ildar Pomykalov  Russia T12 1996–2008 5000m
Marathon		 M 2 0 2 4
15 Oksana Boturchuk  Ukraine T12 2008–2024 100m
200m
400m		 F 1 9 2 12
16 Carlos Amaral Ferreira  Portugal T11 1996–2004 10000m
Marathon		 M 1 3 1 5
17 André Andrade  Brazil T13 2000–2008 100m
200m		 M 1 3 0 4
18 Diosmani Gonzalez  Cuba T12 1996–2004 5000m
10000m		 M 1 2 0 3
19 Ananias Shikongo  Namibia T11 2000–2012 100m
200m
400m		 M 1 1 2 4
20 Mohamed Amguoun  Morocco T13 2012–2020 400m M 1 1 1 3
21 José Alves  Portugal T13 2000–2004 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay
4×400 m relay		 M 1 0 3 4
22 Lex Gillette  United States F11 2004–2020 Long jump M 0 5 0 5
23 Odair Santos  Brazil T11 2004–2016 800m
1500m
5000m
10000m		 M 0 4 4 8
24 Luis Bullido  Spain T11 2000–2004 100m
200m
400m
4×400 m relay		 M 0 4 1 5
25 Jason Dunkerley  Canada T11 2000–2012 800m
1500m
5000m		 M 0 3 2 5
26 Ricardo Santana  Venezuela T12 2000–2008 100m
200m
4×100m relay		 M 0 2 3 5
27 Johannes Nambala  Namibia T13 2016–2020 100m
400m
5000m		 M 0 2 1 3
28 Gautier Makunda  France T11 2004–2012 100m
4×100m relay		 M 0 1 4 5
29 Kestutis Bartkenas  Lithuania T11/13 1996–2004 5000m
10000m		 M 0 1 3 4
Oleksandr Ivaniukhin  Ukraine T11/F11/P11 2000–2008 100m
200m
400m
Long jump
Triple jump
Pentathlon		 M 0 1 3 4
31 Stuart McGregor  Canada T13 1996–2004 800m
1500m		 M 0 1 2 3

T/F32 – 38

[edit]
No. Athlete Country Class Years Athletic event(s) Gender Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Hannah Cockroft  Great Britain T34 2012–2024 100m
200m
400m
800m		 F 8 0 0 8
2 So Wa Wai  Hong Kong T36 1996–2012 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay		 M 6 3 3 12
3 Alex Hermans  Belgium C6/F36 1980–2000 Discus throw
Long jump
Shot put		 M 6 1 1 8
4 Darren Thrupp  Australia F/T37 1992–2008 100m
200m
4×100m relay
Long jump		 M 6 0 3 9
5 Zhou Xia  China T35 2016–2024 100m
200m		 F 6 0 0 6
6 Lisa McIntosh  Australia T37/T38 2000–2008 100m
200m
400m		 F 5 1 1 7
7 David Larson  United States C3-4/T33 1988–2000 100m
200m
400m
800m		 M 5 0 3 8
8 Mohamed Allek  Algeria T36-37 1996–2008 100m
200m
400m		 M 5 0 1 6
9 Benny Govaerts  Belgium C7/T37 1988–2004 800m
1500m
5000m		 M 4 1 2 7
10 Kim Du-chun  South Korea C6/T35 1988–2000 100m
200m
400m		 M 4 1 1 6
11 Wang Fang  China T36/T38 2004–2008 100m
200m
400m		 M 4 1 0 5
12 Shi Yiting  China T36 2016–2024 100m
200m		 F 4 0 0 4
13 Peter Haber  Germany C7/T36/F36 1992–2000 100m
200m
400m
Long jump		 M 3 5 0 8
14 Willem Noorduin  Netherlands C5/F35 1988–2008 Discus throw
Shot put		 M 3 4 2 9
15 Malcolm Pringle  South Africa T37/38 1996–2004 400m
800m
1500m		 M 3 3 1 7
16 Stephen Payton  Great Britain T37/38 1996–2008 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay		 M 3 2 4 9
17 Freeman Register  United States C5-6/T35 1992–2000 100m
200m
4×100m relay		 M 3 1 2 6
18 Andrzej Wrobel  Poland C7-8/T37 1992–2000 800m
1500m		 M 3 1 1 5
19 James Shaw  Canada F34/37 1996–2004 Discus throw
Javelin throw
Shot put		 M 3 0 1 4
Elena Sviridova  Russia T36 2012–2020 100m
200m
4x100m relay		 F 3 0 1 4
21 Ross Davis  United States C3-4/T34 1992–2000 100m
200m
400m
800m		 M 2 4 3 9
22 Ahmed Hassan Mahmoud  Egypt C7/T36-37 1992–2000 100m
200m
400m		 M 1 1 4 6
23 Shing Chung Chan  Hong Kong C7-8/T38 1988–2000 100m
4×100m relay		 M 1 1 3 5
24 Isabelle Foerder  Germany T37 1996–2004 100m
200m		 F 0 4 1 5
25 Fernando Gomez  Spain T35 1996 100m
200m
400m
4×100m relay		 M 0 3 0 3
26 Lamouri Rahmouni  France T36 1992–2000 400m
4×100m relay		 M 0 2 1 3

