Japanese people in China

Japanese people in China
在中日本人
Total population
Mainland China: 171,763 (2018)
Hong Kong: 27,429 (2018)[1]note
Macau: 4,200 (2018)[2]
Taiwan: 24,280 (2018)[3]
Regions with significant populations
Beijing · Suzhou · Shanghai · Guangzhou · Hong Kong · Macau · Taipei · Kaohsiung
Languages
Japanese · Mandarin · Cantonese · Hokkien · English
Religion
Buddhism · Shinto
Related ethnic groups
Japanese people in Hong Kong
Japanese people in China
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese日裔中國人
Simplified Chinese日裔中国人
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinRì Yì Zhōngguórén
Wade–GilesJih4 I4 Chung1-kuo2-jên3
Japanese name
Kanji在中日本人
Transcriptions
RomanizationZaichū Nihonjin

Japanese people in China (Japanese: 在中日本人, Chinese: 日裔中國人, also known as Japanese-Chinese or Sino-Japanese) are Japanese expatriates and emigrants and their descendants residing in Greater China. In October 2018, there were 171,763 Japanese nationals living in the People's Republic of China (excluding the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau), and 24,280 Japanese nationals living in the Republic of China (Taiwan).[3]

History

[edit]
Kibi no Makibi, Japanese diplomat who lived 17 years in China.

From 630 to 894 AD, Japan sent nineteen diplomatic missions to China started by Emperor Jomei. During this time, many Japanese doctors studied Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as many artists learning Chinese art techniques that would be brought to Japan. It is known that a third of the Japanese sent to China during missions did not return home. Tang dynasty China received 11 Japanese dancers as tribute from Balhae in year 777.

Second Sino-Japanese War

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During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese government introduced a plan to settle 5 million Japanese in Manchukuo. However, following the end of the war, approximately 2,800 Japanese orphans in China were left behind by families repatriating back to Japan.[4]

The majority of Japanese left behind in China were women, and these Japanese women mostly married Chinese men and became known as "stranded war wives" (残留婦人, zanryū fujin).[5] Because they had children fathered by Chinese men, the Japanese women were not allowed to bring their children back with them to Japan so most of them stayed, as the Japanese law only allowed children fathered by Japanese men to become Japanese citizens.

21st century

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In 2000s, more Japanese were coming to China due to its opening up and economic reforms, and Japanese nationals living in China increased roughly three times from 46,000 to 140,134 in proportion to the growth in trade volume between the two countries.[6][7]

The 2010 Census of the People's Republic of China recorded 66,159 foreign nationals from Japan residing in Mainland China (figure excluding Hong Kong and Macau),[8] representing nearly half of the Japanese Foreign Affairs Ministry figure. The number of Japanese emigrants to China and their descendants are unknown.[9][6] However, the peak was 2012 and recently decreasing.[9] In 2018, the permanent resident ratio is only 2.7%.[9]

As of October 2018, the number of Japanese nationals living in China is 140,134 (excluding 25,705 in Hong Kong and 4,200 in Macau) according to a report by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the third largest group of Japanese people outside Japan after the United States and Brazil.[9]

The number of Japanese nationals living in China. This includes Hong Kong.[9]

Shanghai has the largest concentration of Japanese nationals in Greater China.[9][10] As of October 2018, 40,747 Japanese nationals are living in Shanghai.[9] The second-largest concentrated city is Hong Kong and the third is Taipei.[9]

Education

[edit]
Japanese people in China is located in China
Dalian
Beijing
Shanghai
Suzhou
Qingdao
Qingdao
Tianjin
Tianjin
Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Shenzhen
Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Nanjing
Nanjing
Ningbo
Ningbo
Shenyang
Shenyang
Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Wuxi
Wuxi
Zhuhai
Zhuhai
Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Suzhou
Suzhou
Qingdao
Qingdao
class=notpageimage|
Locations of nihonjin gakkō in Mainland China and Hong Kong
Japanese School of Shanghai Pudong Campus
Japanese School of Beijing

The following are approved by the Japanese Ministry of Education (MEXT):

Mainland China

Hong Kong

Republic of China (Taiwan)

Unrecognized by MEXT:

Notable people

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Chinese people of Japanese descent
Japanese expatriates in China

