Gold(I) cyanide
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names Gold monocyanide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.318 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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| Properties | |
| CAuN | |
| Molar mass | 222.985 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | dark yellow powder[1] |
| Density | 7.12 g·cm−3[2] |
| insoluble | |
| Structure | |
| hexagonal | |
| P6mm (No. 183) | |
a = 340 pm, c = 509 pm[2] | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[3] | |
  | |
| Danger | |
| H300, H310, H330, H410 | |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations | Copper(I) cyanide Silver cyanide |
Related compounds | Gold(III) cyanide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Gold(I) cyanide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula AuCN. It is the binary cyanide of gold(I). It is an odourless, tasteless yellow solid.[4] Wet gold(I) cyanide is unstable to light and will become greenish.[4] Gold(I) cyanide itself is only of academic interest, but its derivative dicyanoaurate is an intermediate in gold cyanidation, the extraction of gold from its ores.[5]
Preparation
[edit]Solid gold(I) cyanide precipitates upon reaction of potassium dicyanoaurate with hydrochloric acid:
![{\displaystyle \mathrm {K[Au(CN)_{2}]+HCl\longrightarrow AuCN+HCN+KCl} }](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e81b6be966b8e29d789be3d4b9831f8595943992)
It can also be produced by the reaction of gold(III) chloride and potassium cyanide.[2]
Reactions
[edit]The solid dissolves to form water-soluble adducts with a variety of ligands: cyanides, hydroxide, ammonia, thiosulfate and hydrosulfide.[2]
Like most gold compounds, it converts to metallic gold upon heating.[citation needed]
Structure
[edit]Gold(I) cyanide's is a coordination polymer consisting of linear chains of AuCN such that each Au(I) center is bonded to carbon and nitrogen. The structure is hexagonal with the lattice parameters a = 3.40 Å and c = 5.09 Å.[2] T[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Sigma-Aldrich Co., product no. 254088.
- ^ a b c d e O. Glemser; O. Glemser, H. Sauer (1963). "Gold(I) Cyanide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=1064. NY, NY: Academic Press.
- ^ "C&L Inventory". echa.europa.eu. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ^ a b Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 1888: Goldcyanid
- ^ Rubo, Andreas; Kellens, Raf; Reddy, Jay; Steier, Norbert; Hasenpusch, Wolfgang (2006). "Alkali Metal Cyanides". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.i01_i01. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- ^ Bowmaker, Graham A.; Kennedy, Brendan J.; Reid, Jason C. (1998). "Crystal Structures of AuCN and AgCN and Vibrational Spectroscopic Studies of AuCN, AgCN, and CuCN". Inorganic Chemistry. 37 (16): 3968–3974. doi:10.1021/ic9714697. PMID 11670511.