T/F42 – 46

[edit]

T/F52 – 58

[edit]

Events

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Note that not all events at a particular games are competed across all classifications

Men's events

[edit]
Event 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24
Current program
100 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
200 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
400 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
800 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
1500 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
5000 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Marathon ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
4×100metres relay ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
High jump ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Long jump ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Shot put ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Discus throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Javelin throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Club throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Past events
20 metres ●
60 metres ● ● ● ● ● ●
80 metres ●
10,000 meters ● ● ● ● ● ●
1500 metres race walk ● ●
5000 metres walk ● ●
4 x 40 metres relay ● ●
4 x 60 metres relay ● ● ●
4 x 80 metres relay ●
4 x 200 metres relay ● ●
4×400 metres relay ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Triple jump ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Precision javelin ● ● ● ● ● ●
Football accuracy ●
Football distance ●
Slalom ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Pentathlon ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Women's events

[edit]
Event 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24
Current program
100 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
200 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
400 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
800 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
1500 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
5000 metres ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Marathon ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
4×100metres relay ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Long jump ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Shot put ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Discus throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Javelin throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Club throw ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Past events
20 metres ●
4 x 40 metre relay ● ● ●
4 x 60 metre relay ●
4 x 200 metre relay ● ●
60 metres ● ● ● ●
1000 metres cross country ●
3000 metres ● ● ● ● ●
10,000 metres ● ● ●
High jump ● ● ● ●
Precision club throw ● ●
Precision javelin ● ● ● ●
Slalom ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Pentathlon ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Nations

