Colombian presidential line of succession
The Colombian presidential line of succession is the order which the vice president and other members of the Colombian national Government assume the powers and duties of the Colombian presidency (or the office itself, in the instance of succession by the vice president) upon an elected president's death in office, resignation, removal from office upon impeachment conviction or incapacity.
The order of succession specifies that the position passes to the vice president. If the vice presidency is simultaneously vacant, or if the vice president is also incapacitated, the powers and duties of the presidency pass to the cabinet ministers, according to their respective order of precedence.[1][2]
Current order of succession
[edit]The Constitution of Colombia establishes that the Vice President is the first person in the presidential line of succession. In the absence of both the president and the vice president, article 203[3] in the Constitution establishes that the presidential office will be assumed by a Cabinet member, in order of precedence that establishes the law. The assuming Minister must be a member of the same party or movement to which the original president belonged, who will exercise the presidency within thirty days following the presidential vacancy in which Congress elects a new vice president who will assume the presidency.[4] In the table, the absence of a number in the first column indicates that the holder is not eligible.[5][6]
| Part of a series on Orders of succession |
| Presidencies |
|---|
Presidential succession by vice presidents
[edit]Three vice presidents have succeeded to the presidency during the period, two due to the resignation and one of them due to the deposition of the president in office.
| Successor | Party | President | Reason | Date of succession | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miguel Antonio Caro | National | Rafael Núñez | Resignation[9] | November 18, 1894, 31 days into Núñez's presidency. | |
| José Manuel Marroquín | Conservative | Manuel Antonio Sanclemente | Coup d'état | July 31, 1900, 1 year, 11 months and 24 days into Sanclemente's presidency. | |
| Ramón González Valencia | Conservative | Rafael Reyes | Resignation | August 4, 1909, 4 years, 11 months and 28 days into Reyes's presidency. | |
Presidential succession beyond the vice presidency
[edit]Although four vice presidents have succeeded to the presidency after the death or resignation of the president, between 1905 and 1994, the office of vice president was abolished, later being established in 1994 with the 1991 constitution, during the 86 years of abolition of the vice presidency, it was the Minister of Government who headed the line of presidential succession.
| Successor | Party | President | Reason | Date of succession | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jorge Holguín | Conservative | Marco Fidel Suárez | Resignation | November 11, 1921, 3 years, 3 months and 4 days into Suárez's presidency. | |
| Gustavo Rojas Pinilla | Military rule | Laureano Gómez | Coup d'état | June 13, 1953, 3 years, 5 months and 12 days into Gómez's presidency. | |
Next in line
[edit]Since 1991 there have been two cases in which the vice presidency became vacant; During those terms, the next people in line to serve as acting president were:
Under the Constitution of 1991
[edit]| No. | Official (party) | Dates | Reason | President (party) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Horacio Serpa (L) Minister of the Interior | September 10 – 16, 1996 | Resignation of Vice president Humberto De la Calle | Samper (L) | ||
| 2 | Guillermo Zuluaga (U) Minister of Agriculture | March 21 – 29, 2017 | Resignation of Vice president German Vargas Lleras | Santos (U) | ||
Under the Constitution of 1886
[edit]| No. | Official (party) | Dates | Reason | President (party) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | José Domingo Ospina (C) Minister of Government | February 8, 1888 – December 16, 1889 | Resignation of Vice president Eliseo Payán | Núñez (N) | ||
| Vicente Restrepo Maya (C) Minister of Government | December 16, 1889 – August 7, 1890 | |||||
| José María González (C) Minister of Government | August 8, 1890 – November 10, 1890 | |||||
| Guillermo Quintero Calderón (C) Minister of Government | November 10, 1890 – January 3, 1891 | |||||
Notes
[edit]- ^ The Constitution establishes that the presidential office will be assumed by a minister in the order of precedence established by law. The sitting minister must be a member of the same party or movement as the original president.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "El reemplazo del Presidente de la República". corteconstitucional.gov.co.
- ^ "¿Cómo sería la sucesión en caso de ausencia del presidente Santos?". publimetro.co. 16 December 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
- ^ "Article 203". Constitution of Colombia. 20 July 1991. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
- ^ "Article 205". Constitution of Colombia. 20 July 1991. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
- ^ "Artículo 17 de la Ley 1444 de 2011. Número, denominación, orden y precedencia de los Ministerios". Alcaldía de Bogotá (in Spanish). 7 September 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ "Suplencia presidencial#Colombia". pdba.georgetown.edu.
- ^ "Concepto 561531 de 2020 Departamento Administrativo de la Función Pública". funcionpublica.gov.co. 20 November 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ "Article 203". Constitution of Colombia. 20 July 1991. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
- ^ Posada Carbó, Eduardo (21 July 2017). "Rafael Núñez: sus últimos días; centenario de la muerte del Regenerador". banrepcultural.org. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
Una hora más tarde, mientras se escuchaban los cañones en las murallas de Cartagena, el gobernador de Bolívar redactaba el mensaje a Miguel Antonio Caro anunciándole la muerte del presidente de la República.