List of Latin words with English derivatives

This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages).

Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v.[1] Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words. See also Latin phonology and orthography.

Nouns and adjectives

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The citation form for nouns (the form normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but that typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.

Latin nouns and adjectives
A–M
Citation form Declining stem Meaning English derivatives
abdomen abdomin- belly abdomen, abdominal, abdominous, intra-abdominal
accipiter accipitr- hawk Accipiter, accipitrine
acer acer- maple aceric
ācer ācr- sharp acrid, acridine, acridity, acrimonious, acrimony, acritude, acrity, acrolein, eager, vinegar
acerbus
• acerbior
• acerbissimus		 acerb- bitter acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate, exacerbation
acervus acerv- heap acerval, acervate, acervation, acervative, acervose, Acervulinacea, acervuline, acervulus, coacervate, coacervation
†acervulus acervul-
acētum acēt- vinegar acetabuliform, acetabulum, acetate, acetic, acetone, aceturic, triacetate
acinus acin- berry acinaceous, acinar, acinarious, aciniform, acinose, acinous, acinus, interacinous
acus acer- chaff acerose
acus acū- needle acicular, acuity, aculeate, aculeolate, aculeus, acumen, acuminate, acupuncture, acusector, acutance, acute, acutifoliate, acutilingual, acutilobate, aiguille, cute, eglantine, nonacuity, peracute, subacute
†acicula acicul-
†acula acul-
adeps adip- fat adipocere, adipose
aedes, aedis aed- building aedicule, aedile, cavaedium, edification, edifice, edile
†aedicula aedicul-
aemulus aemul-, im- emulate, emulation, emulator, emulous, image, imagerial, imagery, imagination, imaginative, imagine, imitable, imitate, imitation, inimitable, preimage, subimago
aequus aequ-, -iqu- even, level adequacy, adequality, adequate, disequilibrium, equable, equal, equality, equanimity, equant, equation, equational, equative, equator, equatorial, equilibrium, equitable, equity, equivalence, equivalent, inadequacy, inadequate, inequality, iniquitous, iniquity
aes aer- ore aeneator, aeneous, aeruginous, aerugite, aerugo, aim, disesteem, eruginous, esteem, estimable, estimate, inestimable
aestas aest- summer aestival, aestivate, aestivation, estivate, estivator
aestus aestu- estuarial, estuarine, estuary
aetās aet- age coetaneity, coetaneous
aevum aev- age, eon age, coeternal, coeval, coevality, eternal, eterne, eviternal, grandevity, grandevous, longevity, longevous, mediaeval, nonage, premediaeval, primaeval, primeval
ager agr-, -egr- field agrarian, agrestal, agricultural, agriculture, nonagrarian, nonagricultural, peragration, peregrine, peregrinus, pilgrim, pilgrimage
†agrellus agrell-
āla[note 1] āl- wing aileron, aisle, alar, alate, aliferous, aliform, aligerous
alacer
• alacrior		 alacr- quick alacritous, alacrity, allegresse, allegretto, allegro
albus
• albior
• albissimus		 alb- dull white alb, alba, albarium, albedo, albino, albite, album, albumen, albumin, aubade
alga alg- seaweed algae, algal, algicidal, algicide
alius ali- other abalienate, alias, alibi, alien, alienability, alienable, alienate, alienation, aliquot, inalienability, inalienable, nonalien
allium, ālium alli- garlic Allium
alter alter- other adulterant, adulterate, adulteration, adulterine, adulterous, adultery, alter, alter ego, alterability, alterable, alterant, alteration, alterative, inalterable
alternus altern- altern, alternant, alternate, alternation, alternative, alternator, bialternant
alumnus alumn- alumnus alumni
alveus alve- alveolar, alveolate, alveolus, interalveolar, postalveolar
†alveolus alveol-
amārus amar- bitter amarelle, amaretti, amaretto, amarine, amaritude, amaro
ambō amb- both ambient, ambiguous
amoenus amoen- amenity
amplus
• amplior
• amplissimus		 ampl- ample ample, ampliate, ampliation, amplification, amplitude
anas anat- duck Anas, anatine
ancūla ancūl- ancillary
†ancilla ancill-
anguis angu- snake Anguidae, anguiform, Anguilla, anguilliform, anguine, anguineous
anguiculus anguicul-
†Anguilla anguill-
angulus angul- corner angular, angularity, angulose, biangular, biangulate, equiangular, equiangularity, multangular, multiangular, nonrectangular, octangle, octangular, quadrangle, quadrangular, quinquangular, rectangle, rectangular, semiangle, semiangular, septangle, septangular, sexangle, sexangular, triangle, triangular, triangularity, triangulation
†angellus angell-
anima anim- breath, life, soul anima, animal, animalcule, animate, animation, animato, animator, exanimate, inanimate, reanimate
animus anim- mind, anger animadversion, animose, animosity, animus, equanimity, equanimous, multanimous, nonunanimous, pusillanimity, pusillanimous, unanimity, unanimous
annus ann-, -enn- year annals, annates, anniversary, annotinous, annual, annuity, biannual, bicentennial, biennial, biennium, bimillennial, centennial, decennial, millennial, millennium, octennial, per annum, perennate, perennial, quadrennial, quadrennium, quinquennial, quinquennium, semiannual, septennial, sexennial, superannuate, superannuation, triennial, triennium
ānser ānser- goose Anser, anserine
†anserculus ansercul- gosling
antenna antenn- antenna, antennal, antennule
ānus an- ring anal, annelid, Annelida, annular, annulate, annulation, annulus, anus, biannulate, circumanal, exannulate, penannular, semiannular, subanal
†ānulus anul-
†ānellus anell-
apis ap- bee apian, apiarian, apiary, apiculture
aqua aqu- water acquacotta, akvavit, aqua vitae, aquaculture, aquamanile, aquamarine, aquarelle, aquarial, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aquatile, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer, aquiferous, aquiform, ewer, gouache, semiaquatic, sewage, sewer, sewerage
†aquula aquul-
aquila aquil- eagle Aquila, aquiline, aquilinity
arbiter[note 2] arbitr-  – arbiter, arbitrable, arbitrage, arbitrageur, arbitral, arbitrament, arbitrarious, arbitrary, arbitrate, arbitration, arbitrator, arbitratrix, arbitress, nonarbitrary
arbor, arbōs arbor- tree arboraceous, arboreal, arboreality, arboreous, arborescence, arborescent, arboretum, arboricide, arboriculture, arborous, arborvitae, arbuscle, arbuscular
†arbuscula arbuscul-
arca arc- arcane
†arcula arcul-
arcus arc- bow arc, arciform, arco, arcuate
arduus ardu- steep arduous
argentum argent- silver argent, argentate, argenteous, argentiferous, Argentina, argentite
arma arm- arms (weapons) alarm, ambry, armada, armadillo, armament, armamentarium, armarium, armature, armiferous, armiger, armigerous, armipotent, armistice, armor, armorial, armory, army, disarm, disarmament, gendarme, gendarmerie, nonarmigerous, rearm, rearmament
armus arm- shoulder armill, armillary, armillifer
†armilla armill-
ars art-
-ert-		 art, skill artifact, artifice, artificial, artificiality, artisan, artisanal, artisanality, inartificial, inert, inertia, inertial, noninert, noninertial
artus art- tight arctation, coarct, coarctate, coarctation