[edit]
Event 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
 Afghanistan (AFG) 2 1 2
 Algeria (ALG) 2 7 6 14 23 23 21 7
 Angola (ANG) 2 1 4 6 4 4 6
 Antigua and Barbuda (ANT) 1 1
 Argentina (ARG) 9 18 19 15 5 6 6 9 6 10 9 8 8 12 14
 Australia (AUS) 3 4 22 21 26 36 54 76 49 42 65 43 47 43 45 15
 Austria (AUT) 5 6 20 27 37 36 30 24 18 18 17 15 7 6 5 15
 Azerbaijan (AZE) 1 3 6 7 8 10 6
 Bahamas (BAH) 1 6 6 2 4 5
 Bahrain (BRN) 12 9 3 4 2 3 2 2 2 9
 Bangladesh (BAN) 1 1 2
 Belarus (BLR) 8 16 16 18 7 6 6
 Belgium (BEL) 10 10 23 37 18 15 18 11 7 3 3 3 5 13
 Benin (BEN) 1 1 1 1 4
 Bermuda (BER) 1 1 2
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) 2 1 1 2 1 2 6
 Botswana (BOT) 1 1 2
 Brazil (BRA) 7 15 1 25 34 13 12 10 17 47 35 61 12
 Brunei (BRU) 1 1
 Bulgaria (BUL) 3 5 4 4 6 7 7 5 8
 Burkina Faso (BUR) 1 1
 Burundi (BDI) 3 1 1 3
 Cambodia (CAM) 2 1 1 1 4
 Cameroon (CMR) 1 1
 Canada (CAN) 22 35 66 66 114 79 47 40 44 39 26 22 22 13
 Cape Verde (CPV) 1 1 1 2 4
 Central African Republic (CAF) 1 1 1 3
 Chile (CHI) 1 1 1 1 4 5
 China (CHN) 12 19 12 15 27 74 80 80 75 9
 Chinese Taipei (TPE) 5 4 1 4 1 4 2 7
 Colombia (COL) 10 8 11 3 2 1 1 1 11 19 10
 Republic of the Congo (CGO) 1 1
 Costa Rica (CRC) 2 1 1 1 4
 Croatia (CRO) 1 3 7 6 13 14 11 7
 Cuba (CUB) 8 8 7 15 17 11 11 7
 Cyprus (CYP) 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 8
 Czech Republic (CZE) 14 20 21 25 15 11 6
 Czechoslovakia (TCH) 19 5 14 3
 Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD) 2 1 2
 Denmark (DEN) 1 13 25 11 7 3 3 5 4 3 6 7 12
 Djibouti (DJI) 1 1
 Dominican Republic (DOM) 1 2 2 1 1 1 6
 East Germany (GDR) 4 1
 Ecuador (ECU) 2 2 3 2 2 1 5 7
 Egypt (EGY) 1 23 28 18 9 3 17 14 15 6 6 7 12
 El Salvador (ESA) 1 2 1 1 4
 Estonia (EST) 3 4 4 1 2 2 6
 Ethiopia (ETH) 2 1 1 2 4 5 6
 Fiji (FIJ) 8 2 2 1 1 1 1 7
 Finland (FIN) 2 15 40 49 34 24 13 11 4 5 4 7 7 13
 France (FRA) 1 1 12 11 8 21 27 20 18 21 24 27 25 25 20 15
 Gabon (GAB) 1 1 1 3
 The Gambia (GAM) 2 1 2
 Germany (GER) 4 4 63 61 70 53 42 33 38 9
 Ghana (GHA) 2 2 2 1 4
 Great Britain (GBR) 3 11 33 33 30 36 130 64 62 62 46 35 35 48 54 15
 Greece (GRE) 1 5 3 2 5 11 19 32 29 25 18 11
 Guatemala (GUA) 2 1 1 1 4
 Guinea (GUI) 1 1 1 3
 Guinea-Bissau (GBS) 2 1 2
 Haiti (HAI) 2 1 2
 Honduras (HON) 2 1 2 1 1 5
 Hong Kong (HKG) 9 9 6 17 14 6 5 7 3 2 2 1 12
 Hungary (HUN) 4 1 12 4 6 6 8 2 4 5 10
 Iceland (ISL) 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 10
 Individual Paralympic Athletes (IPA) 1 1 2
 Independent Paralympic Participants (IPP) 7 1
 India (IND) 9 9 4 2 9 7 1 10 2 5 15 11
 Indonesia (INA) 12 12 8 10 3 1 2 7
 Iran (IRI) 17 14 7 12 28 14 16 26 8
 Iraq (IRQ) 7 3 3 1 8 6 6
 Ireland (IRL) 1 2 11 12 17 43 33 28 28 17 11 10 10 10 14
 Israel (ISR) 4 26 19 32 14 10 4 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 14
 Italy (ITA) 9 7 22 13 15 28 34 39 27 18 21 20 10 11 13 15
 Ivory Coast (CIV) 1 1 2 2 4 5
 Jamaica (JAM) 7 17 13 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 12
 Japan (JPN) 1 38 24 31 24 28 64 20 19 38 34 31 36 36 14
 Jordan (JOR) 7 4 4 2 3 5 3 1 8
 Kazakhstan (KAZ) 1 6 1 3 1 5
 Kenya (KEN) 3 17 13 8 13 16 12 15 12 13 7 11
 Kuwait (KUW) 9 17 18 13 11 16 10 3 5 5 10
 Latvia (LAT) 2 5 5 7 4 6 4 7
 Lebanon (LBN) 2 1
 Lesotho (LES) 2 2 1 1 2 5
 Libya (LBA) 1 1 2
 Liechtenstein (LIE) 1 1 2
 Lithuania (LTU) 4 8 9 11 8 4 4 7
 Luxembourg (LUX) 3 1 2
 Macau (MAC) 7 2 1 1 1 1 1 7
 Madagascar (MAD) 1 1 1 3
 Malawi (MAW) 1 1
 Malaysia (MAS) 3 9 5 3 3 2 1 8 9 9
