Edward Kenealy

Edward Kenealy
Kenealy at the Tichborne trial, 1873
Member of Parliament for Stoke-upon-Trent
In office 18 February 1875 – 7 April 1880 Serving with Robert Heath
Preceded by	George Melly
Succeeded by	William Woodall
Personal details
Born	(1819-07-02)2 July 1819 Cork, Ireland
Died	16 April 1880(1880-04-16) (aged 60) London, England
Resting place	St Helen's Church, Hangleton
Nationality	British
Spouse	Elizabeth Nicklin ​ (m. 1851)​
Children	11, including Arabella
Alma mater	Trinity College Dublin

Edward Vaughan Hyde Kenealy (2 July 1819 – 16 April 1880) was an Irish barrister and writer. He is best remembered as counsel for the Tichborne claimant^[1] and the eccentric and disturbed conduct of the trial that led to his ruin.

He was born on Nile Street (now Sheares Street), Cork, the son of a local merchant. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin, and was called to the Irish Bar in 1840 and to the English Bar in 1847. He obtained a fair practice in criminal cases. In 1868 he became a QC and a bencher of Gray's Inn.^[1]

He practised on the Oxford circuit and in the Central Criminal Court and his most famous cases included:^[2]

• Defence of Francis Looney and William Dowling against charges of treason-felony, (1848);
• Junior counsel in the unsuccessful defence of poisoner William Palmer, (1856);
• Defence of Ricard O'Sullivan Burke and his accomplice Casey during the Fenian Rising, (1867). Kenealy withdrew from the case following the failed attempt to effect their escape in the Clerkenwell explosion.
• Prosecution of the directors of Overend, Gurney and Company for fraud following the company's collapse, (1869);
• Counsel for Arthur Orton, alias Roger Tichborne, taking over the brief from William Campbell Sleigh in April 1873.

Kenealy suffered from diabetes and an erratic temperament has sometimes been attributed to poor control of the symptoms.^[2] In 1850 he was sentenced to one month imprisonment for punishing his six-year-old illegitimate son with undue severity. He married Elizabeth Nicklin of Tipton, Staffordshire in 1851 and they had eleven children,^[2] including novelist Arabella Kenealy (1864–1938). The Kenealy family lived in Portslade, East Sussex, from 1852 until 1874. Edward Kenealy commuted to London and Oxford for his law practice but returned at weekends and other times to be with his family.^[3][4]

In 1850, he published an eccentric poem inspired by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Goethe, a New Pantomime.^[5] He also published a large amount of poetry in journals such as Fraser's Magazine. He published translations from Latin, Greek, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Irish, Persian, Arabic, Hindustani and Bengali. It is unlikely that he was fluent in all these languages.

In 1866, Kenealy wrote The Book of God: the Apocalypse of Adam-Oannes, an unorthodox theological work in which he claimed that he was the "twelfth messenger of God", descended from Jesus Christ and Genghis Khan.^[2]

He also published a more conventional biography of Edward Wortley Montagu in 1869.^[2]

During the trial, Kenealy abused witnesses, made scurrilous allegations against various Roman Catholic institutions, treated the judges with disrespect, and protracted the trial until it became the longest in English legal history. His violent conduct of the case became a public scandal^[1] and, after rejecting his client's claim, the jury censured his behaviour.^[2]

He started a newspaper, The Englishman, to plead his cause, and to attack the judges. His behaviour was so extreme that in 1874 he was disbenched and disbarred by his Inn.^[1] His appointment as a QC was also revoked. He formed the Magna Charta Association and went on a nationwide tour to protest his cause.

At a by-election in 1875, he was elected to Parliament for Stoke-upon-Trent with a majority of 2000 votes. However, no other Member of Parliament would introduce him when he took his seat.^[1] Benjamin Disraeli forced a motion to dispense with this convention.^[2][6]

In Parliament, Kenealy called for a Royal Commission into his conduct in the Tichborne case, but lost a vote on this by 433–3. One vote was Kenealy's, another that of his teller, George Hammond Whalley. The third "aye" was by Purcell O'Gorman of Waterford City.^[7] During this period, he also wrote a nine-volume account of the case.

Dr Kenealy, as he was always called, gradually ceased to attract attention,^[1] lost his seat at the 1880 general election, dying in London before the close of polling aged 60.^[2] He is buried in the churchyard of St Helen's Church, Hangleton, East Sussex.^[8]

• Works by or about Edward Kenealy at the Internet Archive
• Hamilton, J. A., rev. R. McWilliam (2004) "Kenealy, Edward Vaughan Hyde (1819–1880)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, accessed 26 August 2007 (subscription or UK public library membership required)
• Kenealy. A., ed. (2006) [1908]. Memoirs of Edward Vaughn Kenealy. London: Kessinger. ISBN 1-4254-8405-0.
• Roe, M. (1974). Kenealy and the Tichborne Cause: A Study in mid-Victorian Populism. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press. ISBN 0-522-84057-4.
• Waterhouse, G. (1952) "Goethe's Irish Enemy – Edward Kenealy", in Boyd, J. (ed.) German Studies presented to Leonard Ashley Willoughby – by pupils, colleagues and friends on his retirement, Oxford: Blackwell

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Edward Kenealy