artūs art- joint article, articulable, articulacy, articular, articulate, articulation, articulative, articulator, articulatory, biarticular, biarticulate, coarticulation, disarticulation, inarticulable, inarticulacy, inarticulate, interarticular, intra-articular, multiarticular, multiarticulate, quinquarticular, subarticle, triarticulate
†articulus articul-
arvus arv- plowed arval
as ass-
-uss-		 ace, decussate, decussation, semis, tremissis
asinus asin- donkey Aselli, asinine, Asinus, easel
†asellus asell-
asper asper- rough asperate, asperatus, asperity, exasperate, exasperation
astus ast- astute
audāx
• audācior
• audācissimus		 audāc- brave, bold audacious, audacity
auris aur- ear aural, auricle, auricular, auriculate, auriform, auscultation, biauricular, biauriculate, binaural, circumaural, interauricular, scout
†auricula auricul-
aurum aur- gold aurate, aureate, aureole, auriferous, aurification, aurous, dory, inaurate, inauration, oriole, orpiment
avēna avēn- oat Avena, avenaceous, avenary, avener
avis avi- bird aucupation, augur, auspex, auspicate, auspice, auspicious, Aves, avian, aviary, aviation, aviator, aviatrix, avicide, Avicula, aviculture, avifauna
†aucella aucell-
†avicula avicul-
avunculus avuncul- uncle, mother's brother avuncular, avunculate, avunculicide, avunculocal, uncle
axis axi- axle abaxial, adaxial, axial, axiality, axifugal, axile, biaxial, biaxiality, coaxial, interaxial, multiaxial, semiaxis, triaxial, triaxiality, uniaxial
baca bac- berry baccalaureate, baccate, bacciferous, bacciform, baccivorous, bagasse, bagatelle
†bacula bacul-
baculum bacul- staff bacillary, bacilliform, bacillus, baculiform, baculine, baguette, debacle, imbecile, imbecility
†bacillum bacill-
bāiulus, bājulus bāiul- carrier bail, bailee, bailie, bailiff, bailiwick, bailliage, baillie, bailment, bailor
barba barb- beard barb, barbate, barbel, barbellate, barber, barbet, barbicel, barbine, barbule, rebarbative
†barbula barbul-
bassus bass- low abase, abasement, bas-relief, base, basset, basso, bassoon, bassus, debase, debasement
beatus beat- blessed beatification, Beatitudes
bellum bell- war antebellum, bellic, bellicose, bellicosity, belligerence, belligerent, debellatio, imbellic, rebel, rebellion, revel, revelment, revelry
bellus bell- pretty beautiful, beauty, embellish, embellishment
bene ben- well benediction, benedictional, benedictory, benefaction, benefactive, benefactor, benefactrix, benefic, benefice, beneficence, beneficent, benefit, benign, benignity
bestia besti- animal beast, bestial, bestiary
bini bin- two each binary, binate, combination, combinatorial, combine, recombinant
bonus
• melior
• optimus 		bon-
• melior-
• optim- 		good
• better
• best 		bonbon, bonify, bonitary, bonus, boon, debonair
• ameliorate, amelioration, meliority
• optimal, optimate, optimum, suboptimal
bōs bov- cow, ox bovine, bovinic acid
botulus botul- sausage botulin, boudin
†botellus botell-
bracchium brac- arm, support embrace, braces, bracelet
brevis brev- brief, short abbreviate, abbreviation, breve, brevet, breviary, brevity, brief, debrief
bucca bucc- cheek, mouth, cavity buccal, buccinator muscle, buckle, debouch, debuccalization
†buccula buccul-
bulbus bulb- bulbous bulb, bulbar, bulbose, bulbous, bulbule
†bulbulus bulbul-
bulla bull- bubble, flask bill, billet, boil, boilery, bola, bolillo, bouillon, bowl, bull, bulla, bullion, ebullience, ebullient, ebullition, garboil
bursa burs- pouch, purse bolson, bourse, bursa, bursar, bursary, disbursal, disburse, disbursement, imburse, reimburse, reimbursement
caballus caball- horse caballero, cavalcade, cavalero, cavalier, cavalry, chevalier, chivalrous, chivalry
calvus calv- bald calvarium, Calvary, Calvin, calvities, calvity, calvous
calx calc-
-culc-		 heel calcaneal, calcaneum, calcaneus, calque, calzone, caulk, inculcate, inculcation, recalcitrance, recalcitrant, retrocalcaneal
calx calc- limestone, pebble calcareous, calciferous, calcific, calcification, calciform, calcite, calcium, calculability, calculable, calculate, calculation, calculator, calculus, caliche, chalk, decalcification, incalculable, precalculate, recalcification, recalculate
†calculus calcul-
camera camer- vault antechamber, bicameral, cabaret, camaraderie, camber, camera, chamber, chamberlain, comrade, concamerate, concameration, multicamera, multicameral, tricameral, unicameral
camisia camisi- shirt camisade, camisado, Camisard, camisole, chemise
campus camp- field camp, campaign, campesino, campestral, campo, campsite, campus, champart, champarty, champertous, champerty, champignon, champion, decamp, decampment, encamp, encampment
cancer cancr- crab cancer, cancerate, cancerous, cancriform, cancrine, canker, precancerous
candēla candēl- candle candela, candelabra, candelabrum, chandelier, chandler, chandlery
canis can- dog canaille, canary, canicular, canicule, canid, canine, Canis, Canis Major, postcanine
cānus cān- gray, grey canescence, canescent
capanna capann- cabana, cabin, cabinetry
caper, capra capr- goat cabriole, cabriolet, caper, capreolate, capric, Capricorn, caprid, caprifig, capriform, caprigenous, caprine, capriole
†capellus capell-
†capreolus, capreola capreol-
capillus capill- hair capellini, capillaceous, capillarity, capillary, capilliform, capillose, dishevel, dishevelment, precapillary
capsa caps- box, case caisson, cajón, capsicum, capsular, capsule, case, cashier, cassette, cassone, chassis, encapsulant, encapsulate, encapsulation, encase, encasement, incase, incasement, intracapsular, subcapsular
†capsella capsell-
†capsula capsul-
caput capit-, -cipit- head achievable, achieve, achievement, ancipital, ancipitous, biceps, bicipital, cabotage, cad, caddie, cadet, cape, cap, capital, capitular, capitulary, capitulate, capitulation, capitule, capitulum, capo, capodecina, caporegime, captain, captaincy, cattle, caudillo, centicipitous, chapter, chaptrel, chattel, chef, chief, chieftain, co-captain, co-captaincy, decapitate, decapitation, occipital, occiput, per capita, precipice, precipitando, precipitation, precipitous, quadriceps, quadricipital, recapitulate, sincipital, sinciput, sous-chef, subcaptain, tri-captain, triceps, tricipital, unicipital, vice-captain, vice-captaincy
†capitellum capitell-
†capitulum capitul-
carbo carbon- coal bicarbonate, carbon, carbonate, carbonation, Carboniferous, carbuncle, radiocarbon
carcer, cancer carcer- jail cancel, cancellable, cancellate, cancellation, cancellous, cancellus, chancel, chancellery, chancellor, chancery, incarcerate, incarceration, subchancel
†cancelli cancell-
cardo cardin- hinge cardinal, cardinality, kern
carduus cardu- thistle card
cariēs cari- decay cariosity, carious
carīna carīn- keel careen
caro carn- flesh carnage, carnal, carnary, carnate, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, carnose, carnosity, carrion, caruncle, carunculate, charcuterie, charnel, discarnate, incarnadine, incarnate, incarnation, reincarnate, reincarnation
carrus, carrum carr- wheeled vehicle car, career, cargo, caricature, carriage, carry, charge, chargé, chargée, chariot, charioteer, charrette, countercharge, discharge, dischargee, encharge, multicar, recharge, surcharge