See also

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References

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  1. ^ 海外在留邦人数調査統計 [Annual Report of Statistics on Japanese Nationals Overseas] (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (in Japanese). 1 October 2010.
  2. ^ "Macau Population Census". Census Bureau of Macau. May 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  3. ^ a b Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Japan
  4. ^ "Forgotten plight of foster parents". Xinhua News. 22 April 2005. Archived from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  5. ^ "Left Behind: Japan's Wartime Defeat and the Stranded Women of Manchukuo". Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
  6. ^ a b Kyung Lah, 12 November 2010, Twin Tale: Rising China, Japan's setting sun, CNN
  7. ^ "《中国》【年別】（輸出）" [The volume of Import and Export to China]. Trade Statistics of Japan.
  8. ^ "Major Figures on Residents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and Foreigners Covered by 2010 Population Census". National Bureau of Statistics of China. 29 April 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h 海外在留邦人数調査統計　統計表一覧 ｜ 外務省
  10. ^ "Japanese making Shanghai their home". CNN. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  11. ^ a b "アジアの日本人学校一覧（平成26年4月15日現在）." Japanese Ministry of Education. Retrieved on 12 January 2017.
  12. ^ a b "アジアの補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）" (). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Retrieved on 13 February 2015.
  13. ^ a b "日本人学校・補習授業校一覧." Consulate-General of Japan in Guangzhou (在広州日本国総領事館/日本国驻广州总领事馆). Retrieved on 21 December 2017. "深セン日本人補習校 518052　広東省深圳市南山区白石洲金三角大廈８階" and "広東省 珠海市 珠海日本人補習校 519000 広東省珠海市吉大石花西路１６１号（珠海藤倉電装有限公司内）"
  14. ^ a b c "アジアの補習授業校一覧" (). MEXT. 2 January 2003. Retrieved on 7 April 2015. "青島 青島市彰化路銀都花園T5-2" and "蘇州 蘇州日本人補習授業校 （連絡先） 中華人民共和国江蘇省蘇州市新区獅山路１６号金獅大厦１０Ｄ住友銀行蘇州支店 （所在地） 中華人民共和国江蘇省蘇州市新区金山路１１８号蘇州外国語学校内" and "カルカタ 休 校 中" and "中華人民共和国広東省SHENZHEN市蛇口工業區亀山路８號「明華国際会議中心」"
  15. ^ "アジアの補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）" (). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Retrieved on 13 February 2015. "チェンナイ Japanese School Educational Trust of Chennai Inside American International School Chennai, 100 Feet Road, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, INDIA" "南京 Nanjing Japanese Saturday School 中華人民共和国南京市栖霞区仙林大学城　学衝路8号　南京国際学校内" and "珠海 広東省珠海市拱北九州大道西2001号　恒信工業区「QSI International School of Zhuhai」内"
  16. ^ "学校案内." Japanese Weekend School of Nanjing. Retrieved on 1 April 2015. "所在地 南京国際学校(NIS)"
  17. ^ "Home" (). Wuxi Japanese Saturday School. 8 April 2008. Retrieved on 2 April 2015. "所在地：無錫市新区行創四路88号　無錫国際学校国際部"
  18. ^ "無錫日本語補習授業校" (Archive). Wuxi Japanese Saturday School. Retrieved on 3 April 2015. "開校日：　2006年4月14日" and "住所：　無錫市新区行創四路88号　無錫東方国際学校内　無錫日本語補習授業校"
  19. ^ Home page Archived 22 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Shenyang Hoshuko. Retrieved on 31 March 2015. Old URL.
  20. ^ "学校概要 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine." Shenyang Hoshuko. Retrieved on 31 March 2015. "所在地 小書童教育連鎖機構瀋陽文芸路学習中心内(瀋陽市文芸路地王国際花園10号楼2号)"
  21. ^ "沈阳市组织机构代码管理办公室" (Archive). National Administration to Code Allocation to Organizations (NACAO; 全国组织机构代码管理中心). Retrieved on 1 April 2015. "沈阳市沈河区五爱街2号(地王国际花园东裙楼)"
  22. ^ Home page. Ningbo Saturday School. Retrieved on 31 March 2015.
  23. ^ "Home." Hong Kong Japanese Supplementary School. Retrieved on 14 February 2015.
  24. ^ "学校施設." Chengdu Hoshuko. Retrieved on 1 April 2015. "成都日本語補習校は、成都市内にある広島・四川中日友好会館の一室をお借りして授業を行っています。" and "成都日本語補習校四川省成都市武候嗣盛隆街9号"
  25. ^ "学校概要." Chengdu Hoshuko. Retrieved on 1 April 2015.
  26. ^ "学校施設." Chengdu Hoshuko. Retrieved on 1 April 2015.
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