 Mali (MLI) 1 2 2
 Malta (MLT) 2 1 6 8 3 1 6
 Mauritania (MTN) 1 1 2 3
 Mauritius (MRI) 2 2 1 1 1 5
 Mexico (MEX) 5 29 23 47 20 13 15 24 40 34 38 27 12
 Moldova (MDA) 3 6 2 1 4
 Mongolia (MGL) 1 2 1 1 4
 Montenegro (MNE) 1 1 2
 Morocco (MAR) 5 2 2 1 6 14 15 14 8
 Mozambique (MOZ) 2 1 2
 Myanmar (MYA) 4 10 1 1 1 1 6
 Namibia (NAM) 2 1 4 7 4
 Nepal (NEP) 1 1 2 1 4
 Netherlands (NED) 1 3 14 13 17 29 16 15 15 7 8 9 8 11 14 15
 New Zealand (NZL) 12 10 12 15 10 11 6 7 9 7 5 3 8 13
 Nicaragua (NCA) 1 2 2 3
 Niger (NIG) 1 2 2 3
 Nigeria (NGR) 1 1 4 4 9 9 6 7
 North Korea (PRK) 2 1
 Norway (NOR) 8 5 15 21 31 11 9 4 8 5 2 1 2 13
 Oman (OMA) 5 4 2 1 1 2 6
 Pakistan (PAK) 1 9 2 2 1 5
 Palestine (PLE) 2 2 2 2 1 5
 Panama (PAN) 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 7
 Papua New Guinea (PNG) 4 2 2 1 2 5
 Peru (PER) 1 1 1 5 4
 Philippines (PHI) 3 1 1 1 4
 Poland (POL) 9 18 43 20 17 10 17 27 25 29 31 31 12
 Portugal (POR) 15 10 11 12 16 11 13 15 17 9
 Puerto Rico (PUR) 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 7
 Qatar (QAT) 1 1 1 1 3 5
 Rhodesia (RHO) 3 7 4 3
 Romania (ROU) 1 2 2
 Russia (RUS) 20 22 24 39 53 5
 Rwanda (RWA) 2 1 2 1 4
 Samoa (SAM) 1 2 1 2 2 5
 San Marino (SMR) 1 1
 São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) 1 1
 Saudi Arabia (KSA) 4 2 2 3 3 5
 Senegal (SEN) 2 2 1 2 4
 Serbia (SRB) 6 4 6 3
 Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) 1 2 2
 Seychelles (SEY) 2 1 2
 Sierra Leone (SLE) 1 1 2
 Singapore (SGP) 7 4 1 1 2 1 3 7
 Slovakia (SVK) 4 8 5 5 4 2 6
 Slovenia (SLO) 5 4 5 3 4 4 1 7
 Solomon Islands (SOL) 1 1
 Somalia (SOM) 1 1
 South Africa (RSA) 3 8 19 33 8 18 29 24 17 25 19 11
 South Korea (KOR) 2 2 1 24 5 47 12 16 8 9 8 6 5 13
 Soviet Union (URS) 14 1
 Spain (ESP) 5 6 16 14 7 11 67 59 56 36 24 24 22 13
 Sri Lanka (SRI) 1 1 1 3 5 7 6
 Sudan (SUD) 10 2 2
 Suriname (SUR) 2 1 1 1 4
 Sweden (SWE) 14 20 25 25 13 14 15 14 6 6 7 5 12
 Switzerland (SUI) 1 16 28 38 45 26 20 19 18 18 15 14 12 11 14
 Syria (SYR) 1 2 1 3
 Tajikistan (TJK) 1 1
 Tanzania (TAN) 2 1 1 1 4
 Thailand (THA) 1 6 4 3 12 12 11 15 13 9
 East Timor (TLS) 1 2 2
 Tonga (TGA) 1 1 1 1 2 5
 Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) 7 1 1 2 4
 Tunisia (TUN) 1 1 3 9 22 33 31 31 8
 Turkey (TUR) 1 1 5 10 4
 Turkmenistan (TKM) 1 1
 Uganda (UGA) 2 1 1 2 1 5
 Ukraine (UKR) 7 22 24 28 31 26 6
 Unified Team (EUN) 19 1
 United Arab Emirates (UAE) 4 12 9 5 11 11 6
 United States (USA) 2 24 61 43 70 95 167 195 122 109 73 42 43 54 73 15
 Uruguay (URU) 2 1 1 1 1 1 6
 Uzbekistan (UZB) 6 11 2
 Vanuatu (VAN) 2 1 2
 Venezuela (VEN) 5 3 1 6 16 15 13 7
 Vietnam (VIE) 1 1 3 3 3 5
 Virgin Islands (ISV) 1 1
 West Germany (FRG) 1 39 49 63 77 74 64 7
 Yemen (YEM) 2 1
 Yugoslavia (YUG) 20 24 16 10 2 2 6
 Zambia (ZAM) 1 2 1 2 4
 Zimbabwe (ZIM) 3 7 2 2 2 2 1 1 8
Nations 10 16 26 39 39 40 51 57 74 84 104 116 111 141 146
Competitors 31 82 423 549 774 936 1198 1141 928 908 1044 1064 1028 1133 1140
Year 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20

See also

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References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Athletics at the Summer Paralympics.
  1. ^ IPC Athletics – About the sport Archived 2012-06-25 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ "IPC Athletics Classification Handbook 2006" (PDF) (2009/2010 ed.). June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 28, 2012.
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