cartilago cartilagin- cartilage cartilage, cartilaginous, noncartilaginous, precartilage
cārus
• cārior
• cārissimus		 cār- dear caress, caressive, charitable, charity, cherish, cherishable, noncharitable
casa cas- house casino
cāseus cāse- cheese caseic, casein, caseous, cheese, quesadilla
castrum castr- fort -caster, castellan, castellation, castle, chateau, chatelain, Chester
†castellum castell-
castus
• castior
• castissimus		 cast-, -cest- pure caste, castigate, castigation, castigator, chaste, chasten, chastenment, chastity, incest, incestuous
catēna catēn- chain catenary, catenate, catenation, catenative, catenulate, chain, concatenate, concatenation, enchain, enchaînement, nonconcatenative
†catēnula catēnul-
cauda caud-, cod- tail cauda, caudal, caudate, caudicle, coda, codetta, curvicaudate, dequeue, enqueue, queue
†caudicula caudicul-
caulis caul-, col- stalk, stem caulescent, caulicle, cauliflorous, cauliflory, cauliform, cauline, choux
†cauliculus caulicul-
causa caus-, -cus- motive, accusation accusal, accusation, accusative, accusativity, accusatory, accuse, causality, causation, causative, causativity, excusable, excuse, inexcusable, irrecusable, recusal, recusancy, recusant, recuse, ruse, rush
cavus cav- hollow biconcave, biconcavity, cage, cajole, cajolement, caval, cavate, cavatina, cave, cavea, cavern, cavernicolous, cavernous, cavernulous, cavicorn, cavitation, cavity, concave, concavity, encage, excavate, excavation, excavator, quasiconcave, quasiconcavity
celeber celebr- famous celebrant, celebrate, celebration, celebratory, celebrity, concelebration
celer
• celerior
• celerrimus		 celer- quick, swift accelerando, accelerant, accelerate, acceleration, accelerator, celerity, decelerando, decelerate, deceleration, decelerator
centeni centen- hundred each bicentenary, centenarian, centenary, centenionalis, supercentenarian, ultracentenarian
centesimus centesim- hundredth centavo, centesimal, centesimation, centime, céntimo
centum cent- hundred cent, centennial, centifidous, centillion, centurial, centurion, century, semicentennial, sesquicentennial, tricentennial
cera cer- wax ceraceous, cereous, ceresin, inceration
cerebrum cerebr- brain cerebellar, cerebellum, cerebral, cerebrifugal, cerebripetal, intracerebral
†cerebellum cerebell-
certus cert- certain ascertain, ascertainable, certificate, certification, certiorari, certitude, decertification, incertitude, recertification
cervīx cervīc- neck cervical, cervix, intracervical
cervus cerv- deer cervid, Cervidae, cervine
ceterus ceter- other et cetera
cibus cib- food cibarious, cibarium, cibation
cicātrīx cicātrīc- scar cicatrice
cilium cili- eyelash cilia, ciliary, ciliate, ciliation, supercilious
cinis ciner- ashes cinder, cinerarium, cinerary, cinereous, cinerin, incinerate, incineration, incinerator
cippus cipp- stake cep
circus circ- circle bicircular, circa, circinate, circular, circularity, circulate, circulation, circulator, circulatory, circumcircle, circus, cirque, encircle, encirclement, multicircular, noncircular, quasicircle, recirculate, recirculation, recirculator, research, ricercar, search, searchable, semicircle, semicircular, tricircular
†circulus circul-
†circellus circell-
cirrus cirr- curl, tentacle cirrate, cirriform, cirriped, cirrose, cirrous, cirrus
citer
• citerior
• citimus 		citr-
• citerior-
• citim- 		on this side
•
•
• citerior
•
cīvis cīv- citizen citadel, city, civil, civilian, civility, incivil, incivility, intercity
clārus
• clārior
• clārissimus		 clār- clear chiaroscuro, clairaudience, claircognizance, Claire, clairgustance, clairolfactus, clairsentience, clairvoyance, clairvoyant, Clara, clarain, claret, clarificant, clarification, clarify, clarinet, clarion, Clarissa, claritude, clarity, clear, clearage, clearance, cleartext, declarable, declaration, declarative, declaratory, declare, éclair, glair, glaireous, redeclare
clavis clav- key claves, clavicle, clavier, enclave, exclave
†clāvicula clāvicul-
clemens clement- mild clemency, clement, inclemency, inclement
codex codic- code, codex, codical, codicil
†codicillus codicill-
collis coll- hill colliculus
†colliculus collicul-
collum coll- neck collar
color color- color bicolor, Colorado, coloration, coloratura, concolorous, decolor, discolor, discoloration, multicolor, tricolor, unicolor, versicolor
cōlum cōl- strainer colander, coulee, coulis, coulisse, couloir, cullender, cullis, percolate, percolation, percolator, piña colada, portcullis
columba columb- dove columbarium, columbary, Columbella, columbine
cor cord- heart accord, accordance, accordant, accordatura, concord, concordance, concordant, concordat, corcle, cordate, cordial, cordiality, cordiform, core, courage, courageous, discord, discordance, discordant, discourage, discouragement, encourage, encouragement, nonaccordant, obcordate, record, scordatura
†corcillum corcill-
†corculum corcul-
corbis corb- basket corb, corf
corium cori- skin, hide coriaceous, excoriate
cornū corn- horn bicorn, bicorne, Capricorn, cornea, corneal, corneous, corner, cornicle, corniculate, corniferous, cornification, corniform, cornucopia, quadricorn, quadricornous, tricorn, tricorne, tricornigerous, tricornute, unicorn, unicornous
†corniculum cornicul-
cornus corn- dogwood cornaceous, cornel, Cornus
†cornicula cornicul-
corona coron- crown corolla, corollaceous, corollarial, corollary, corona, coronamen, coronary, coronate, coronation, coronavirus, coroner, coronet, coroniform, Coronilla, crown, incoronate
†corolla coroll-
corpus corpor- body accorporate, bicorporal, concorporate, concorporation, corporal, corporality, corporate, corporation, corporative, corporature, corporeal, corporeality, corporeity, corps, corpse, corpulence, corpulent, corpus, corpuscle, corpuscular, disincorporate, disincorporation, extracorporeal, incorporal, incorporality, incorporate, incorporation, incorporeal, incorporeality, incorporeity, tricorporal
†corpusculum corpuscul-
cortex cortic- bark, rind cortical, corticate, corticiform, corticifugal, corticipetal, decorticate, decortication, decorticator
coruscus corusc- vibrate coruscant, coruscate, coruscation
corvus corv- raven corbel, cormorant, corvine
†corvellus corvell-
costa cost- rib accost, bicostate, coast, coastal, costa, costal, costate, curvicostate, entrecôte, infracostal, intercostal, intracoastal, multicostate, quadricostate, supracostal, tricostate, unicostate
cotoneum cotōne- quince cotoneaster
coxa cox- hip coxal
crapula crapul- inebriation crapulence, crapulent
cras cras- tomorrow crastination, procrastinate, procrastination, procrastinator
crassus crass- thick crass, crassitude, crassulaceous
crātis crāt- lattice, wickerwork crate, grate, graticulation, graticule, griddle, grill, grillade, grillage, grille
†craticula craticul-
crēna crēn- notch bicrenate, crena, crenate, crenation, crenature, crenulate, crenulation
†crēnula crēnul-
creta cret- chalk cretaceous
cribrum cribr- sieve cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform, garble
†cribellum cribell-
crimen[note 3] crimin- judgment, offense criminal, criminality, criminate, incriminate, recriminate, recrimination
crīnis crīn- hair crinel, crinigerous, crinite, crinoline, crinose, crinosity
crispus crisp- curled crape, crepe, crêpe, crisp, crispate, crispation
crista crist- crest crease, crest, cristate
crudelis crudel- rude, ruthless, cruel cruel, crude
crus crur- leg, shank bicrural, crural, crus, equicrural
crusta crust- rind, shell, crust crostata, croustade, croûte, crouton, crust, crustacean, crustaceous, crustal, crustation, crustific, crustose, custard, duricrust, encrust, encrustation, incrust, incrustation
crux cruc- cross crucial, cruciate, crucifer, cruciferous, crucifix, crucifixion, cruciform, crucify, crucigerous, crusade, cruzeiro, discruciate, excruciate
cucullus cucull- hood cowl, cucullate
cuculus cucul- cuckoo cuculiform
cucurbita cucurbit- gourd cucurbit, Cucurbita, cucurbitaceous
culcita culcit- mattress quilt
culex culic- gnat Culex, culiciform, culicifuge, culicine, Culicivora
culina culin- kitchen culinarian, culinary, kiln
culpa culp- blame, fault culpability, culpable, culprit, exculpate, exculpatory, inculpable, inculpate, inculpatory, mea culpa
culter cultr- knife colter, coulter, cultellus, cutlass, cutler, cutlery
†cultellus cultell-
cūlus cul- buttocks culet, culottes, recoil
cumulus cumul- heap accumulate, accumulation, accumulator, cumulate, cumulative, cumulativity, cumuliform, cumulose, cumulous, cumulus
cūnae cūn- cradle cunabula, incunable, incunabula, incunabular, incunabulum
cuneus cune- wedge coign/coigne, coin, cuneate, cuneiform, cuneus, encoignure, obcuneate, precuneus, quoin, sconcheon/scuncheon
cūpa cūp- tub, goblet, cask cooper, cooperage, cup, cupel, cupellation, cupola, cupule
†cūpella cūpell-
†cūpula cūpul-
cura cur- care accuracy, accurate, assecure, assurance, assure, curable, curate, curative, curator, cure, curettage, curette, curio, curiosity, curious, ensure, inaccurate, incurable, insecure, insecurity, insurability, insurable, insurance, insure, pococurante, proctor, proctorage, procurable, procuracy, procuration, procurator, procure, procurement, proxy, reassurance, reassure, reinsurance, reinsure, scour, scourage, secure, security, sinecural, sinecure, sure, surety
currus curr- chariot corral, curule
curtus curt- shortened curt, curtail, curtate, decurt
curvus curv- bent curb, curvate, curvation, curvature, curve, curviform, curvilinear, curvity, incurvate, incurvature, incurve, recurvate, recurve, recurvous
cuspis cuspid- tip bicuspid, bicuspidate, cusp, quadricuspid, tricuspid
custos custod- guardian custodial, custodian, custody, noncustodial
cutis cut- hide, skin cutaneous, cuticle, cuticolor, cuticular, cutin, cutis, cutisector, subcutaneous
†cuticula cuticul-
damnum damn-
-demn-		 harm condemn, condemnation, damage, damnation, damnific, damnify, indemnification, indemnify, indemnity
decem decem- ten dean, deanery, decan, decanal, December, decemfid, decempedal, decemvirate, decemviri, decennary, decennial, decennium, decuple, decurion, decurionate, decury, dicker, doyen, doyenne
decimus decim- tenth decimal, decimate, decimation, dime
decus decor- decor, décor, decorament, decorate, decoration, decorative, decorator, decorous, decorum, redecorate
deni den- ten each denar, denarian, denarius, denary, denier, dinar, dinero, dinheiro
dens dent- tooth bident, bidental, dental, dentate, denticity, denticle, denticulate, dentiferous, dentiform, dentifrice, dentil, dentin, dentinal, dentition, denture, indent, indentation, indenture, interdental, intradental, multidentate, quadridentate, trident, tridentate
†denticulus denticul-
densus dens- thick condensable, condensate, condensation, condense, dense, density, nondense
deter
• dēterior
• dēterrimus 		deter-
• deterior-
• deterrim-
• worse
• worst
• deterior, deteriorate, deterioration
•
deus de- god deicidal, deicide, deific, deification, deiform, deity
dexter
• dexterior
• dextimus 		dextr-
• dexterior-
• dextim- 		right ambidextrous, dexterity, dexterous, dextral, dextrality, dextrin, dextrorse, dextrose
•
•
diēs diē- day adjourn, adjournment, aggiornamento, antemeridian, circadian, dial, diary, diurnal, diurnality, infradian, jornada, journal, journey, meridian, meridional, nundinal, per diem, postmeridian, quotidian, semidiurnal, sojourn, transmeridional, triduan, triduum, ultradian
digitus digit- finger, toe bidigitate, digit, digital, digitate, digitiform, digitigrade, multidigit, multidigitate
dignus dign- worthy condign, deign, dignify, dignitarial, dignitary, dignity, disdain, indign, indignance, indignant, indignation, indignity
dirus dir- fearful dire
discipulus discipul- student disciple, disciplinarian, disciplinary, discipline, interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, transdisciplinarity
divus div- god divination, divinatory, divine, divinity
dominus domin- lord beldam/beldame, codomain, codominance, codominant, condominium, dam, dame, damsel, demesne, demoiselle, domain, dominance, dominant, dominate, domination, dominative, dominator, dominatrix, domine, domineer, dominicide, dominion, dominium, domino, duenna, madam, madame, mademoiselle, madonna, predominance, predominant, predominate, semidominance, subdominant, superdominant
domus dom- house domal, dome, domestic, domesticate, domestication, domesticity, domestique, domicile, domiciliary, major-domo, semidome
dōnum dōn- gift condonation, condone, donation, donative, donator, donatory, pardon, pardonable
dorsum dors- back disendorse, dorsal, dorsum, dossier, endorse, endorsee, endorsement, indorse, indorsement, reredos
dos dot- dowry dotal, dotation dowager dowry endow endowment
drappus drapp- cloth drab, drape, drapery
dulcis dulc- sweet billet-doux, dolce, dolcetto, douce, doux, dulcet, dulcian, dulcify, dulcimer, edulcorant, edulcorate, subdulcid
duo du- two deuce, doubt, dual, duality, dubiety, dubious, duet, duo, duplex, duumvirate, duumviri, nonduality
duodecim duodec- twelve dozen, duodecennial, duodecillion
duodecimus duodec- twelfth duodecimal
duodeni duoden- twelve each duodenal, duodenary, duodenum
duplus dupl- twofold dobla, double, doubloon, doublure, duplation, duple, redouble, semidouble
durus dur- hard dour, durability, durable, duration, durative, duress, durum, endurable, endurance, endurant, endure, indurate, induration, nondurable, obdurate, obduration, perdurable, perdurance, perdure, subdural
ebrius ebri- drunk inebriant, inebriate, inebriation, inebriety, sober, sobriety
ensis ens- sword ensiferous, ensiform
equus equ- horse equestrian, equine
eruca eruc- caterpillar eruciform
exterus
• exterior
• extremus 		exter-
• exterior-
• extrem-
• outer
• outmost 		extern, external, externality
• exterior
• extreme, extremity, extremum
faba fab- bean faba bean, fabaceous, aquafaba
faber fabr- fabric, fabrication, fabricator
faenum faen- hay fennel, sainfoin
falx falc- sickle defalcation, falcate, falciform
fames fam- hunger famine, famish
fanum fan- temple profane, profanity
fascis fasc- bundle fasces, fascicle, fascicular, fasciculation, fascine
†fasciculus fascicul-
fatuus fatu- foolish, useless fatuous, infatuation
fauces fauc-, -foc- throat faucal, suffocate, suffocation
febris febr- fever antefebrile, febrifacient, febriferous, febrifuge, febrile
fēlēs fēl- cat felid, Felinae, feline
fēlix fēlic- happy felicitations, felicitous, felicity
fēmina fēmin- woman effeminacy, effeminate, feminine, feminism, feminist, femininity
femur femor- thigh femoral, femur
fenestra fenestr- window defenestration
ferox feroc- fierce ferocious, ferocity
ferrum ferr- iron farrier, farriery, ferrate, ferrite, ferreous, ferrous, ferruginous, ferrugo, nonferrous
ferus fer- wild feral, ferine, ferocious, ferocity, fierce
festūca festūc- fescue, Festuca
festus fest- feast, festal, festival, festive, festivity, festivous, festoon, Festus, fete, fiesta, infestive
feudum feud- fee feodary, feudal, feudary, feudatory, subinfeudation
fibra fibr- defibrillate, defibrillation, defibrillator, fiber, fibre, fibriform, fibril, fibrillar, fibrillate, fibrin, fibrinous, fibrous, multifibrous
†fibrilla fibrill-
fībula[note 4] fībul- clasp, fastener fibula, fibular, infibulate, infibulation
ficus fic- fig Ficus
fidēs fid- faith, trust affiance, affiant, affidavit, confidant, confidante, confide, confidence, confident, confidential, confidentiality, defiance, defiant, defy, diffide, diffidence, diffident, faith, feal, fealty, fiancé, fiancée, fidelity, fiducial, fiduciary, infidel, infidelity, interfaith, multifaith, perfidious, perfidy, prefident
fīlia
fīlius		 fīli-
fīli-		 daughter
son		 affiliate, affiliation, affiliative, disaffiliate, disaffiliation, filial, filiate, filiation, filicide, filiety, nonaffiliation
filum fil- thread bifilar, defilade, defile, enfilade, filament, filarial, filariform, filet, filiferous, filiform, filigree, fillet, multifilament, profile, unifilar
fimbriae fimbri- fimbria, fimbrial, fimbriate, fimbriation, fimbrillate, fringe
fimus fim- dung fimicolous
fīnis fīn- end, limit affinal, affine, affinitive, affinity, confine, confinement, confines, confinity, define, definiendum, definiens, definite, definition, definitive, equifinality, final, finality, finance, fine, finery, finesse, finis, finish, finite, finito, finitude, indefinite, indefinitude, infinite, infinitesimal, infinitive, infinitude, infinity, nonaffinity, nonfinal, nonfinite, prefinite, raffinate, raffinose, redefine, redefinition, refinance, refine, refinement, refinery, semidefinite, semifinal, superfine, transfinite
firmus firm- firm affirm, affirmance, affirmant, affirmation, affirmative, affirmatory, confirm, confirmation, confirmational, confirmatory, disaffirm, disaffirmation, farm, fermata, firmament, infirm, infirmarian, infirmary, infirmity, nonaffirmation, obfirm, obfirmation, reaffirm, reaffirmation, reconfirm, reconfirmation
fiscus fisc- basket confiscate, confiscation, confiscatory, fisc, fiscal, fiscus
fistula fistul- pipe, tube fistula, fistulate, fistuliform, fistulose, fistulous
flaccus flacc- flabby flaccid, flaccidity
flagrum flagr- flagellant, flagellar, flagellate, flagellation, flagelliform, flagellin, flagellum, flail, multiflagellate, uniflagellate
†flagellum flagell-
flamma[note 5] flamm- flame flamage, flambé, flambeau, flamboyance, flamboyant, inflame, inflammable, inflammation, inflammatory, oriflamme
flavus flav- yellow flavin, flavivirus, flavonoid
floccus flocc- tuft deflocculant, deflocculation, floc, floccillation, floccinaucinihilipilification, floccose, flocculant, floccular, flocculation, floccule, flocculent, floccus, flock
†flocculus floccul-
flōs flōr- flower counterflory, deflorate, defloration, effleurage, effloresce, efflorescence, efflorescent, fiori, fioritura, fleur-de-lis, fleury, flora, floral, florescence, florescent, floret, floriculture, florid, floridean, floridity, floriferous, floriform, florilege, florilegium, florin, floruit, florulent, flory, flour, flourish, flower, inflorescence, multiflora, multiflorous, pauciflor, pluriflor, uniflorous
†floscellus floscell-
focus foc- hearth bifocal, confocal, defuel, focaccia, focal, focus, foyer, fuel, fusillade, multifocal, omnifocal, parfocal, refocus, refuel, trifocal, varifocal
foedus foeder- confederate, confederation, federacy, federal, federation
folium foli- leaf bifoliate, bifoliolate, centifolious, cinquefoil, counterfoil, defoliant, defoliate, defoliation, exfoliant, exfoliate, exfoliation, exfoliative, feuilleton, foil, folate, foliage, foliar, foliate, foliation, foliature, folic, foliferous, folio, foliolate, foliole, foliose, foliosity, folivore, folivorous, folivory, multifoil, multifoliate, octofoil, perfoliate, portfolio, quadrifoliate, quadrifolium, quatrefoil, septifolious, trefoil, trifoliate, trifoliolate, trifolium, unifoliate
†foliolum foliol- leaflet
follis foll- bellows follicle, follicular, follis, folly, fool, foolery
†folliculus follicul-
fons font- fountain, spring font, fontal, fontanelle
foris for- outdoors afforest, afforestation, deforest, deforestation, disforest, foreclose, foreign, forensic, forest, forfeit, forum, reforest, reforestation
fōrma fōrm- form, shape biform, biformity, conform, conformable, conformance, conformant, conformity, counterreformation, deform, deformable, deformation, deformity, disinformation, formable, formal, formality, formant, format, formation, formative, formula, formulary, formulation, inform, informal, informality, informant, information, informative, irreformable, malformation, nonconformance, perform, performance, preform, preformat, reform, reformable, reformat, reformation, reformatory, transform, transformable, transformation, transformational, transformative, triform, triformity, uniform, uniformity
†formella formell-
†formula formul-
formica formic- ant formic
formus form- warm
fornix fornic- vault fornication, forniciform
fors fort- luck fortuitous, fortuity, fortunate, fortune
fortis fort- strong comfort, effort, force, forcible, forte, fortification, fortify, fortis, fortissimo, fortitude
fovea fove- shallow round depression fovea, foveal, foveole
frāter frātr- brother fraternal, fraternity, fratricide, friar, friary
fraus fraud- fraud defraud, defraudation, fraud, fraudulent
frēnum frēn- bridle frenal, frenate, frenulum, frenum, refrain, refrainment
†frenulum frenul-
frequēns
• frequentior
• frequentissimus		 frequent- often frequency, frequent, frequentation, frequentative, infrequency, infrequent
fretum fret- strait transfretation, transfrete
frīgus frigor- cold frigorific
†frīgusculum friguscul-
frōns, fruns frond- frond, frondent, frondescence, frondiferous, frondlet, frondose
frōns front- brow, forehead affront, affrontive, bifront, confront, confrontation, confrontational, effrontery, front, frontage, frontal, frontier, frontispiece, nonconfrontational, nonfrontal, prefrontal, quadrifrons, transfrontier
frustum frust- piece bifrustum, frustule, frustulent, frustulum, frustum
†frustillum frustill-
†frustulum frustul-
frutex frutic- shrub frutescence, frutescent, fruticose, fruticulose, suffrutescent, suffruticose, suffruticulose
†fruticulus fruticul-
frūx frūg- fruit frugal, frugality, frugiferous, frugivore, frugivorous, frumenty, infrugiferous
fulvus
• fulvissimus		 fulv- tawny fulvic, fulvid, fulvous
fūmus fūm- smoke fumacious, fumade, fumage, fumarine, fumarole, fumatorium, fumatory, fume, fumeuse, fumid, fumidity, fumiferous, fumigant, fumigate, fumigation, fumigator, infumate, infumation, perfume, perfumery, suffumigate, suffumigation
fundus fund- bottom cofound, defund, found, foundation, foundational, founder, fund, fundament, fundamental, fundoplication, fundus, profound, profundal, profundity
†fundulus fundul-
fungus fung- mushroom fungal, fungicidal, fungicide, fungiform, fungus
fūnis fūn- rope funambulatory, funicle, funicular, funiculate, funiform
†fūniculus fūnicul-
fūnus funer- funeral, funerary, funerate, funereal
fur fur- thief furuncle
furca furc- fork bifurcation, fourchette, furcate, furcula, furcular, multifurcate, trifurcate, trifurcation
†furcilla furcill-
†furcula furcul-
furtum furt- theft furtive
fuscus
• fuscior		 fusc- dark fuscation, fuscine, fuscous, infuscate, infuscation, obfuscate, obfuscation, subfuscous
fūstis fūst- cudgel fustigate, fustigation
†fusticulus fusticul-
fūsus fūs- spindle fusain, Fusarium, fusarole, fusee, fuselage, fusilli, fusula, fuze
galbus galb- yellow jaundice
galea gale- helmet galea, galeate, galeiform
galēna galēn- lead ore galena, galenic
gallīna gallīn- hen gallinacean, gallinaceous, gallinule
†gallīnula gallīnul-
gelu gel- congeal, congelation, gel, gelati, gelatin, gelatinous, gelation, gelato, gelée, gelid, gelifluction, gelignite, jellification, jelly
geminus gemin- twin bigeminal, bigeminy, gemel, gemelli, gemelliparous, geminal, geminate, gemination, gemini, gimmal, ingeminate, quadrigeminal, trigeminal, trigeminy
†gemellus gemell-
gemma gemm- bud gem, gemma, gemmaceous, gemmate, gemmiferous, gemmiform, gemmiparous, gemmulation, gemmule, gemmuliferous
†gemmula gemmul-
gena gen- cheek fixigena, gena, genal, librigena
gens gent- gens, genteel, gentile, gentility, gentle, gentrice, gentrification, gentry
genū genū- knee genicular, geniculate, geniculation, geniculum, genu, genual, genucubital, genuflect, genuflection, genuflexion
†geniculum genicul-
genus gener- birth, offspring, creation congener, congeneric, degenerate, degenerative, engender, gender, general, generality, generate, generation, generational, generative, generator, generatrix, generic, generosity, generous, genre, genuine, genus, intergenerational, intergeneric, regenerate, regenerative, subgenre, subgenus, transgender
germen germin- sprout germ, germane, germicide, germinal, germinate, germination, nongermane, regerminate
gibbus gibb- hump gibbose, gibbosity, gibbous
glaber glabr- smooth glabella, glabellar, glabrate, glabrescent, glabrous
†glabellus glabell-
glacies glaci- ice englacial, glacé, glacial, glaciation, glacier, glacious, glacis, glance, interglacial, interglaciation, postglacial, subglacial, supraglacial
gladius gladi- sword gladiate, gladiator, gladiatory, gladiature, gladiolus
glāns gland- acorn eglandular, eglandulose, gland, glandiferous, glandula, glandular, glandule, glanduliferous, glandulose, glans
†glandula glandul-
glēba, glaeba glēb- clod gleba, glebal, glebe, glebosity
globus glob- conglobate, global, globate, globe, globose, globosity, globular, globule, globulin, inglobate
†globulus globul-
glomus glomer- agglomerate, agglomeration, agglomerative, glomerate, glomerular, glomerulation, glomerulus, juxtaglomerular
†glomerulus glomerul-
gluten glutin- glue agglutinant, agglutinate, agglutination, agglutinative, deglutination, glutelin, gluten, glutinosity, glutinous, nonagglutinative
gracilis
• gracilior
• gracillimus		 gracil- slender engrail, engrailment, gracile, gracility
gradus grad- step aggradation, aggradational, aggrade, antegrade, anterograde, centigrade, degradable, degradation, degradational, degrade, degree, digitigrade, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduality, graduand, graduate, graduation, gree, laterigrade, multigrade, nongraduate, plantigrade, postgraduate, progradation, prograde, retrogradation, retrograde, saltigrade, tardigrade
grandis
• grandior
• grandissimus		 grand- aggrandise, aggrandisement, grandee, grandeur, grandific, grandiloquent, grandiose, grandiosity, grandioso, grandity, grandmaster
granum gran- grain degranulation, engrain, filigree, garner, garnet, grain, granary, grange, granger, granite, granivore, granivorous, granivory, granular, granularity, granulate, granulation, granule, grenade, grenadier, grogram, grosgrain, ingrain, multigrain, pomegranate
†granulum granul-
grātus
• gratissimus		 grāt- aggrace, agree, agreeable, agreeance, agreement, congratulant, congratulate, congratulations, congratulatory, disgrace, grace, graciosity, gracious, gratify, gratification, gratis, gratitude, gratuitous, gratuity, gratulant, gratulate, gratulation, gratulatory
gravis
• gravior
• gravissimus		 grav- heavy aggravate, aggravation, degravation, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravida, gravidity, gravitas, gravitate, gravitation, gravitational, gravity, grief, grieve, grievance, grievant, grievous, ingravescence, ingravescent, multigravida, multigravidity, nongravitational, nulligravida, primigravida, reaggravate, supergravity
grex greg- flock, herd aggregate, aggregation, aggregator, congregate, congregation, congregational, desegregate, desegregation, disaggregate, egregious, gregarious, intercongregational, segregate, segregation
grossus
• grossior		 gross- thick engross, engrossment, grocer, grocery, grosgrain, gross
gula gul- gula, gular, gullet, gully, subgular
gurges gurgit- demigorge, disgorge, disgorgement, engorge, engorgement, gorge, gorgeous, gorget, ingurgitate, ingurgitation, regurgitate, regurgitation
gustus gust- taste disgust, gustatory, gusto, gustoso
gutta gutt- drop gout, gutta, guttate, gutter, guttifer, guttiform
guttur guttur- throat goitre, guttural
hallux halluc- big toe hallucal, hallux
hāmus hām- hook hamate, hamiform, hamular, hamulate, hamulus
†hāmulus hāmul-
harena haren- sand arena, arenaceous, arenite, arenose
hasta hast- spear hasta, hastate, hastatic, hastile
hebes hebet- blunt, dull hebetate, hebetude
hedera heder- ivy Hedera, hederaceous
herba herb- grass herbaceous, herbal, herbarium, herbicide, herbivore, herbivorous, herbivory, non-herbal
hērēs hērēd- disinherit, heir, hereditable, hereditament, hereditary, heredity, heritability, heritage, inherit, inheritable, inheritance, inheritor, inheritrix, nonhereditary, noninheritable
hibernus hibern- hibernacle, hibernal
hiems hiem- winter hiemal
hircus hirc- goat hircine
homō homin- man (human being) bonhomie, homage, hombre, homicide, hominid, homuncular, homunculus, human, humane, humanitarian, humanity, inhuman, inhumane, inhumanity, Nemo, nonhuman, prehuman, subhuman, superhuman, transhuman
†homunculus homuncul-
honor honor- honor honorable, honorarium, honorary, honorific
hortus hort- garden cohort, court, courteous, courtesan, courtesy, courtier, curtain, horticulture
hostis host- enemy hostile, hostility
humus hum- ground exhumation, exhume, humate, humation, humic, humiliate, humility, inhumation, inhume
ignis ign- fire igneous, ignite, ignition
imbecillus imbecile- weak imbecile, imbecility
inanis inan-
inferus
• inferior
• infimus 		infer-
• inferior-
• infim-
• lower
• lowest
• inferior, inferiority
•
inguen inguin- groin inguinal
īnsula īnsul- island insular, insulate, insulation, peninsula, peninsular, isolate, isolation
interus
• interior
• intimus 		inter-
• interior-
• intim-
•
• 		entrail, intern, internal, internality
• interior
• intima, intimacy, intimate, intimation
iocus
jocus		 joc- jest jocular, jocularity, joke
†joculus jocul-
iūdex
jūdex [note 6]		 iūdic- judge adjudicate, adjudication, adjudicative, adjudicator, adjudicatory, extrajudicial, injudicious, judge, judgement, judgment, judgmental, judicable, judicative, judicator, judicatory, judicature, judicial, judiciary, judicious, nonjudicial, prejudge, prejudgment, prejudice, prejudicial
iugum
jugum		 iug- yoke conjugacy, conjugal, conjugate, conjugation, jugal, jugate, jugular
iūs iūr- law, right abjuration, abjure, conjure, de jure, jurat, juration, juratory, jurisdiction, jury, justice
iuvenis
juvenis		 juven- young junior, juniorate, juniority, juvenile, juvenilia, juvenility, rejuvenate
jejunus jejun- jejunal, jejune, jejunity, jejunum
labia labi- lip labial, labium
labor labor- toil collaboration, collaborative, collaborator, elaboration, laboratory, laborious
labrum labr- lip labrose, labrum
lac lact- milk lactate, lactic, lactose
lacrima lacrim- tear lachrymose
lacus lac- lacuna, lacustrine, lagoon, lake
lapis lapid- stone dilapidate, lapidary
lassus lass- lassitude
latex latic- liquid laticifer
latus lat- broad, wide latifoliate, latitude
latus later- side collateral, lateral
laus laud- praise laud, laudable, Lauds
laxus lax- loose laxity, relax
lenis leni- gentle leniency, lenient, leniment, lenis, lenition, lenitive, lenitude, lenity
lens lent- lentil lens, lenticel, lenticular, lentiform
lentus lent- lentic, relent
leo leon- lion leonine
lepus lepor- hare leporid, leporine
levis lev- light (weight) levity, relieve
lēx lēg- law alleged, extralegal, illegal, legal, legality, legislation, legislator, privilege
liber liber- free illiberal, illiberality, liberal, liberality, liberate, liberation, liberator
liber libr- book librarian, library, libretto
libra libr- balance, scales deliberate, deliberation, deliberative, equilibrium, libration
lignum lign- wood ligneous, ligniform, lignin, lignite, lignose
limbus limb- edge limbate, limbic, limbo
limes limit- delimit, limes, limit, limitation
linea line- line align, collinear, collineation, linea, lineage, linear, linearity, multicollinearity
lingua lingu- tongue bilingual, bilinguality, bilinguous, collingual, elinguation, interlanguage, language, ligula, ligular, ligule, lingua franca, lingual, linguiform, linguine, multilingual, prelingual, quadrilingual, sublingual, trilingual
†lingula, ligula lingul-
lira lir- furrow delirament, delirant, delirate, deliration, deliriant, delirifacient, delirious, delirium
littera litter- letter alliteration, alliterative, biliteral, illiteracy, illiterate, literacy, literal, literary, literate, literature, obliterate, obliteration, transliteracy, transliteration, triliteral
locus, stlocus loc- place accouchement, bilocation, bilocular, cislocative, collocation, couch, couchant, dislocate, dislocation, interlocal, lieu, local, locale, locality, locate, location, locative, locator, loculament, locular, locule, loculose, loculus, milieu, multilocal, multilocation, multilocular, nonlocal, quasilocal, relocate, relocation, translocal, translocate, translocation, translocative, trilocular, unilocular
†locellus locell-
†loculus locul-
longus
• longior
• longissimus		 long- long allonge, elongate, elongation, longa, longanimity, longe, longeron, longinquity, longitude, longitudinal, longum, lunge, lungo, oblong, prolong, prolongation, purloin
lūbricus lūbric- slippery lubricant, lubricate, lubrication, lubricator, lubricity, lubricous
lucrum lucr- gain, profit lucrative, lucre, lucrific
†lucellum lucell-
lūmen[note 7] lūmin- light dislimn, enlumine, illuminable, illuminance, illuminant, illuminate, illuminati, illumination, illumine, intraluminal, limn, lumen, luminaire, luminal, luminance, luminant, luminaria, luminary, lumination, lumine, luminescence, luminescent, luminiferous, luminosity, luminous, relumine, subluminal, subluminous, superluminal, transillumination, transluminal, ultraluminous
lūna[note 8] lūn- Moon circumlunar, cislunar, demilune, interlunar, interlunation, lunar, lunate, lunatic, lunation, lune, lunette, luniform, lunisolar, mezzaluna, mezzelune, plenilunary, semilunar, sublunar, sublunary, superlunary, translunar
lupus lup- wolf lupine
lūtra lūtr- otter Lutra, lutrine
lutum lut- mud lutaceous, lutite
lux luc- light elucidate, elucidation, elucubrate, elucubration, lucent, lucid, lucidity, Lucifer, luciferous, lucifugal, noctilucent, pellucid, pellucidity, semipellucid, translucency, translucent, translucid, translucidity, translucidus
luxus lux- luxuriant, luxurious, luxury
†macula macul- spot immaculate, macula, macular, maculate, maculation, maculature, macule, maculose
magister magistr- master maestro, magisterial, magistery, magistracy, magistral, magistrate, magistrature, master, mastery, mistral, quartermaster, remaster
magnus
• māior
• maximus 		magn-
• māior-
• maxim- 		big, great
• greater
• greatest 		magnanimity, magnanimous, magnate, magnificent, magnitude
• maestoso, majesty, major, majorate, majordomo, majoritarian, majority, majuscule, mayor, mayoral, mayoralty, semimajor, supermajority
• maxim, maximal, maximum
malleus malle- hammer malleability, malleable, mallet
malus
• peior
• pessimus 		mal-
• peior-
• pessim- 		bad
• worse
• worst 		dismal, grand mal, malady, malaise, malevolence, malevolent, malice, malicious, malignancy, malignant, nonmalignant, petit mal, premalignant
• impair, impairment, pejoration, pejorative
• pessimal
mantum mant- dismantle, dismantlement, manta, mantel, mantelet, mantilla, mantle
†mantellum mantell-
manus manu- hand amanuensis, Bimana, bimanous, bimanual, mainour, maintain, manacle, manage, manageable, management, managerial, mandamus, mandate, maneuver, manicure, manifer, manifest, manifestation, manifesto, maniform, maniple, manipulation, manner, manual, manuary, manubrium, manuduction, manufacture, manumission, manumit, manus, manuscript, Quadrumana, quadrumanous
†manicula manicul-
mare mar- sea marinade, marinate, marine, mariner, maritime, submarine, ultramarine
Mars marti- Mars martial, Martian
māter mātr- mother immaterial, material, materiality, maternal, maternity, matricide, matriculant, matriculate, matrilocal, matrimonial, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter
maturus matur- ripe immature, immaturity, maturant, maturate, maturation, mature, maturescent, maturity, premature
maxilla maxill- jaw hemimaxilla, hemimaxillectomy, intermaxilla, maxillar, maxillary, maxillate, maxillectomy, maxilliferous, maxilliform, maxillula, premaxilla, septomaxilla, submaxilla, supermaxilla, supramaxilla, zygomaxillare
medius medi- middle antemeridian, dimidiate, dimidiation, immediacy, immediate, intermediary, intermediate, intermedio, intermezzo, mean, media, medial, median, mediant, mediation, mediator, mediatrix, mediety, medieval, mediocre, mediocrity, medium, meridian, mezzanine, postmeridian
mel mell- honey melliferous, mellific, mellifluence, mellifluent, mellifluous, melliloquent, mellivorous
membrum membr- bimembral, dismember, dismemberment, member, membral, membrane, membranous, nonmember, semimembranous, transmembrane
memor memor- mindful commemorate, commemoration, commemorative, immemorial, memoir, memorabilia, memorability, memorable, memorandum, memorial, memory, remember, remembrance, rememorate
menda mend- blemish emend, emendation
mendicus mendic- beggar mendicant, mendicate, mendication, mendicity
mens ment- mind comment, commentary, dementia, mental, mentality
merus mer- pure mere
mēta met- goal mete
miles milit- soldier militant, military, militate, militia
mīlle mīll- thousand bimillennium, mile, mileage, miliarense, miliaresion, millefeuille, millefiori, millefleur, millennial, millennium, milli-, million, millionaire, millipede, milreis, multimillion, postmillennial, premillennial
millēnī millēn- a thousand each bimillenary, millenarian, millenary, postmillenarian
millēsimus millēsim- thousandth mil, millesimal
mirus mir- admirability, admirable, admiration, admirative, admire, marvel, miracle, miraculous, mirage, Miranda, mirative, mirativity, mirror
†miraculum miracul-
miser
• miserior
• miserrimus		 miser- wretched commiserate, commiseration, miser, miserable, misericord, misery
†misellus misell-
missa miss- Mass missal, missificate
mitis
• mitissimus		 mit- mitigant, mitigate, mitigation
modus mod- accommodate, accommodation, accommodative, accommodator, bimodal, bimodality, commode, commodification, commodious, commodity, decommodification, demodulate, demodulation, demodulator, immodest, immodesty, intermodal, intermodulation, modal, modality, mode, model, modern, modernity, modest, modesty, modicum, modification, modify, modiolus, modular, modularity, modulate, modulation, modulator, module, modulo, modulus, multimodal, multimodality, postmodern, postmodernity, Quasimodo, remodel, remodulate, supermodel, trimodal, trimodality, ultramodern, unimodular, unimodularity
†modulus modul-
moles mol- mass bimolecular, demolition, mole, molecule
mollis moll- soft emollient, mollient, mollify, mollitude, mollusc, molluscicide, molluscivore, mollusk
mons mont- mountain cismontane, dismount, montage, montane, monticello, monticule, montiform, montigenous, mount, piedmont, submontane, surmount, tramontane, transmontane, ultramontane
†monticellus monticell-
†monticulus monticul-
mora mor- delay demur, demure, demurrage, demurral, moratorium
morbus morb- sickness morbid, morbidity
mors mort- death immortal, immortality, mortal, mortality, mortician, rigor mortis
mortuus mort- dead mortgage, mortuary, morgue, postmortem
mōs mōr- custom immoral, immorality, moral, morale, morality, mores, morigerous, morose, morosity
mucrō mucrōn- point mucro, mucronate, mucronation, mucronulate, mucronule
mūcus mūc- mucic, muciferous, muciform, mucigel, mucilage, mucilaginous, mucivore, mucosa, mucous, muculent, submucosa
mulier muli- woman muliebrity, mulierose
multa, mulcta mult- penalty mulct
multus
• plūs
• plūrimus 		mult-
• plūr-
• plūrim- 		many
• more
• most 		multiplex, multiplicity, multitude
• nonplus, plural, plurality, pluriform, plus, surplus
• plurimal
mūlus mūl- mule mular
mundus mund- world antemundane, demimondaine, demimonde, extramundane, intramundane, mondain, mondaine, mondial, mondo, mundane, mundanity, ultramundane
mūrex mūric- murex, muricate, muriculate
muria muri- brine muriate, muriatic
murmur murmur- murmur, murmuration, murmurous
†murmurillum murmurill-
mūrus, moerus mūr- wall antemural, immuration, immure, immurement, intramural, murage, mural
mūs mūr- mouse intermuscular, murine, muscular, muscularity, musculature
†mūsculus mūscul-
musca musc- fly Musca, muscarine, Muscicapa, Muscidae, musciform, mosquito
mūscus mūsc- moss
mustus must- new must
mutilus mutil- mutilate, mutilation, mutilous
mūtulus mūtul- modillion intermutule, modillion, mutular, mutule
mūtus mūt- mute
N–V
Citation form Declining stem Meaning English derivatives
nāpus nāp- turnip neep
nāris nār- nostril internarial, nares, narial, prenarial
nāsus nās- nose intranasal, nasal, nasalance, nasality, nonnasal
nāvis nāv- ship antenave, naval, nave, navicular, navigable, navigate, navy, nonnavigable
†nāvicella nāvicell-
†nāvicula navicul-
nebula nebul- cloud nebula, nebular, nebulizer, nebulous
necesse[note 9] necess- necessary, necessitarian, necessitate, necessitude, necessity, nonnecessity
nemus nem- grove nemoral nemorose nemorous
nepōs nepōt- nephew grandnephew, nephew, nepoticide, nepotism
nervus nerv- innervate, nerval, nervate, nerve, nervose, nervosity, trinervate
neuter neutr- neither neutral, neutrality, nonneutrality
nīdor nīdor- nidor, nidorose
nīdus nīd- nest denidation, niche, nidicolous, nidificate, nidification, nidifugous, nidulant, nidulate
†nidulus nidul-
niger nigr- black denigrate, denigration, denigrative, denigrator, negrita, nigrities, negrito, negritude, nigrescence, nigrescent, nigrine, nigritude
nihil nihil- nothing annihilate, annihilation, annihilator, nihil, nil
nodus nod- knot acnode, crunode, denouement, internodal, internode, nodal, node, nodose, nodosity, nodular, nodule, nodulose, tacnode
†nodulus nodul-
nomen nomin- name agnomen, agnominal, agnomination, binomen, binominal, denomination, denominational, denominative, denominator, ignominious, ignominy, interdenominational, multidenominational, multinominal, nominal, nomination, nominative, nominator, nominee, nondenominational, noun, postnominal, praenomen, prenominal, pronominal, pronoun, redenomination, renown, surnominal, trinomen, trinominal
nonageni nonagen- ninety each nonagenarian, nonagenary
nonagesimus nonagesim- ninetieth nonagesimal
nōnus non- ninth nonary, None, noon
norma norm- carpenter's square abnormal, abnormality, denormal, enormity, enormous, nonnormal, nonnormative, norm, normal, normality, normative, seminorm, seminormal, subnormal
noster nostr- our nostrum
novem novem- nine November, novennial
novemdecim novemdec- nineteen novemdecillion
noveni noven- nine each Novena, novenary
novus
• novior
• novissimus		 nov- new innovate, innovation, innovational, innovative, innovator, innovatory, nova, novation, novel, novella, novelty, novice, novitiate, renovatable, renovate, renovation, renovative, renovator, supernova
†novellus novell-
nox noct- night equinoctial, equinox, noctambulous, noctiluca, noctilucent, noctule, nocturn, nocturnal, nocturnality, nocturne, notturno, seminocturnal, trinoctial
nūbēs nūb- cloud enubilate, enubilous, nuance, nubilose, nubilous, obnubilate
nudus nud- naked denudation, denude, nonnude, nude, nudity, seminude, seminudity
nugae nug- trifles nugacious, nugacity, nugation, nugatory
nūmen nūmin- nod numen, numinous
numerus numer- number denumerable, enumerable, enumerate, enumeration, enumerative, enumerator, equinumerant, equinumerous, innumerable, innumeracy, innumerate, innumerous, nonenumerative, numerable, numeracy, numeral, numerary, numerate, numeration, numerative, numerator, numerical, numero,